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Whenever police officers come into contact with citizens there is a chance that the encounter will digress to one in which force is used on a suspect. Fortunately, most police activities do not involve the use of force. But those that do reflect important patterns of interaction between the officer and the citizen. This book examines those patterns. It begins with a brief survey of prior research, and then goes on to present data and findings. Among the data are the force factor applied - that is, the level of force used relative to suspect resistance - and data on the sequential order of incidents of force. The authors also examine police use of force from the suspect's perspective. In analyzing this data they put forward a conceptual framework, the Authority Maintenance Theory, for examining and assessing police use of force.

Arrest (Police methods) --- Restraint of prisoners --- Police brutality --- Police discretion --- Arrestation (Mesures policières) --- Prisonniers --- Brutalités policières --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire de la police --- Immobilisation --- Arrestation (Mesures policières) --- Brutalités policières --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire de la police --- Social Sciences --- Sociology --- Physical restraint of prisoners --- Prisoner restraint --- Prison discipline --- Arresting --- Police

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Immobihzatron of enzymes, cells, and organelles has expanded greatly in the past 30 years as the advantages of immobilization have been evaluated and utilized in analyttcal, biotransformation, and medical applications. A c- sequence of this explosion of technology IS that there is now a bewildering array of permutations for the immobilization of biological material. The p- pose of Immobilization of Enzymes and Cells is to provrde a basic reference tool for all academic and industrial research workers seeking to start or expand the use of mnnobilization techniques in their work. The book does not aim to provide comprehensive coverage of the vast range of methods available, but will serve as a launch pad for potential users of immobilization techniques. One reason for the vast expanse of mmrobilization technology lies m the subject material to be immobilized. Biological catalysts (enzymes, organelles, and cells) have a high degree of individual variability, and although many tmmobilization techniques have wide applicability, tt is imposstble for one or even a few methods to cater to the great diversity of requirements inherent in biological material. This is especially so when the atm is to produce an op- mum system m which the immobihzed biocatalyst will function at high levels of efficrency, stability, and so on.

Enzymology --- Analytical biochemistry --- Cellule --- cells --- Enzymes --- Immobilisation --- Immobilization --- Enzyme immobilisée --- Immobilized enzymes --- Technologie --- technology --- Immobilized cells --- Methods --- Enzymes, Immobilized --- Biotechnology --- Cells, Immobilized --- Cells --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Investigative Techniques --- Technology --- Immobilized Proteins --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Proteins --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Anatomy --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Biomedical Engineering --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Composition --- Immobilized cells. --- Immobilized enzymes. --- Biotechnology. --- METHODS --- Methodology. --- Philosophy --- Research --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Insoluble enzymes --- Localized enzymes --- Water-insoluble enzymes --- Immobilized proteins --- Cell culture --- Methodology --- Monograph --- Adsorption --- Covalent bond --- Crosslinking --- Encapsulation --- Enzyme immobilization --- Gelation --- Immobilization (biological cell)

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The book outlines recent advances in nuclear wasteform materials including glasses, ceramics and cements and spent nuclear fuel. It focuses on durability aspects and contains data on performance of nuclear wasteforms as well as expected behavior in a disposal environment.

actinides --- corrosion --- modeling --- paper sludge ash --- americium --- geological repository --- seawater --- burnup credit --- spark plasma sintering --- glass composite materials --- spent nuclear fuel --- leaching processes --- zeolite polymer composite fiber --- crystalline ceramics --- glass --- lanthanum --- inorganic synthesis --- durability --- leaching --- layered double hydroxides LDH --- plutonium --- sedimentation --- conditioning --- criticality safety --- uranium --- radionuclide --- sintering --- vitrification --- rare earth elements --- loading curves --- silver iodide --- forward dissolution rate --- caesium phosphomolybdate --- waste form --- fractional release --- alkali borosilicate glass --- immobilisation --- iodine --- lesukite --- geopolymer --- radioactive cesium --- ceramics --- cesium adsorbed --- immobilization --- wasteforms --- secondary phases --- cesium --- safe storage --- borosilicate glass corrosion --- research reactor fuel element U3Si2-Al --- strontium --- in situ fluid-cell Raman spectroscopy --- magnesium potassium phosphate compound --- chlorine --- neodymium --- zirconium molybdate --- heavy ion irradiation --- nuclear waste --- microscopy --- hazardous water