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The journalist and politician Edward Baines (1800-90) succeeded his father as editor of the Leeds Mercury and as MP for Leeds. From a dissenting family, he was a social reformer but passionately believed that the state should not interfere in matters such as working hours and education. In this 1835 work, he sees the cotton industry as an exemplar of the unity of 'the manufactory, the laboratory, and the study of the natural philosopher', in making practical use of creative ideas and scientific discoveries. He surveys cotton manufacture from its origins to its 'second birth' in England, and focuses on the current state of machinery, trade and working conditions in all aspects of the business, and its outputs, including cloth, lace, stockings and cotton wool. This comprehensive work was important for its detailed analysis of a vital commercial activity, and remains so today for the historical information it contains.

Cotton manufacture --- Cotton trade --- History. --- Textile industry --- Cotton mills

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Cotton trade --- Cotton growing --- Coton --- Industrie --- Culture --- Cotton manufacture --- Textile industry --- Cotton mills

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History of Europe --- anno 1200-1499 --- Cotton manufacture --- Cotton trade --- History. --- History --- -Cotton manufacture --- -Cotton mills --- Textile industry --- -History --- Cotton mills --- Cotton trade - Europe - History --- Cotton manufacture - Europe - History

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Le « roi coton » joue sans conteste un rôle majeur lors de la première Révolution industrielle. Et dans le Nord de la France, nombreux ont été ceux qui, un siècle et demi durant, ont entrepris de filer, de tisser ou d'imprimer des toiles. Dans ce territoire frontalier de longue tradition textile, le travail de la fibre se greffe là où régnaient en maîtres la laine et le lin. Partant d’une analyse fine de l’attente des consommateurs, Mohamed Kasdi montre comment cette activité s’immisce très tôt dans le travail manufacturier, tant à la ville qu’à la campagne. Produits innovants, changements technologiques, prise de risques financiers, conquête des marchés : dans une économie régionale qui, au fil du xviiie siècle, s’essouffle progressivement, le coton impulse une dynamique renouvelée. Quand surviennent les bouleversements révolutionnaires, ni le dérèglement des circuits commerciaux ni les incertitudes du lendemain ne constituent des freins. Au contraire : nombreux sont ceux qui, fort possessionnés ou gens de peu, prennent des initiatives permettant toutes, à des échelles diverses, de moderniser l’appareil productif. L’Empire, quant à lui, confirme ce qui était en gestation tout en passant au tamis de la conjoncture le bon grain et l’ivraie. Dès lors, seuls, ou presque, survivent ceux qui disposent d’assises solides. Au cours des premières décennies du xixe siècle, méca­nisation et concentration de la main-d’œuvre achèvent la mue du secteur. De grandes dynasties du négoce régional font alors du coton le fer de lance de leur prospérité, modifiant durablement la carte productive : sortant de l’ombre portée de Lille, Roubaix et Tourcoing prennent leur essor en faisant du coton un produit phare.

Cotton trade --- Cotton manufacture --- History --- Cotton mills --- Textile industry --- Histoire économique et sociale --- XVIIIe s.-1830, 1701-1830 --- Coton --- Exploitation économique --- Commerce --- France septentrionale --- coton --- industrialisation --- entrepreneur

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While cotton was a world-changing good in the early modern period, for producers, merchants, and consumers, it was but one of many different fabrics. This volume explores this dichotomy by contextualizing cotton within its contemporary culture of textiles. In doing, it focuses on a long, under-researched region: the German-speaking world, particularly Switzerland, which transformed into one of the most prolific European regions for the production of printed cottons in the eighteenth century. Sixteen contributions investigate the (globally entangled) history of Indiennes, silk, wool, and embroideries, giving new insights into the manufacturing, marketing, and consumption of textiles between 1500 and 1900.

History of Germany and Austria --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Textilwirtschaft. --- Geschichte 1500-1900. --- Deutsches Sprachgebiet. --- Schweiz. --- Cotton manufacture --- Cotton fabrics --- Cotton fabrics. --- Cotton manufacture. --- German-speaking Europe. --- Cotton mills --- Textile industry --- Cotton textiles --- Textile fabrics