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This report focuses on the civic aspects of video game play among youth. According to a 2006 survey, 58 percent of young people aged 15 to 25 were civically "disengaged," meaning that they participated in fewer than two types of either electoral activities (defined as voting, campaigning, etc.) or civic activities (for example, volunteering). Kahne and his coauthors are interested in what role video games may or may not play in this disengagement.Until now, most research in the field has considered how video games relate to children's aggression and to academic learning. Digital media scholars suggest, however, that other social outcomes also deserve attention. For example, as games become more social, some scholars argue that they can be important spheres in which to foster civic development. Others disagree, suggesting that games, along with other forms of Internet involvement, may in fact take time away from civic and political engagement.Drawing on data from the 2006 survey, the authors examine the relationship between video game play and civic development. They call for further research on teen gaming experiences so that we can understand and promote civic engagement through video games.

Video games --- Video games and teenagers --- Youth --- Teenagers and video games --- Teenagers --- Television games --- Videogames --- Electronic games --- Young people --- Young persons --- Youngsters --- Youths --- Age groups --- Life cycle, Human --- Social aspects --- Political activity --- Social networks --- EDUCATION/Digital Media & Learning --- GAME STUDIES/Games in Education --- SOCIAL SCIENCES/Media Studies --- Computer games --- Internet games --- Games --- Impact of science and technology on society --- Educational equipment and technology, computer-aided learning (CAL)

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The eighteenth century is often viewed as the heroic age of the British iron industry - a time of triumphant technological progress. In fact, it was an age of thwarted ambition, when the take-up of new technologies proved frustratingly slow. The eighteenth century was more accurately the age of Baltic iron. Swedish and Russian iron surged onto the British market, meeting the demand that British ironmasters could not satisfy. This was of epochal importance: Swedish iron allowed British steel makers and hardware manufacturers to dominate Atlantic markets. In turn, the rhythms of Atlantic commerce resounded through peasant communities in Sweden. Baltic iron in the Atlantic world captures this moment. In doing so it internationalises Swedish history in a radical way and presses an oceanic perspective on the traditionally insular view of the rise of heavy industry in Britain.

Iron industry and trade -- Great Britain -- History -- 18th century. --- Iron industry and trade -- Russia -- History -- 18th century. --- Iron industry and trade -- Sweden -- History -- 18th century. --- Iron industry and trade --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- History --- Ferrous metal industries --- Metal trade --- Steel industry and trade --- Metaalindustrie. --- Atlantisch gebied. --- Baltische landen. --- Modern history to 20th century: c 1700 to c 1900

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Ce livre est le fruit d’un colloque international tenu au Musée des arts et métiers grâce au soutien de nombreuses institutions internationales et nationales, en particulier le CNRS, le CDHTE/Cnam et l’Université Paris 8. Il a réuni des historiens, des archéologues et des archéomètres autour de ce matériau complexe qu’est l’acier avant l’ère de la production industrielle massive. Le cadre chronologique est donc celui des longues durées, de l’Antiquité au premier XIXe siècle. L’ouvrage s’articule autour de trois thèmes. Il s’ouvre par des définitions de l’acier en un temps où ce matériau n’avait pas été encore analysé selon les critères scientifiques contemporains. Dans ce domaine, l’apport récent de l’archéométrie et de l’archéologie, confronté aux terminologies d’usage comme aux traités savants, d’Aristote à Réaumur, offre une compréhension diachronique, tant scientifique que technique, d’un matériau dont la singularité frappe ses usagers depuis l’Antiquité. L’ouvrage se poursuit par une présentation des procédés de fabrications. Leur diversité illustra le foisonnement des modes opératoires qui parfois coexistent malgré des ruptures techniques majeures. Le Moyen Âge et les Temps modernes, périodes de différenciation des matières, des produits et des techniques, ont concentré l’attention des auteurs. Enfin, une large place a été consacrée aux marchés et aux usages de l’acier. Les différents procédés répondent à des logiques d’adaptation des matériaux aux besoins, aux contraintes et aux opportunités commerciales. Ouvrir le dossier de l’acier avant Bessemer, c’est finalement poser de façon neuve la question de l’entreprise et de la rationalité technique

Steel --- Steelwork --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Acier --- Travail de l'acier --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- History --- Congresses --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Metallurgy --- Iron --- Steel work --- Working of steel --- Metal-work --- acier --- histoire --- industrie