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This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently – to become ‘smart’ and ‘sustainable’. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of ‘big’ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity.

Human geography --- Computer networking & communications --- Information technology: general issues --- Geography --- Human Geography --- Information Systems and Communication Service --- Computer Applications --- Geography, general --- Urban Geography and Urbanism --- Database Management System --- Geographical Information System --- Urban informatics --- Urban science --- GIS --- Urban computing --- Sensing --- Big data --- Smart cities --- Spatial data infrastructure --- Big data analytics --- Data-driven geography --- Open access

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The increasing complexity of infrastructures and densely built-up areas requires a proper registration of the legal status (private and public), which can only be provided to a limited extent by the existing 2D cadastral registrations. The registration of the legal status in complex 3D situations is investigated under the header of 3D Cadastres. This publication, containing 13 selected contributions on 3D Cadastre, addresses the following areas:

land management --- rights restrictions responsibilities --- n/a --- country profile --- legal framework --- private rights --- multistorey buildings --- constraints --- superficies --- LandXML --- marine information data model --- ISO 19152 --- navigation --- responsibilities --- RRR --- IDM --- Environs Act --- INTERLIS modelling language --- survey plans --- legal --- Serbian country profile --- LADM --- common rights --- Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) --- ISO 1952 --- workflow --- architectural models (BIM) --- spatial data infrastructure --- stratified legal interests --- restrictions --- marine cadastre (MC) --- spatial unit --- 3D cadastres --- institutional --- indoor --- legal view --- MVD --- spatial data modelling --- code lists --- party --- technical --- geographic information systems --- land administration domain model (LADM) --- 3D volumetric parcel --- Model Driven Architecture (MDA) --- InfraGML --- S-121 maritime limits and boundaries (MLB) --- 3D real property --- land administration --- rights --- PLR --- spatial data and functionalities --- 3D cadastral registration --- 3D cadastre --- restrictions and responsibilities (RRRs) --- 3D land administration --- 3D cadastral survey system --- 3D Cadastre --- spatial object --- GeoInfoStrategy --- marine rights --- BIM --- land registry map --- topographic signs --- building information modelling --- complex multi-use rights --- physical view --- legal and physical space --- 3D deed --- marine administration system (MAS) --- real property --- multi-level topology --- 3D parcel