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Two competing approaches currently dominate the debate about the state and institutions in developing countries. The first projects a picture of transnational, vertical uniformity descending from the West to developing countries and views liberal democracy as "the only game in town." In this view, the state and institutions resemble or ought to resemble those in the West. The second, by contrast, explains political outcomes by local idiosyncrasies and regional variations in institutions. In his original approach to third world politics, S. N. Sangmpam challenges both views by uncovering important similarities in the political features of developing countries. He shows that they share political behaviors and features unaccounted for in either local/idiosyncratic or liberal democratic theories. These behaviors converge toward a common property—overpoliticization—that defies political compromise, leading to an overpoliticized state. Sangmpam provides a wealth of empirical, historical, and quantitative evidence from Latin America, Asia, Africa, and the West and demonstrates the overpoliticized state constitutes the cornerstone of an integrated theory of politics in developing countries.

Developed countries --- Developing countries --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- Politics and government. --- Economic conditions. --- Political science. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The

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History has shown that openness to trade is a key ingredient for economic success and for improved living standards. But simply opening the economy to international trade is not enough. Developing countries – especially the least developed – require help in building their trade-related capacities in terms of information, policies, procedures, institutions and infrastructure, so as to compete effectively in the global economy. Aid for trade aims to help countries overcome the supply-side constraints that inhibit their ability to benefit from market access opportunities. The almost 300 case stories show clear results of how aid-for-trade programmes are helping developing countries to build human, institutional and infrastructure capacity to integrate into regional and global markets and to make good use of trade opportunities. Together, these stories are a rich and varied source of information on the results of aid for trade activities – an indication of the progress achieved by the Aid-for-Trade Initiative.

Development --- Trade --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Economic assistance --- Aid for Trade (Initiative) --- Developing countries --- Developed countries --- Commerce. --- Foreign economic relations --- AfT --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- World Trade Organization --- Western countries --- World Trade Organization.

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Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Aid for Trade (Initiative) --- Developing countries --- Developed countries --- Commerce. --- Foreign economic relations --- AfT --- World Trade Organization --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- World Trade Organization.

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Why do rich countries flirt with fiscal disaster? Between the 1970s and the 2000s, during times of peace and prosperity, affluent countries-like Belgium, Greece, Italy, and Japan-accumulated so much debt that they became vulnerable and exposed themselves to the risk of default. In the past three decades, an extensive scholarly consensus emerged that these problems were created by fiscal indiscipline, the lack of sufficient concern for budgetary constraints from policy makers as they try to please voters. This approach formed the foundation for the fiscal surveillance system that attempted to bring borrowing in European countries under control via a set of fiscal rules. In the Red demonstrates that the problem of sustained, large-scale debt accumulation is an adjustment issue rather than a governance failure. Irrespective of whether the original impetus for borrowing arose from exogenous changes or irresponsible decision making, policy makers invariably initiate spending cuts and/or tax increases when debt grows at an alarming rate for several years in a row. Zsófia Barta argues that explaining why some countries accumulate substantial amounts of debt for decades hinges on understanding the conditions required to allow policy makers to successfully put into place painful adjustment measures.

Debts, Public --- Developed countries --- Developed countries. --- Foreign economic relations. --- Debts, Government --- Government debts --- National debts --- Public debt --- Public debts --- Sovereign debt --- Debt --- Bonds --- Deficit financing --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- Political Science --- Belgium --- Fiscal policy --- Greece --- Gross domestic product --- Ireland --- Italy --- Japan --- Social security

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Les migrations internationales constituent un véritable défi pour le monde contemporain. Bien que le constat ne soit pas nouveau, la croissance des flux dans le contexte actuel géopolitique, économique et environnemental appelle de nouveaux regards. Face à la diversification des destinations, des foyers de départ ou encore des profils des migrants, l’ouvrage privilégie la parole de « l’acteur migrant » et accorde une large place à ses stratégies et ses trajectoires. Sans sous-estimer les déterminants macro-économiques ou géopolitiques, les auteurs éclairent les initiatives des populations en migration et révèlent l’épaisseur sociale de leurs expériences. Ils mettent l’accent sur les logiques des organisations collectives et des réseaux sociaux, sur le rôle des migrants dans le développement ou encore sur les dynamiques culturelles associées au fait migratoire. Selon une perspective pluridisciplinaire, et à partir d’exemples africains, sud-américains ou asiatiques, l’ouvrage met en valeur la construction de nouveaux territoires de mobilité et montre la diversité des trajectoires migratoires depuis les pays du Sud vers ceux du Nord mais aussi, et de plus en plus, entre pays du Sud.

Emigration and immigration --- Emigration et immigration --- Government policy --- Politique gouvernementale --- Developing countries --- Developed countries --- Emigration and immigration. --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- flux migratoire --- agriculture --- travailleur migrant --- développement --- frontière --- urbanisation --- diaspora --- migration internationale --- territoire