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This monograph demonstrates why humanism began in Italy in the mid-thirteenth century. It considers Petrarch a third generation humanist, who christianized a secular movement. The analysis traces the beginning of humanism in poetry and its gradual penetration of other Latin literary genres, and, through stylistic analyses of texts, the extent to which imitation of the ancients produced changes in cognition and visual perception. The volume traces the link between vernacular translations and the emergence of Florence as the leader of Latin humanism by 1400 and why, limited to an elite in the fourteenth century, humanism became a major educational movement in the first decades of the fifteenth. It revises our conception of the relationship of Italian humanism to French twelfth-century humanism and of the character of early Italian humanism itself. This publication has also been published in hardback, please click here for details.

Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- Rhetoric, Ancient --- Humanism in literature. --- Humanists --- History and criticism. --- Classical influences. --- Study and teaching --- History --- Humanism in literature --- Humanisme dans la littérature --- Humanisme in de literatuur --- 873.4 --- 930.85.46 --- -Humanists --- -Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- -Rhetoric, Ancient --- -930.85.46 Cultuurgeschiedenis: Humanisme --- Cultuurgeschiedenis: Humanisme --- 873.4 Humanistisch Latijnse literatuur --- Humanistisch Latijnse literatuur --- Classical languages --- Greek language --- Greek rhetoric --- Latin language --- Latin rhetoric --- Scholars --- Classical influences --- History and criticism --- -History --- Rhetoric --- Bruni, Leonardo --- Lovati, Lovato de --- France --- Italy --- Intellectual life --- -Intellectual life --- -873.4 --- -Humanism in literature --- Ciceronianism --- Humanisme dans la littérature --- Littérature latine médiévale et moderne --- Cicéronianisme --- Lovati, Lovato de, --- Mussato, Albertino, --- Petrarca, Francesco, --- Salutati, Coluccio, --- Bruni, Leonardo, --- Criticism and Interpretation --- Ancient rhetoric --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Włochy --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Iṭalyah --- Italia --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- إيطاليا --- Īṭāliyā --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Італія --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Италия --- Италианска република --- Italianska republika --- Ιταλία --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- 이탈리아 --- It'allia --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Olaszország --- Olasz Köztársaság --- イタリア --- Itaria --- イタリア共和国 --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Italiya Respublikasi --- Италия Республикаси --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Итальянская Республика --- Італійська Республіка --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- איטאליע --- Iṭalye --- 意大利 --- Yidali --- 意大利共和国 --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Laško --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- 930.85.46 Cultuurgeschiedenis: Humanisme --- Leonardus Aretinus --- Brunus Aretinus, Leonardus --- Brunus, Leonardus --- Latin literature [Medieval and modern ] --- Rhetoric [Ancient ] --- To 1500 --- 1268-1559 --- 873.4 Humanist Latin literature --- Humanist Latin literature --- Criticism and Interpretation. --- Aretinus, Leonardus --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern - Italy - History and criticism. --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern - France - History and criticism. --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern - Classical influences. --- Rhetoric, Ancient - Study and teaching - History - To 1500. --- Humanists - France. --- Humanists - Italy.

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How do we take stock of the state and direction of the world’s environment, and what can we learn from the experience? Among the myriad detailed narratives about the condition of the planet, the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) reports—issued by the United Nations Environment Programme—stand out as the most ambitious. For nearly three decades the GEO project has not only delivered iconic global assessment reports, but through its multitude of contributors has inspired hundreds of similar processes worldwide from the regional to the local level. This book provides an inside account of the evolution of the GEO project from its earliest days. Building on meticulous research, including interviews with former heads of the United Nations Environment Programme, diplomats, leading contributing scientists, and senior leaders of collaborating organizations, the story is told from the perspective of five GEO veterans who all played a pivotal role in shaping the periodic assessments. The GEO’s history provides striking insights and will save valuable time to those who commission, design and conduct, as well as critique and improve, assessments of environmental development in the next decade.

Ecology. --- Environmental impact analysis. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Global environmental change. --- SCIENCE / Environmental Science (see also Chemistry / Environmental). --- Sustainable development, Environment, Assessment, Outlook, Policy interface, Global. --- Environmental change, Global --- Global change, Environmental --- Global environmental changes --- Change --- Ecology --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Analysis of environmental impact --- Environmental assessment --- Environmental impact assessment --- Environmental impact evaluation --- Impact analysis, Environmental --- Environmental auditing --- Environmental monitoring --- Environmental protection --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Climatic changes