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The high demand for advanced metallic materials raises the need for an extensive recycling of metals and such a sustainable use of raw materials. ""Sustainable Utilization of Metals - Processing, Recovery and Recycling"" comprises the latest scientific achievements in efficient production of metals and such addresses sustainable resource use as part of the circular economy strategy. This policy drives the present contributions, aiming on the recirculation of EoL-streams such as Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), multi-metal alloys or composite materials back into metal production. This needs a holistic approach, resulting in the maximal avoidance of waste. Considering both aspects, circular economy and material design, recovery and use of minor metals play an essential role, since their importance for technological applications often goes along with a lack of supply on the world market. Additionally, their ignoble character and low concentration in recycling materials cause an insufficient recycling rate of these metals, awarding them the status of “critical metals”. In order to minimize losses and energy consumption, this issue explores concepts for the optimization concerning the interface between mechanical and thermal pre-treatment and metallurgical processes. Such new approaches in material design, structural engineering and substitution are provided in the chapters.

n/a --- tramp element --- reuse --- titanium recovery --- smartphone --- electrolytic manganese --- chemical equilibrium diagram --- thermodynamics --- displays --- selective extraction --- negative activation energy --- rare earths --- precipitation --- yttrium --- melting behavior --- zinc --- Bayer process --- silver leaching --- lanthanum --- steel scrap --- waste utilization --- super-gravity --- solvent extraction --- scandium --- magnesium --- gravity separation --- dynamic material flow model --- electrolytic lodes and scrapings --- enrichment of Ti --- ammonium scandium hexafluoride --- carbothermal reduction --- simultaneous recovery --- karst bauxite --- fines --- vanadium --- silver --- oxygen-depolarized cathodes --- ionic liquids --- flotation --- steelmaking dust --- aluminium purification --- zinc recycling --- physical separation --- manganese --- intermetallic formation --- gold --- aluminum alloy --- copper --- slag valorization --- reduction of Co --- NMC batteries --- process development --- REE–Nb–Fe ore --- bauxite residue --- hydrometallurgy --- Zinc --- polythermal section --- alkaline leaching --- electric arc furnace --- neodymium --- environmentally friendly process --- electrodeposition --- volatilization --- characterization --- rheorefining --- Li-ion battery --- anti-solvent crystallization --- basic oxygen furnace --- Bayan Obo --- selective precipitation --- pyrolysis --- WPCBs --- cold-bonded briquettes --- separation --- battery pre-treatment --- dysprosium --- dust --- metal recovery --- pyrometallurgy --- thermal treatment --- jarosite --- lifetime of steel --- leaching --- rare-earths --- sustainable development --- industry sector --- closed-loop circulation --- circular economy --- iron removal --- kinetics --- polishing waste --- material flow analysis --- cerium --- rare earth elements --- recycling potential --- halogenation --- ultra-high purity --- cryogenic pre-treatment --- Tin recovery --- refining --- WPCB --- desulfurization --- spent catalysts --- trace elements --- dimethyl sulfoxide --- vacuum distillation --- industrial residue --- condensation --- glass polishing waste --- flash smelting --- red mud --- microwave assisted pyrolysis --- NdFeB magnets --- cavitation --- sludge --- cementation --- indium --- metallurgy --- recycling --- gallium --- copper removal --- jarosite residue --- preparation for recovery --- laterites --- scandium recovery --- blast furnace --- circulation --- recycling rate --- REE-Nb-Fe ore

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"Rare earths, indispensable inputs for high tech, military, and renewable applications, remain in the hands of China, a power on the rise. Largely out of the public eye prior to 2010, rare earths, and China's monopoly over them, became international news after China 'unofficially' halted exports to Japan, the United States, and Europe following a collision between Chinese and Japanese boats in the East China Sea. Focusing on China's monopoly over the rare earth industry, this work examines the impacts of growing worldwide resource competition and the complexities policymakers face as they develop strategies and responses in an increasingly globalized world."--Publisher.

Rare earth industry --- Geopolitics. --- Rare earth metals --- Political aspects. --- China --- Foreign economic relations. --- Lanthanide series --- Lanthanides --- Lanthanoid series --- Lanthanons --- Rare earth elements --- Nonferrous metals --- World politics --- Rare earths industry --- Nonferrous metal industries --- geopolitics. --- rare earth. --- foreign policy. --- economic relations. --- China. --- Kitajska --- Kína --- Hiina --- Čína --- An tSín --- Кина --- Kiina --- Chine --- Kina --- Ķīna --- Cina --- Китай --- Chiny --- Κίνα --- Kinija --- iċ-Ċina --- Repubblica popolare cinese --- República Popular da China --- Čínská lidová republika --- Ķīnas Tautas Republika --- Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Κίνας --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- République populaire de Chine --- ČLR --- Народна република Китай --- Народна Република Кина --- Hiina Rahvavabariik --- Folkerepublikken Kina --- ir-Repubblika Popolari taċ-Ċina --- Republika Popullore e Kinës --- Volksrepubliek China --- НР Кина --- die Volksrepublik China --- Ljudska republika Kitajska --- Čínska ľudová republika --- Kinijos Liaudies Respublika --- Folkrepubliken Kina --- Chińska Republika Ludowa --- Republica Populară Chineză --- Narodna Republika Kina --- Kiinan kansantasavalta --- People’s Republic of China --- República Popular China --- ekonominiai santykiai --- økonomiske relationer --- relation économique --- majandussuhted --- ekonomiskās attiecības --- економски односи --- taloussuhteet --- marrëdhënie ekonomike --- ekonomiska förbindelser --- hospodárske vzťahy --- relações económicas --- relazzjonijiet ekonomiċi --- Wirtschaftsbeziehungen --- ekonomski odnosi --- οικονομικές σχέσεις --- relazioni economiche --- hospodářské vztahy --- stosunki gospodarcze --- relación económica --- gazdasági kapcsolatok --- economische betrekking --- relații economice --- caidreamh eacnamaíoch --- икономически отношения --- меѓународни економски односи --- relação financeira --- internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen --- ekonomické vztahy --- pénzügyi kapcsolatok --- nemzetközi gazdasági kapcsolatok --- financiële betrekking --- økonomiske forbindelser --- relación financiera --- меѓународни финансиски односи --- finansiniai ryšiai --- finančné vzťahy --- финансиски односи --- finantssuhted --- relation financière --- relații financiare --- finansiālās attiecības --- relazioni commerciali --- taloudelliset suhteet --- marrëdhënie financiare --- χρηματοπιστωτικές σχέσεις --- financial relations --- finansiel forbindelse --- gospodarski odnosi --- relazioni finanziarie --- rapporti commerciali --- internationale Finanzbeziehungen --- hospodářské styky --- finanční vztahy --- handelsforbindelse --- ārpolitika --- vanjska politika --- política exterior --- utrikespolitik --- politica estera --- polityka zagraniczna --- εξωτερική πολιτική --- política externa --- Außenpolitik --- politikë e jashtme --- ulkopolitiikka --- външна политика --- buitenlands beleid --- beartas eachtrach --- zunanja politika --- zahraniční politika --- välispoliitika --- politika estera --- užsienio politika --- zahraničná politika --- politică externă --- külpolitika --- надворешна политика --- udenrigspolitik --- politique extérieure --- спољна политика --- buitenlandse zaken --- forbindelse udadtil --- vanjski odnosi --- relações externas --- foreign relations --- externa relationer --- välissuhted --- relation extérieure --- надворешни односи --- marrëdhënie të jashtme --- affari esteri --- ulkosuhteet --- auswärtige Beziehungen --- užsienio reikalai --- zahraniční styky --- vztahy se zahraničím --- buitenlandse politiek --- külkapcsolatok --- auswärtige Angelegenheiten --- negócios estrangeiros --- zahraničné vzťahy --- εξωτερικές σχέσεις --- affaires étrangères --- külügyek --- vztahy s třetí zemí --- надворешни работи --- utrikes ärenden --- relații externe --- relazioni esterne --- relaciones exteriores --- politique étrangère --- punë të jashtme --- attiecības ar ārvalstīm --- ārlietas --- zahraniční vztahy --- užsienio ryšiai --- välisasjad --- buitenlandse betrekkingen --- εξωτερικές υποθέσεις --- asuntos exteriores --- mezinárodní věci --- vzťahy so zahraničím --- ekstern politik --- vanjski poslovi --- foreign affairs --- udenrigsanliggender --- rapporti con l'estero --- ulkoasiat --- terras raras --- terre rare --- Tierras raras --- rijetki zemni metali --- mineral i rrallë --- haruldane muldmetall --- element redke zemlje --- dúil tearc-chré --- vzácná zemina --- редкоземен елемент --- retųjų žemių elementas --- zeldzaam aardmetaal --- Seltenerdmetall --- harvinaiset maametallit --- sjælden jordart --- materjal rari --- terres rares --- ritkaföldfém --- pământuri rare --- vzácne zeminy --- σπάνια γαία  --- retzemju --- ретка земја --- sällsynt jordartsmetall --- ziemie rzadkie --- lantainídeach --- redek zemeljski element --- λανθανίδες --- скандий --- retzemju metāls --- lantanídeo --- scandio --- element de pământuri rare --- zeldzame aarde --- rare earth metal --- Metall der Seltenen Erden --- metall rari --- kovy vzácných zemin --- scandiu --- lantanoid --- retasis metalas --- Scandium --- lanthanid --- rijetki zemni elementi --- kovy vzácnych zemín --- metal i rrallë --- ύττριο --- prvek vzácné zeminy --- metal de las tierras raras --- métaux des terres rares --- ретки земји --- στοιχείο σπάνιων γαιών --- escândio --- kov vzácné zeminy --- metallo delle terre rare --- Lanthanoide --- skandijs --- metal ziem rzadkich --- itriam --- lantánido --- lantanid --- lantanoidas --- ytriu --- itr --- prvok vzácnych zemín --- retasis elementas --- escandio --- metal de terras raras --- REE --- skand --- lantanoīds --- metale ziem rzadkich --- yttrium --- scandium --- lantanoidi --- zeldzaam aardelement --- scaindiam --- élément de terre rare --- itrij --- metal de tip pământuri rare --- métal des terres rares --- ytrium --- rare earth element --- редкоземен метал --- itrijs --- terra rara --- лантанид --- ретки земјени елементи --- итрий --- retųjų žemių metalas --- element mineral i rrallë --- skandij --- skandium --- ittriju --- lantanowce --- skandis --- ítrio --- elemento delle terre rare --- retasis žemės elementas --- sjældent jordartsmetal --- prvky vzácných zemin --- μέταλλα σπάνιων γαιών --- ütrium --- lantanide --- EMRR --- itrio --- lantanīds --- ittrio --- lanthanide --- elemento de terras raras --- itris --- skandju --- Yttrium --- лантаниди --- σκάνδιο --- element rari --- retzemju elements --- metali rijetkih zemalja --- kov vzácnych zemín --- sjældent jordelement --- geopolityka --- ġeopolitika --- geopoliitika --- geopolitika --- Geopolitik --- géopolitique --- geopolitik --- геополитика --- geopolitica --- geopolitiek --- geopolitică --- geopolítica --- γεωπολιτική --- gjeopolitikë --- geopholaitíocht --- ģeopolitika --- geopolitiikka --- Geopolitics --- S09/0264 --- S10/0523 --- Political aspects --- China: Foreign relations and world politics--General works: since 1989 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Power supply (electricity, mining, oil) and computing industry --- metals. --- mineral resources. --- international relations. --- environmental policy. --- aplinkos politika --- vides politika --- milieubeleid --- Umweltpolitik --- keskkonnapoliitika --- política do ambiente --- екологична политика --- okoljska politika --- polityka ochrony środowiska --- politika ambjentali --- политика заштите животне средине --- politica mediului înconjurător --- politika životného prostredia --- környezetvédelmi politika --- miljöpolitik --- politique de l'environnement --- politika okoliša --- politica ambientale --- política de medio ambiente --- politikë mjedisore --- miljøpolitik --- beartas comhshaoil --- περιβαλλοντική πολιτική --- политика за животна средина --- ympäristöpolitiikka --- environmentální politika --- miljøstyring --- starostlivosť o životné prostredie --- gestion de l'environnement --- política medioambiental --- gestione dell'ambiente --- política ambiental --- ochrana a tvorba životního prostředí --- upravljanje okolišem --- politica dell'ambiente --- menaxhim mjedisor --- ympäristöjohtaminen --- vides apsaimniekošana --- környezetpolitika --- miljöförvaltning --- Umweltpflege --- διαχείριση του περιβάλλοντος --- gospodarenje okolišem --- managementul mediului --- környezetgazdálkodás --- a környezet gondozása --- politika ochrany životního prostředí --- keskkonnajuhtimine --- politika na ochranu životního prostředí --- péče o životní prostředí --- gestión del medio ambiente --- politica in materia di ambiente --- environmental management --- aplinkos valdymas --- Umweltschutzpolitik --- gestão do ambiente --- milieubeheer --- mednarodni odnosi --- rahvusvahelised suhted --- tarptautiniai santykiai --- internationella förbindelser --- mezinárodní vztahy --- nemzetközi kapcsolatok --- меѓународни односи --- marrëdhënie ndërkombëtare --- kansainväliset suhteet --- caidreamh idirnáisiúnta --- relazioni internazionali --- међународни односи --- relazzjonijiet internazzjonali --- международни отношения --- relación internacional --- relation internationale --- starptautiskās attiecības --- internationale relationer --- internationale betrekking --- internationale Beziehungen --- διεθνείς σχέσεις --- stosunki międzynarodowe --- medzinárodné vzťahy --- relações internacionais --- relații internaționale --- međunarodni odnosi --- internacionální styky --- államközi kapcsolatok --- internationale forbindelser --- starptautiski sakari --- mezinárodní styky --- zwischenstaatliche Beziehungen --- internationale anliggender --- mineraalivarat --- resurse minerale --- mineralinių žaliavų ištekliai --- rudno bogatstvo --- minerale reserves --- ορυκτός πλούτος --- nerostné zdroje --- zasoby mineralne --- mineraltillgångar --- minerālu resursi --- Bodenschätze --- ásványi nyersanyagok --- mineralne surovine --- mineralressourcer --- nerastné zdroje --- acmhainn mhianrach --- burime minerare --- maavarad --- riżorsi minerali --- рудни богатства --- risorse minerali --- минерални ресурси --- рудна богатства --- ressource minérale --- recurso mineral --- ressource minière --- minerální zdroje --- mineralni izvori --- минерални суровини --- mineralni resursi --- kalnrūpniecības resursi --- рудни ресурси --- recursos minerais --- surovinové zdroje --- disponibilní zdroje --- rersurse miniere --- recurso minero --- minerale bodemrijkdom --- ťažobné zdroje --- kasybos ištekliai --- risorse minerarie --- μεταλλευτικοί πόροι --- mining resources --- kaivosvarannot --- mineralna sirovina --- mineralische Bodenschätze --- burime minerale --- mineralresurser --- ložiska nerud --- metaal --- metall --- métal --- метали --- kovina --- metāli --- kovy --- Metall --- miotail --- fém --- μέταλλα --- metalai --- metalli --- metaller --- metallo --- metal --- metale --- fémek --- metalli pesanti --- metalli leggeri --- metallo comune