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This volume looks at the latest methods used to study and modulate the biological function and mechanisms of SH2 domains. The chapters in this book are organized into five parts. Part One presents methodology aimed at determining the structures and dynamics of SH2 domains and their complexes with phosphopeptides. Part Two discusses techniques to understand and predict interactions of SH2 domains by measuring or calculating their affinity to phosphopeptides. Part Three focuses on inhibitors of SH2 domains that lead the way for chemical tool development and drug discovery. Part Four describes how to evolve and engineer SH2 domains with specific binding properties, and Part Five explores how to measure the regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity through allosteric binding of peptides to SH2 domains and condensation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, SH2 Domains: Functional Modules and Evolving Tools in Biology is a valuable resource for researchers, working in the biophysical and biochemical field, who want to learn more about this exciting and versatile class of regulatory and signaling domains. .
Cytology. --- Biomolecules. --- Physical biochemistry. --- Macromolecules. --- Proteins. --- Cell Biology. --- Structural Biology.
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Biophysics --- Biophysics. --- Biophysical Phenomena. --- Biology --- structural biology --- cellular biophysics --- systems biology
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DNA damage response (DDR) and lesion repair are vital processes ensuring genome integrity through various pathways depending mainly on the nature of DNA injury and cell cycle stage. DDR is finely regulated at many levels in co-ordination with other ongoing processes as is genome replication and cell cycle progression. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs), affecting both protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions, play a crucial role in finely tuning all processes involved in the restoration of genome lesions. Regarding damaged chromatin, PTMs serve in many cases as recruitment platforms for DNA repair mechanisms by facilitating binding sites or regulating interactions between involved proteins. Ubiquitination, the addition of ubiquitin moieties on a target protein, apart from controlling protein availability through degradation, is also involved, together with partner small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), in controlling many pathways involved in DDR by modifying the structure-function relationship and thus interacting with partner molecules. The aim of this book is to cover a broad spectrum of current topics in ubiquitination and to a lesser extent SUMOylation involvement in regulation of DDR and repair in health and disease. This book is intended for pre- and postgraduate students and young scientists in this field. Members of both academic and research institutions, actively involved in the field, have described their current understanding of major mechanisms involved, highlighted key events, described ongoing applications in both developmental diseases and cancer and provided hints for future potential applications.
Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Life Sciences --- Immunology and Microbiology --- Structural Biology --- Proteomics
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The peripheral membrane proteins transduce the extracellular signaling into the cells. The peripheral membrane proteins include the G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases, channels and transporters. The signals, which are transduced via the peripheral membrane proteins, activate several pathways including G protein signaling, MAPK signaling, TNF signaling, TGF? signaling, Wnt signaling and Hedgehog signaling. The peripheral membrane proteins transduce the signaling from the extracellular ligands into the cells. This book intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the features and signaling of peripheral membrane proteins, which includes the molecular structure and interaction. The insights into membrane proteins associated with diseases and therapeutics and the effects of drugs and chemicals are also discussed in this book.
Peripheral circulation --- Regulation. --- Regulation of peripheral circulation --- Biological control systems --- Life Sciences --- Immunology and Microbiology --- Structural Biology --- Proteomics
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The human ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is comprised of nearly 1000 proteins. Although originally identified as a mechanism of protein destruction, the UPS has numerous additional functions and mediates central signaling events in myriad processes involved in both cellular and organismal health and homeostasis. Numerous pathways within the UPS are implicated in disease, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's. The goal of this book is to deliver a collection of synopses of current areas of UPS research that highlights the importance of understanding the biology of the UPS to identify disease-relevant pathways, and the need to elucidate the molecular machinations within the UPS to develop methods for therapeutic modulation of these pathways.
Central nervous system --- Physiology. --- Nervous system, Central --- Nervous system --- Life Sciences --- Immunology and Microbiology --- Structural Biology --- Proteomics
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This book highlights key findings generated during the past years from the main disciplines that constitute Physical Virology, from theoretical physics and simulations to material sciences and vaccines development to structural biology. Each chapter is written by world-class scientists from these areas and is a comprehensive review of where this field stands, as well as the future of Physical Virology. The diversity in the formal training of these scientists results in solving common problems using very distinct approaches, which can produce surprising findings. The multi- and interdisciplinary nature of this field has created a remarkable community that aims at understanding how viruses work and how they can be used in material sciences, chemistry, and biomedicine. Furthermore, the development of Physical Virology has resulted in technological advances that have shaped other fields; for example, it would be impossible to think about the development of Cryo-EM to solve the structure of complex viruses with atomic resolution without the contribution of scientists that created the field of Physical Virology. In the past decade, there has been a great success in the generation of viral systems that can encapsulate drugs, non-viral genetic material, or nanoparticles, as well as in the chemical and genetical modification of virions. Without any doubt in the immediate future, some of these technologies will jump from the bench to the market, creating a revolution in translational and biomedical sciences. The book provides key perspectives for the field, derived from expert´s opinions.
Virology. --- Biophysics. --- Biomolecules. --- Physical biochemistry. --- Macromolecules. --- Biomechanics. --- Biology --- Genetic engineering. --- Structural Biology. --- Molecular Biophysics. --- Gene Delivery. --- Technique.
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The chapters in this book are written by a team of well-reputed international researchers. The objective is to provide advanced and updated information related to protein-protein interactions. I hope the methods, resources and approaches described here will enhance the available knowledge of the reader significantly.
Protein-protein interactions. --- Interactions, Protein-protein --- PPIs (Protein-protein interactions) --- Protein interactions --- Interactomes --- Molecular association --- Life Sciences --- Immunology and Microbiology --- Structural Biology --- Proteomics
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This volume covers all methods used to discover the composition, structure, and dynamics of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), as well as the soluble transport factors involved in the transport process. Chapters detail structural biology methods, biophysical, transport factors , and a wide range of model organisms that have been used over the years. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, The Nuclear Pore Complex: Methods and Protocols: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge. .
Cytology. --- Biomolecules. --- Physical biochemistry. --- Macromolecules. --- Cell Biology. --- Structural Biology. --- Molecules --- Supramolecular chemistry --- Biophysical chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Physical organic chemistry --- Biological molecules --- Molecular biology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells
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This book covers the latest findings of a wide variety of viral, prokaryotic and eukaryotic macromolecular protein complexes and builds upon the solid macromolecular foundations established by previous volumes of the Subcellular Biochemistry series. Thus, an almost encyclopaedic coverage of the broad field of protein complex structure and function has been established. The 17 interesting chapters included in this book have been organised into four sections: Soluble Protein Complexes, Membrane Protein Complexes, Fibrous Protein Complexes and Viral Protein Complexes. Significant topics present here are: Fatty Acid Synthase, the Fork Protection Complex, Ribonucleotide Reductase, the Kinetochore, G proteins, the FtsEX Complex, the Kainate Receptor, the Photosystem I-antenna, the Mycobacterial Arabinofuranosyltransferases, the the Bacterial Flagellum, the Actomyosin Complex, Motile Cilia, SLS Collagen Polymorphic Structures, and the Reovirus Capsid and Polymerase. Up-dates/expansion of chapter topics present in earlier volumes are now included in chapters here, e.g., those on Ferritin-like proteins and the Multi-tRNA Synthetase. The book is richly illustrated throughout, which is the result of an impressive integration of structural data from X-ray crystallography with that from cryo-electron microscopy. Functional aspects of protein-protein interactions are also given a high priority.
Macromolecules. --- Complex compounds. --- Complexes (Chemistry) --- Compounds, Complex --- Molecules --- Supramolecular chemistry --- Proteins. --- Biomolecules. --- Physical biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Protein Biochemistry. --- Structural Biology. --- Cell Biology. --- Biological molecules --- Molecular biology --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Biophysical chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Physical organic chemistry --- Macromolècules --- Proteïnes --- Compostos complexos
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This book provides a unique, comprehensive, and up-to-date overview of the various NADPH oxidases and narrates the history of their discovery, biochemical characteristics, genetics, molecular structure, and multiple functions in health and disease. It covers the subject in a manner that serves both the expert and the novice researcher in the field. The book starts with an overview of the major milestones in the discovery of the archetypical NADPH oxidase, known as cytochrome b558, and its cytosolic regulators. This is followed by personal recollections by pioneers of the field, descriptions of the work of the major figures of the past by their followers, and a rendering of the history of the discovery of the Nox family. The central section of the book consists of chapters devoted specifically to an in depth description of the individual members of the Nox family, and is followed by chapters focused on the modulators of their function. A subsequent section comprises chapters dealing with methodologies of Nox research, interaction with other proteins, and Nox inhibitors. A distinct section of the book deals with non-mammalian Noxs, from amoeba to zebrafish. Subsequent chapters focus on Nox structure, a field in which extraordinary progress was made in recent years. The volume ends with chapters on Chronic Granulomatous Disease, the consequence of Nox loss-of-function, and its treatment by gene therapy. The coda is a crystal ball perspective of the hopes for the clinical translation of basic Nox research. Written for biochemists, cell biologists, molecular biologists, and clinicians, this book is aimed at both senior scientists and young investigators in the field.
Cytology. --- Stress (Physiology). --- Biomolecules. --- Physical biochemistry. --- Macromolecules. --- Diseases. --- Proteins. --- Cellular Stress. --- Structural Biology. --- Mechanisms of Disease. --- Protein Biochemistry. --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Human beings --- Illness --- Illnesses --- Morbidity --- Sickness --- Sicknesses --- Medicine --- Epidemiology --- Health --- Pathology --- Sick --- Molecules --- Supramolecular chemistry --- Biophysical chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Physical organic chemistry --- Biological molecules --- Molecular biology --- Physiological stress --- Tension (Physiology) --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Diseases
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