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In his inimitable style, Morris untangles the mysteries behind an eclectic range of documentary photographs, from the ambrotype of three children found clasped in the hands of an unknown soldier at Gettysburg to the indelible portraits of the WPA photography project. Each essay in the book presents the reader with a conundrum and investigates the relationship between photographs and the real world they supposedly record. During the Crimean War, Roger Fenton took two nearly identical photographs of the Valley of the Shadow of Death-one of a road covered with cannonballs, the other of the same road without cannonballs. Susan Sontag later claimed that Fenton posed the first photograph, prompting Morris to return to Crimea to investigate. Can we recover the truth behind Fenton's intentions in a photograph taken 150 years ago?In the midst of the Great Depression and one of the worst droughts on record, FDR's Farm Service Administration sent several photographers, including Arthur Rothstein, Dorothea Lange, and Walker Evans, to document rural poverty. When Rothstein was discovered to have moved the cow skull in his now-iconic photograph, fiscal conservatives-furious over taxpayer money funding an artistic project-claimed the photographs were liberal propaganda. What is the difference between journalistic evidence, fine art, and staged propaganda?During the Israeli-Lebanese war in 2006, no fewer than four different photojournalists took photographs in Beirut of toys lying in the rubble of bombings, provoking accusations of posing and anti-Israeli bias at the news organizations. Why were there so many similar photographs? And were the accusers objecting to the photos themselves or to the conclusions readers drew from them?With his keen sense of irony, skepticism, and humor, Morris reveals in these and many other investigations how photographs can obscure as much as they reveal and how what we see is often determined by our beliefs. Part detective story, part philosophical meditation, Believing Is Seeing is a highly original exploration of photography and perception from one of America's most provocative observers.

fotografie --- photography [process] --- documentaire informatie --- Photography --- fotografietheorie --- reportagefotografie --- documentaire fotografie --- fotojournalistiek --- Fenton Roger --- negentiende eeuw --- Gettysburg --- twintigste eeuw --- Verenigde Staten --- FSA --- Rothstein Arthur --- Lange Dorothea --- Evans Walker --- eenentwintigste eeuw --- Libanon --- oorlogsfotografie --- Beiroet --- 77.01 --- 77.044 --- Documentary photography. --- documentary photography --- Documentary photography --- Photographic criticism --- Photography criticism --- Criticism --- Photography, Documentary --- History --- Photographie documentaire --- Photographie et politique --- Photographie --- Photographie documentaire. --- Photographie de guerre. --- Photographie de presse.

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Exploring the ways in which writers utilize the spaces of the city - joining the factual with the imaginary - this book shows how idiosyncratic perceptions of Beirut are produced, generating an infinite number of Beiruts. The city emerges as interactive, dynamic and historical, a place that is created from the streets, buildings, and monuments as well as through performance and social interaction. By referring to factual places in Beirut, the novels produce a strong reality effect through a mimetic mode of expression. Simultaneously, these texts reveal that Beirut is an unstable locale that resists fixity and transparency, shifting between the real and imagined, and the quotidian and discursive. Writing Beirut explores the city in 16 Arabic novels focusing on the urban/rural divide, the imagined and idealized city, the city through panoramic views and pedestrian acts, the city as sexualized and gendered, and the city as a palimpsest. While the book focuses on Beirut in Arabic novels, the introduction provides a thorough overview of Beirut in the modern Arabic novel.Key Features: * Takes an innovative approach to Beirut focusing on the spatial and geographical in a close literary analysis of 16 modern Arabic novels from various parts of the Arab world *Shows how Beirut is imagined in fiction and how writers use the spaces of the city *Draws on sources from the field of geography and space including Foucault, Lefebvre, de Certeau, Sja and Rose

Arabic fiction --- Arabic literature --- Middle Eastern Languages & Literatures --- Languages & Literatures --- History and criticism --- Beirut (Lebanon) --- Beirut --- Beyrout (Lebanon) --- Beyrouth (Lebanon) --- Bejrut (Lebanon) --- Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- Vērytos (Lebanon) --- Baladīyat Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- بيروت (Lebanon) --- Βηρυττός (Lebanon) --- Vēryttos (Lebanon) --- Berytus (Lebanon) --- ביירות (Lebanon) --- Bairut (Lebanon) --- Beyrut (Lebanon) --- Berut (Lebanon) --- Beiroet (Lebanon) --- Beirots (Lebanon) --- Горад Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Horad Beĭrut (Lebanon) --- Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Beirout (Lebanon) --- Βηρυτός (Lebanon) --- Bejruto (Lebanon) --- Béiriút (Lebanon) --- 베이루트 (Lebanon) --- Beirutʻŭ (Lebanon) --- Bewout (Lebanon) --- Beirūta (Lebanon) --- Beirutas (Lebanon) --- Бејрут (Lebanon) --- Бейрут ошсь (Lebanon) --- Beĭrut oshsʹ (Lebanon) --- ベイルート (Lebanon) --- Beirūto (Lebanon) --- Beirot (Lebanon) --- Beirute (Lebanon) --- 贝鲁特 (Lebanon) --- Beilute (Lebanon) --- In literature. --- History and criticism.

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The linguistic categories of aspect, tense and action are closely interrelated. In the first part of Aspect, Tense and Action in the Arabic dialect of Beirut , Stefan Bruweleit defines the three categories and describes the interplay between them at a metagrammatical level. In the next parts he applies the theoretical findings of the first part to the Arabic dialect of Beirut, investigates the ways temporal, aspectual and actional categories are expressed and shows how to decide whether the verb system of the dialect has to be regarded as aspectual or as temporal. One of the main results of the work is the fact that a thorough understanding of a verb system is only possible through an understanding of the categorial interplay of aspect, tense and action.

Arabic language --- Urban dialects --- Semitic languages --- Dialects, Urban --- Urbanisms (Linguistics) --- Cities and towns --- Dialectology --- Language and languages --- Languages in contact --- Sociolinguistics --- Dialects. --- Variation. --- Social aspects. --- Variation --- Beirut (Lebanon) --- Languages. --- Beirut --- Beyrout (Lebanon) --- Beyrouth (Lebanon) --- Bejrut (Lebanon) --- Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- Vērytos (Lebanon) --- Baladīyat Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- بيروت (Lebanon) --- Βηρυττός (Lebanon) --- Vēryttos (Lebanon) --- Berytus (Lebanon) --- ביירות (Lebanon) --- Bairut (Lebanon) --- Beyrut (Lebanon) --- Berut (Lebanon) --- Beiroet (Lebanon) --- Beirots (Lebanon) --- Горад Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Horad Beĭrut (Lebanon) --- Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Beirout (Lebanon) --- Βηρυτός (Lebanon) --- Bejruto (Lebanon) --- Béiriút (Lebanon) --- 베이루트 (Lebanon) --- Beirutʻŭ (Lebanon) --- Bewout (Lebanon) --- Beirūta (Lebanon) --- Beirutas (Lebanon) --- Бејрут (Lebanon) --- Бейрут ошсь (Lebanon) --- Beĭrut oshsʹ (Lebanon) --- ベイルート (Lebanon) --- Beirūto (Lebanon) --- Beirot (Lebanon) --- Beirute (Lebanon) --- 贝鲁特 (Lebanon) --- Beilute (Lebanon)

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Exploring the intersections of visual culture, design and politics in Beirut from the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, this compelling interdisciplinary study critically examines a global conjuncture in Lebanon's history, marked by anticolonial struggle and complicated by a Cold War order. Against a celebratory reminiscence of the 'golden years', Beirut's long 1960s is conceived of as a liminal juncture, an anxious time and space when the city held out promises at once politically radical and radically cosmopolitan. Zeina Maasri examines the transnational circuits that animated Arab modernist pursuits, shedding light on key cultural transformations that saw Beirut develop as a Mediterranean site of tourism and leisure, a nexus between modern art and pan-Arab publishing and, through the rise of the Palestinian Resistance, a node in revolutionary anti-imperialism. Drawing on uncharted archives of printed media this book expands the scope of historical analysis of the postcolonial Arab East.

Art and society --- Modernism (Art) --- Cosmopolitanism --- Design --- Book design --- Decolonization in art. --- Visual communication --- Graphic communication --- Imaginal communication --- Pictorial communication --- Communication --- Design, Book --- Books --- Graphic design (Typography) --- Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Political science --- Internationalism --- Art, Modernist --- Modern art --- Modernism in art --- Modernist art --- Aesthetic movement (Art) --- Art, Modern --- Art --- Art and sociology --- Society and art --- Sociology and art --- Political aspects --- Format --- Social aspects --- Beirut (Lebanon) --- Beirut --- Beyrout (Lebanon) --- Beyrouth (Lebanon) --- Bejrut (Lebanon) --- Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- Vērytos (Lebanon) --- Baladīyat Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- بيروت (Lebanon) --- Βηρυττός (Lebanon) --- Vēryttos (Lebanon) --- Berytus (Lebanon) --- ביירות (Lebanon) --- Bairut (Lebanon) --- Beyrut (Lebanon) --- Berut (Lebanon) --- Beiroet (Lebanon) --- Beirots (Lebanon) --- Горад Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Horad Beĭrut (Lebanon) --- Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Beirout (Lebanon) --- Βηρυτός (Lebanon) --- Bejruto (Lebanon) --- Béiriút (Lebanon) --- 베이루트 (Lebanon) --- Beirutʻŭ (Lebanon) --- Bewout (Lebanon) --- Beirūta (Lebanon) --- Beirutas (Lebanon) --- Бејрут (Lebanon) --- Бейрут ошсь (Lebanon) --- Beĭrut oshsʹ (Lebanon) --- ベイルート (Lebanon) --- Beirūto (Lebanon) --- Beirot (Lebanon) --- Beirute (Lebanon) --- 贝鲁特 (Lebanon) --- Beilute (Lebanon) --- Civilization

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Quartiers "illégaux", "informels", "irréguliers" : les études sur l'urbanisme proche-oriental s'intéressent de plus en plus à ces lieux de la ville où l'habitat contrevient aux règles de la construction et de l'urbanisme. Ces désignations recouvrent en réalité une grande diversité dans les histoires et les enjeux socio-politiques présidant au développement de ces quartiers. Ce livre en étudie un exemple particulièrement révélateur. La banlieue sud-ouest de Beyrouth concentre la grande majorité des quartiers irréguliers du Liban : ceux-ci participent de la stigmatisation sociale de cette périphérie de la capitale, et les grands projets de reconstruction de l'après-guerre ont par ailleurs fait de l'irrégularité urbaine une question d'actualité. Les occupations de terrains pendant la guerre ou encore les extensions des camps de réfugiés sont liées à l'histoire récente du Liban. Mais en se plongeant dans l'histoire foncière des parcelles irrégulièrement construites et occupées, ce livre révèle que leur sort a également été marqué par des ambiguïtés juridiques remontant à l'époque ottomane ou au Mandat français. Cette profondeur historique remet en perspective le phénomène de l'irrégularité foncière. S'ajoutent des histoires particulières, celles de propriétaires plus ou moins bien placés pour protéger leur bien, qui montrent que les stratégies individuelles ou collectives sont souvent un facteur important pour expliquer la localisation et l'ampleur des irrégularités. Plan, réglementation, loi et norme sont des outils majeurs de l'urbanisme. lorsqu'il organise la ville. Aussi l'irrégularité, qu'elle soit définie en termes juridiques (illégalité) ou formels (désordre visible dans l'espace), fonctionne-t-elle comme un remarquable révélateur des tensions qui traversent l'aménagement urbain. Entretiens, enquêtes de terrain, travail sur des archives cartographiques et juridiques ou encore étude du cadastre mettent ici au jour les raisons qui rendent certains lieux...

Slums --- Sociology, Urban --- Beirut (Lebanon) --- Social conditions. --- Urban sociology --- Cities and towns --- Slum clearance --- Housing --- Beirut --- Beyrout (Lebanon) --- Beyrouth (Lebanon) --- Bejrut (Lebanon) --- Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- Vērytos (Lebanon) --- Baladīyat Bayrūt (Lebanon) --- بيروت (Lebanon) --- Βηρυττός (Lebanon) --- Vēryttos (Lebanon) --- Berytus (Lebanon) --- ביירות (Lebanon) --- Bairut (Lebanon) --- Beyrut (Lebanon) --- Berut (Lebanon) --- Beiroet (Lebanon) --- Beirots (Lebanon) --- Горад Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Horad Beĭrut (Lebanon) --- Бейрут (Lebanon) --- Beirout (Lebanon) --- Βηρυτός (Lebanon) --- Bejruto (Lebanon) --- Béiriút (Lebanon) --- 베이루트 (Lebanon) --- Beirutʻŭ (Lebanon) --- Bewout (Lebanon) --- Beirūta (Lebanon) --- Beirutas (Lebanon) --- Бејрут (Lebanon) --- Бейрут ошсь (Lebanon) --- Beĭrut oshsʹ (Lebanon) --- ベイルート (Lebanon) --- Beirūto (Lebanon) --- Beirot (Lebanon) --- Beirute (Lebanon) --- 贝鲁特 (Lebanon) --- Beilute (Lebanon) --- urbanisme --- foncier --- propriété immobilière --- habitat illégal --- banlieue