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Freemasonry is generally regarded a male phenomenon. Yet, both before 1723 and since 1744, women were initiated as well. This book is about the rituals, used for the initiation of women in the Adoption Lodges, since the middle of the 18th century. It describes their contents, roots and creation before reviewing and conceptualising their development in the past three centuries. It analyses the different families of rituals within the Adoption Rite, and gives an overview of specific developments, showing how the rituals were adapted to their changing contexts. Apart from its relevance for the history of Freemasonry in general and the Adoption Rite in particular, the book also writes a hitherto unknown chapter of women’s history. Of particular interest for the history of feminism is the chapter about the 20th century, which could only be written now that the documents concerning it, which had been moved to Moscow in 1945, had been returned in 2000.

Women and freemasonry. --- Freemasonry --- Rituals. --- Femmes et franc-maçonnerie --- Franc-maçonnerie --- Rituel --- Geschichte.

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Women have been structurally part of the masonic enterprise from at least the middle of the 18th century. Yet, little is known about the ways in which they themselves obtained and exercised power to influence the systems they were involved in, in order to adapt them to be more appropriate to their needs. This volume intends to concentrate on two aspects: Women’s agency (i.e. the power women gained and exercised in this context) and rituals (i.e. the role of men and women in changing and shaping the rituals women work with). These two aspects are closely related, since it requires some agency to realise changes in existing rituals.

Freemasonry --- Women and freemasonry. --- Rituals. --- Femmes et franc-maçonnerie --- Franc-maçonnerie --- Rituel --- Frau --- Freimaurerei --- Ritual --- Geschichte

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Volume one of Theorizing Rituals assembles 34 leading scholars from various countries and disciplines working within this field. The authors review main methodological and meta-theoretical problems (part I) followed by some of the classical issues (part II). Further chapters discuss main approaches to theorizing rituals (part III) and explore some key analytical concepts for theorizing rituals (part IV). The volume is provided with extensive indices.

Rites and ceremonies --- Ritual --- 291 <01> --- 291.3 --- Cult --- Cultus --- Liturgies --- Public worship --- Symbolism --- Worship --- Ritualism --- Ceremonies --- Ecclesiastical rites and ceremonies --- Religious ceremonies --- Religious rites --- Rites of passage --- Traditions --- Manners and customs --- Mysteries, Religious --- Godsdienstwetenschap: vergelijkend--Bibliografieën. Catalogi --- Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus liturgie --- Ritual. --- 291.3 Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus liturgie --- Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus; liturgie --- 291.3 Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus; liturgie --- Rituel