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Where have emoji come from? Why are they so popular? What do they tell us about the technology-enhanced state of modern society? Far from simply being an amusing set of colourful little symbols, emoji are in the front line of a revolution in the way we communicate. As a form of global, image-based communication, they're a perfect example of the ingenuity and creativity at the heart of human interaction. But they're also a parable for the way that consumerism now permeates all parts of our daily existence, taking a controlling interest even in the language we use; and of how technology is becoming ever more entangled in our everyday lives. So how will this split-identity affect the way that online communication develops? Are emoji ushering in a bold new era of empathy and emotional engagement on the internet? Or are they a first sign that we're handing over the future of human interaction to the machines?

Emojis. --- Communication -- Technological innovations. --- Symbolism in communication. --- Communication --- Technological innovations. --- Émojis. --- Symbolism in communication --- Interpersonal communication --- Technological innovations --- Communication - Technological innovations --- Interpersonal communication. --- Émojis.

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Online social networks. --- Online identities. --- Social media. --- Sociale netwerken --- Sociale media en identiteit --- Sociale media --- Online identiteit --- Taalgebruik op sociale media --- Discourse analysis. --- discoursanalyse --- Mass communications --- Sociology of culture --- Sociale netwerken. --- Sociale media en identiteit. --- Online identiteit. --- Taalgebruik op sociale media. --- discoursanalyse.

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This book investigates the relationship between English and personal and national development, as this is both discursively promoted (particularly through language policy) and practically realized in developing societies. It addresses the effects that the increased use of English and the promotion of English-language education are having in developmental contexts, and their impact on broader educational issues, on local language ecologies and on questions of cultural identity. It investigates these issues by drawing together a series of original examinations and case studies by a range of leading scholars working in this burgeoning field. The chapters focus on a variety of contexts from around the world, and the volume as a whole surveys and critiques the positioning and influence of English as a catalyst for development in the 21st century.

Language policy --- English language --- Language and languages --- Study and teaching. --- Study and teaching --- Globalization. --- Variation. --- Political aspects. --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Government policy --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Germanic languages --- Dialects --- Globalization --- Variation --- Political aspects --- E-books --- English language Study and teaching --- Language and languages Political aspects --- English as a lingua franca. --- English language education. --- English language teaching. --- English-medium instruction. --- cultural identity. --- globalisation. --- globalization. --- international development. --- language development. --- language policies. --- local language ecologies.

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This book explores communication on Facebook, developing the new theoretical concept of context design as a way of understanding the dynamics of online interaction. Against a backdrop of fake news and other controversies surrounding online political debate, the authors focus on inadvertent acts of offence on Facebook; that is, when users of the site unwittingly offend or are offended by the airing of political or religious views, or of opinions deemed racist or sexist. Drawing on a survey of Facebook users, they explain why instances of offence occur and what users report doing in response. They argue that Facebook users contribute to the construction of a particular social space, one that is characterised by online conviviality and a belief that Facebook is not the place for serious debate. These views in turn shape the kind of political debate that can take place on the site. This thought-provoking book will appeal to scholars and students of applied linguistics, and anyone interested in the role of social media in contemporary political and social life.

Online social networks. --- Facebook (Firm) --- Communication. --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- Applied linguistics. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Discourse analysis. --- Social media. --- Applied Linguistics. --- Discourse Analysis. --- Social Media. --- Media and Communication. --- User-generated media --- Communication --- User-generated content --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects