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Latin America is a megadiverse territory hosting several hotspots of plant diversity and many types of forest biomes, ecosystems and climate types, from tropical rainforest to semi-arid woodlands. This combination of diverse forests and climates generates multiple responses to ecological changes affecting the structure and functioning of forest ecosystems. Recently, there have been major efforts to improve our understanding of such impacts on ecosystems processes. However, there is a dearth of studies focused on Latin-American forest ecosystems that could provide novel insights into the patterns and mechanisms of ecological processes in response to environmental stress. The abundance of “New World” tree species with dendrochronological potential constitutes an ideal opportunity to improve the ecological state of knowledge regarding these diverse forest types, which are often threatened by several impacts such as logging or conversion to agricultural lands. Thus, detailed information on the dendroecology of these species will improve our understanding of forests in the face of global change. Accordingly, this book identifies numerous relevant ecological processes and scales, ranging from tree species to populations and communities, and from both dendrochronological and dendroecological perspectives. It offers a valuable reference guide for the exploration of long-term ecological interactions between trees and their environmental conditions, and will foster further research and international projects on the continent and elsewhere.

Trees. --- Forest products. --- Forestry management. --- Environmental management. --- Tree Biology. --- Wood Science & Technology. --- Forestry Management. --- Environmental Management. --- Forest ecology --- Forest ecosystems --- Forests and forestry --- Ecology --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Ecosystem management --- Natural resources --- Forest production --- Botany, Economic --- Commercial products --- Raw materials --- Dendrology --- Nursery stock --- Woody plants --- Arboriculture --- Timber --- Administration --- Control --- Gestió forestal --- Arbres --- Amèrica Llatina --- Dendroecologia. --- Dendrologia --- Agricultura --- Botànica --- Plantes --- Plantes llenyoses --- Arbres monumentals --- Arbres ornamentals --- Arbustos --- Bardisses --- Dendroecologia --- Empelts (Agricultura) --- Explotació forestal --- Fusta --- Planters --- Poda --- Tala d'arbres --- Arboricultura --- Arquitectura del paisatge --- Boscos --- Silvicultura --- Administració dels boscos --- Administració forestal --- Desenvolupament forestal --- Gestió dels boscos --- Ordenació dels boscos --- Ordenació forestal --- Gestió dels ecosistemes --- Gestió de recursos naturals --- Conservació dels boscos --- Guardaboscos --- Política forestal --- Amèrica espanyola --- Amèrica hispana --- Hispanoamèrica --- Iberoamèrica --- Llatinoamèrica --- Amèrica --- Dendrocronologia

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Humans are able to identify the causes and disastrous consequences of neglect and exploitation of the forest ecosystems of the earth. Sustaining the world's ecosystems, for our own benefit and for the survival of life on earth, requires a scientific approach based on evidence about forest diversity, structure and dynamics, and appropriate methods of ecological management. .

Forestry. --- Environmental sciences. --- Computer simulation. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Ecology . --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Ecology. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Cities and towns --- City planning --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Regional development --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Landscape protection --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Environmental science --- Science --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Ecology --- Government policy --- Management --- Forest ecology. --- Forest management. --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Forests and forestry --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Ecosystem management --- Forest ecosystems --- Administration --- Control --- Ecologia forestal --- Gestió forestal --- Administració dels boscos --- Administració forestal --- Desenvolupament forestal --- Gestió dels boscos --- Ordenació dels boscos --- Ordenació forestal --- Gestió dels ecosistemes --- Gestió de recursos naturals --- Conservació dels boscos --- Guardaboscos --- Política forestal --- Silvicultura --- Ecologia de boscos --- Ecologia dels boscos --- Ecosistema forestal --- Ecosistemes dels boscos --- Ecosistemes forestals --- Ecologia vegetal --- Ecologia de les selves pluvials --- Ecologia de la capçada --- Meteorologia forestal --- Flora forestal

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This book proposes strategies for improving the resilience and conservation of temperate forests in South America, such that these forests can provide ecosystem services in a sustainable way. As such it contributes to the design of a resilient human-forest model that takes into account the multiculturalism of local communities, in many cases including aspects of ecological economics, development economics and territorial development planning that are related to indigenous peoples or first nations. Further, it provides proposals for public and territorial policies that improve the state of conservation of native forests and forest ecosystems, based on a critical analysis of the economic factors that lead to the degradation of forest ecosystems in South America today. This edition was conceived by members of the Transdisciplinary Research Center for Social and Ecological Strategies for Sustainable Forest Management in South America at the Universidad Austral de Chile. It includes contributions by distinguished researchers from around the world, combining the fields of economics, ecology, biology, anthropology, sociology and statistics. It is not, however, simply a collection of works written by authors from different disciplines, but rather each chapter is in itself transdisciplinary. This approach makes the book a unique contribution to enhancing social, managerial and political approaches to forestry management, helping to protect forest ecosystem services and make them more sustainable. This, in turn, will benefit local communities and society as a whole, by reducing the negative externalities of forestry management and enhancing future opportunities.

Forestry management. --- Natural resources. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Nature conservation. --- Forestry Management. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Nature Conservation. --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Forests and forestry --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Ecosystem management --- Conservation --- Economic aspects --- Management --- Administration --- Control --- Forest conservation --- Conservation of forests --- Forest preservation --- Preservation of forests --- Deforestation --- Conservació dels boscos --- Ecologia forestal --- Gestió ambiental --- Control mediambiental --- Ecogestió --- Gestió del medi ambient --- Gestió ecològica --- Gestió mediambiental --- Ciències ambientals --- Política ambiental --- Gestió de recursos naturals --- Gestió dels ecosistemes --- Sistemes de gestió mediambiental --- Ecologia de boscos --- Ecologia dels boscos --- Ecosistema forestal --- Ecosistemes dels boscos --- Ecosistemes forestals --- Ecologia vegetal --- Ecologia de les selves pluvials --- Ecologia de la capçada --- Meteorologia forestal --- Flora forestal --- Conservació forestal --- Preservació dels boscos --- Conservació dels recursos naturals --- Gestió forestal --- Protecció de les plantes --- Reserves forestals --- Repoblació forestal

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The book is designed to be a textbook for university students (MSc-PhD level) and a reference for researchers and practitioners. It is an introduction to dynamic modelling of forest growth based on ecological theory but aiming for practical applications for forest management under environmental change. It is largely based on the work and research findings of the authors, but it also covers a wide range of literature relevant to process-based forest modelling in general. The models presented in the book also serve as tools for research and can be elaborated further as new research findings emerge. The material in the book is arranged such that the student starts from basic concepts and formulations, then moves towards more advanced theories and methods, finally learning about parameter estimation, model testing, and practical application. Exercises with solutions and hands-on R-code are provided to help the student digest the concepts and become proficient with the methods. The book should be useful for both forest ecologists who want to become modellers, and for applied mathematicians who want to learn about forest ecology. The basic concepts and theory are formulated in the first four chapters, including a review of traditional descriptive forest models, basic concepts of carbon balance modelling applied to trees, and theories and models of tree and forest structure. Chapter 5 provides a synthesis in the form of a core model which is further elaborated and applied in the subsequent chapters. The more advanced theories and methods in Chapters 6 and 7 comprise aspects of competition through tree interactions, and eco-evolutionary modelling, including optimisation and game theory, a topical and fast developing area of ecological modelling under climate change. Chapters 8 and 9 are devoted to parameter estimation and model calibration, showing how empirical and process-based methods and related data sources can be bridged to provide reliable predictions. Chapter 10 demonstrates some practical applications and possible future development paths of the approach. The approach in this book is unique in that the models presented are based on ecological theory and research findings, yet sufficiently simple in structure to lend themselves readily to practical application, such as regional estimates of harvest potential, or satellite-based monitoring of growth. The applicability is also related to the objective of bridging empirical and process-based approaches through data assimilation methods that combine research-based ecological measurements with standard forestry data. Importantly, the ecological basis means that it is possible to build on the existing models to advance the approach as new research findings become available. .

Applied ecology. --- Forestry management. --- Plant ecology. --- Trees. --- Ecology . --- Applied Ecology. --- Forestry Management. --- Plant Ecology. --- Tree Biology. --- Theoretical Ecology/Statistics. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Dendrology --- Nursery stock --- Woody plants --- Arboriculture --- Forests and forestry --- Timber --- Botany --- Plants --- Ecology --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Ecosystem management --- Natural resources --- Environmental protection --- Nature conservation --- Management --- Administration --- Control --- Forest management. --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Floristic ecology --- Ecologia forestal --- Arbres --- Ecologia vegetal --- Aclimatació (Plantes) --- Ecologia --- Al·lelopatia --- Associacions vegetals --- Corredors biològics --- Ecofisiologia vegetal --- Fenologia --- Fitogeografia --- Mecanismes de defensa en les plantes --- Saprofitisme --- Successió vegetal --- Dendrologia --- Agricultura --- Botànica --- Plantes --- Plantes llenyoses --- Arbres monumentals --- Arbres ornamentals --- Arbustos --- Bardisses --- Dendroecologia --- Empelts (Agricultura) --- Explotació forestal --- Fusta --- Planters --- Poda --- Tala d'arbres --- Arboricultura --- Arquitectura del paisatge --- Boscos --- Silvicultura --- Ecologia de boscos --- Ecologia dels boscos --- Ecosistema forestal --- Ecosistemes dels boscos --- Ecosistemes forestals --- Ecologia de les selves pluvials --- Ecologia de la capçada --- Meteorologia forestal --- Flora forestal --- Ecologia de les plantes --- Fitoecologia --- Relacions planta-sòl

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This open access book offers a cross-sectoral reference for both managers and scientists interested in climate-smart forestry, focusing on mountain regions. It provides a comprehensive analysis on forest issues, facilitating the implementation of climate objectives. This book includes structured summaries of each chapter. Funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme, CLIMO has brought together scientists and experts in continental and regional focus assessments through a cross-sectoral approach, facilitating the implementation of climate objectives. CLIMO has provided scientific analysis on issues including criteria and indicators, growth dynamics, management prescriptions, long-term perspectives, monitoring technologies, economic impacts, and governance tools.

Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques --- Conservation of the environment --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- Environmental monitoring --- Analytical chemistry --- Environmental economics --- SDG 15 --- Climate-Smart Forestry --- Open Access --- CLIMO --- Forestry Management --- Life on Land --- Tree Biology --- Boscos --- Silvicultura --- Ecologia de les muntanyes --- Clima de muntanya