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The influenza epidemic of 1918 killed more people in one year than the Great War killed in four, sickening at least one quarter of the world's population. In Fever of War, Carol R. Byerly uncovers the startling impact of the 1918 influenza epidemic on the American army, its medical officers, and their profession, a story which has long been silenced. Through medical officers' memoirs and diaries, official reports, scientific articles, and other original sources, Byerly tells a grave tale about the limits of modern medicine and warfare.The tragedy begins with overly confident medical officers who, armed with new knowledge and technologies of modern medicine, had an inflated sense of their ability to control disease. The conditions of trench warfare on the Western Front soon outflanked medical knowledge by creating an environment where the influenza virus could mutate to a lethal strain. This new flu virus soon left medical officers’ confidence in tatters as thousands of soldiers and trainees died under their care. They also were unable to convince the War Department to reduce the crowding of troops aboard ships and in barracks which were providing ideal environments for the epidemic to thrive. After the war, and given their helplessness to control influenza, many medical officers and military leaders began to downplay the epidemic as a significant event for the U. S. army, in effect erasing this dramatic story from the American historical memory.

World War, 1914-1918 --- Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 --- Spanish Flu Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Spanish Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Epidemics --- Health aspects. --- United States. --- U.S. Army --- US Army --- Medical care --- History.

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While there has been an abundance of scientific works on the COVID-19 crisis, there has been relatively little research to date from the humanities. This striking new book seeks to address the immediacy of COVID-19 by focusing on the implications of the virus in a wider interdisciplinary context-through the lens of the law, history, ethics, technology, economics, and gender studies. From Europe to South America, Asia, and beyond, Law, Humanities and the Covid Crisis sets out a framework for understanding the COVID-19 virus beyond its epidemiological constraints, asking us to question the very definition of what it means to be human. Researchers from around the world offer their critical reflections on the past, present, and future of this period of socio-cultural upheaval and the tremendous suffering that has laid bare fundamental imbalances in our society. Featuring essays on public welfare versus private interest, violence against women, mask compliance, conspiracy theories, and national security laws, this book is a significant contribution to understanding our new "post-COVID" landscape, and the future yet to come.

COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020 --- -Law and the humanities. --- disaster politics --- education and COVID-19 --- civil unrest --- Spanish Flu --- coronavirus --- masks --- protest --- pandemic --- labour --- COVID-19 --- Jair Bolsonaro --- women and COVID-19 --- domestic violence --- work ethics --- public health --- COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-2023. --- Law and the humanities.

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The Butterfly Defect addresses the widening gap between the new systemic risks generated by globalization and their effective management. It shows how the dynamics of turbo-charged globalization has the potential and power to destabilize our societies. Drawing on the latest insights from a wide variety of disciplines, Ian Goldin and Mike Mariathasan provide practical guidance for how governments, businesses, and individuals can better manage globalization and risk.Goldin and Mariathasan demonstrate that systemic risk issues are now endemic everywhere-in supply chains, pandemics, infrastructure, ecology and climate change, economics, and politics. Unless we address these concerns, they will lead to greater protectionism, xenophobia, nationalism, and, inevitably, deglobalization, rising inequality, conflict, and slower growth.The Butterfly Defect shows that mitigating uncertainty and risk in an interconnected world is an essential task for our future.

Globalization. --- Crisis management. --- Risk management. --- Contagion. --- Glass-Steagall Act. --- H5N1. --- HIV/AIDS. --- Hurricane Sandy. --- Katrina. --- SARS. --- Spanish flu. --- West Nile Virus. --- air transportation connectivity. --- bird flu. --- blackouts. --- butterfly effect. --- cascades. --- cholera. --- climate change. --- computer viruses. --- cyber attacks. --- disease control. --- earthquakes. --- ecological risks. --- economic crises. --- economic meltdown. --- financial crisis. --- global catastrophe. --- global connectivity. --- global infrastructure. --- global virus. --- globalism. --- great recession. --- greenhouse gas emissions. --- housing bubbles. --- hurricanes. --- infectious disease. --- influenza. --- infrastucture. --- isolationism. --- nationalism. --- natural disasters. --- network effects. --- pandemic management. --- pandemic. --- protectionism. --- quarantines. --- recession. --- risk management. --- super spreaders. --- supply bottleneck. --- supply chains. --- swine flu. --- systemic collapse. --- systemic shocks. --- terrorism. --- tsunamis. --- volcanic eruptions.

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The Spanish Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919 sheds new light on what the World Health Organization described as "the single most devastating infectious disease outbreak ever recorded" by situating the Iberian Peninsula as the key point of connection, both epidemiologically and discursively, between Europe and the Americas. The essays in this volume elucidate specific aspects of the pandemic that have received minimal attention until now, including social control, gender, class, religion, national identity, and military medicine's reactions to the pandemic and its relationship with civilian medicine, all in the context of World War I. As the authors point out, however, the experiences of 1918-19 remain persistently relevant to contemporary life, particularly in view of events such as the 2009 H1N1 swine flu pandemic. Contributors: Mercedes Pascual Artiaga, Catherine Belling, Josep Bernabeu-Mestre, Ryan A, Davis, Esteban Domingo, Magda Fahrni, Hernán Feldman, Pilar León-Sanz, Maria Luísa Lima, Maria deFátima Nunes, María-Isabel Porras-Gallo, Anny Jackeline Torres Silveira, José Manuel Sobral, Paulo Silveira e Sousa, Christiane Maria Cruz de Souza. María-Isabel Porras-Gallo is Professor of History of Science in the Medical Faculty of Ciudad Real at the University of Castile-La Mancha (Spain). She is the author of Un reto para la sociedad madrileña: la epidemia de gripe de 1918-1919 and co-editor of El drama de la polio. Un problema social y familiar en la España franquista. Ryan A. Davis is Assistant Professor in the Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at Illinois State University. He is the author of The Spanish Flu: Narrative and Cultural Identity in Spain, 1918.

Pandemie --- Influenza-A-Virus --- Grippe --- Influenza, Human --- Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 --- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype --- History, 20th Century --- Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Spanish Flu Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Spanish Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919 --- Epidemics --- Flu --- Flu, Respiratory --- Respiratory flu --- Respiratory infections --- Virus diseases --- Orthomyxovirus type A --- Influenza viruses --- History. --- Südamerika --- Spanien --- Portugal --- Spain. --- South America. --- Portugal. --- al-Burtughāl --- al-Jumhūrīyah al-Burtughālīyah --- Burtughāl --- Jumhūrī-i Purtughāl --- Jumhūrīyah al-Burtughālīyah --- Lusitania (Portugal) --- Portekiz --- Portekiz Cumhuriyeti --- Portogalia --- Portogallo --- Portugál Köztársaság --- Portugali --- Portugalia --- Portugalii︠a︡ --- Portugalská republika --- Portugalʹskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Portugalsko --- Portugiesische Republik --- Portuguese Republic --- Porutogaru --- Porutogaru Kyōwakoku --- P'orŭt'ugal --- P'orŭt'ugal Konghwaguk --- Purtughāl --- Putaoya --- Putaoya Gongheguo --- Repubblica Portoghese --- Republica Portugheză --- República Portuguesa --- Republika Portugalska --- République portugaise --- Sefarad --- Португальская Республика --- Португалия --- פורטוגל --- البرتغال --- الجمهورية البرتغالية --- برتغال --- جمهوري پرتغال --- جمهورية البرتغالية --- پرتغال --- ポルトガル --- ポルトガル共和国 --- 葡萄牙 --- 葡萄牙共和国 --- 포르투갈 --- 포르투갈공화국 --- Espagne --- Espainiako Erresuma --- España --- Espanha --- Espanja --- Espanya --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Hiszpania --- Isupania --- Kingdom of Spain --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Reino de España --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Sepharad --- Shpanie --- Shpanye --- Spanish State --- Supein --- イスパニア --- スペイン --- Spanish Influenza Pandemic. --- WHO. --- World War I. --- class. --- contemporary life. --- gender. --- infectious disease outbreak. --- military medicine. --- national identity. --- religion. --- social control.