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The general objective of this thesis was to explore the potential of in-situ H2O removal during fuel-related synthesis reactions with focus on in-situ H2O removal by hydrophilic membranes and by chemical reaction. It is demonstrated that in-situ H2O removal through vapour permeation during CO2 hydrogenation to Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons and during DME/DEE synthesis leads to increased conversion and yield levels, which are directly linked to the degree of H2O recovery.

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis --- H2O removal --- membrane reactor --- water gas shift reaction --- CO2 hydrogenation

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This Special Issue on “New Trends in Catalysis for Sustainable CO2 Conversion”, released in the Catalysts open access journal, shows new research about the development of catalysts and catalytic routes for CO2 valorization, in addition to the optimization of the reaction conditions for the process. This issue includes ten articles and three reviews about different innovative processes for CO2 conversion.Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a physical process consisting of the separation the CO2 (emitted by industry and the combustion processes for energy generation) and its transportation to geological storage isolates it from the atmosphere in the long term. However, the most promising routes for CO2 mitigation are those pursuing its catalytic valorization. By applying specific catalysts and suitable operating conditions, CO2 molecules react with other components to form longer chains (i.e., hydrocarbons). Accordingly, effort should be made to catalytically valorize CO2 (alone or co-fed with syngas) as an alternative way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and obtaining high-value fuels and chemicals. Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is a developing field with significant demand for research in the following aspects:The development of new catalysts, catalytic routes, and technologies for CO2 conversion;The study of new processes for obtaining fuels and chemicals from CO2;Optimization of the catalysts and the reaction conditions for these processes;Further steps in advanced processes using CO2-rich feeds (H2+CO2 or CO2 mixed with syngas), increasing product yields.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- carbon dioxide --- hydrogenation --- catalyst --- gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) --- fixed-bed reactor --- CO2–H2O photo-co-processing --- VIS-light driven reactions --- CO2 reduction --- photocatalysts properties --- soft oxidant --- oxidation --- dehydrogenation --- nano-catalyst --- electrochemical reduction of CO2 --- ionic liquids --- propylene carbonate --- imidazolium cation --- greenhouse gas --- climate change --- CO2 decomposition --- CO2 utilization --- SrFeO3−x --- CO2 methanation --- Ni-xSi/ZrO2 --- Si promotion --- oxygen vacancies --- CO2 hydrogenation --- light olefins --- catalyst deactivation --- CO2-Fischer-Tropsch (CO2-FT) --- iron-based catalysts --- methanol to olefins --- bifunctional composite catalysts --- SAPO-34 --- photocatalysis --- carbon-TiO2 --- nanocarbon --- carbon allotropes --- carbon nanotubes --- carbon nanofibers --- carbon nano-onions --- carbon dioxide electrolysis --- molten carbonate --- greenhouse gas mitigation --- cycloaddition --- ionic liquid --- deep eutectic solvents --- onium salt --- homogeneous catalysts --- heterogeneous catalysis --- CO2 conversion --- methane --- hydrocarbons --- iron oxide --- copper nanoparticles --- biomass --- Fischer–Tropsch synthesis --- carbon-supported iron catalyst --- gasoline --- diesel --- n/a --- CO2-H2O photo-co-processing --- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis