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Barbarism and civilization form one of the oldest and most rigid oppositions in Western history. According to this dichotomy, barbarism functions as the negative standard through which "civilization" fosters its self-definition and superiority by labeling others "barbarians." Since the 1990's, and especially since 9/11, these terms have become increasingly popular in Western political and cultural rhetoric—a rhetoric that divides the world into forces of good and evil. This study intervenes in this recent trend and interrogates contemporary and historical uses of barbarism, arguing that barbarism also has a disruptive, insurgent potential. Boletsi recasts barbarism as a productive concept, finding that it is a common thread in works of literature, art, and theory. By dislodging barbarism from its conventional contexts, this book reclaims barbarism's edge and proposes it as a useful theoretical tool.
Civilization. --- Barbarism --- Civilisation --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Culture --- World Decade for Cultural Development, 1988-1997 --- Civilization
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The figure of the barbarian has captivated the Western imagination from Greek antiquity to the present. Since the 1990s, the rhetoric of civilization versus barbarism has taken center stage in Western political rhetoric and the media. But how can the longevity and popularity of this opposition be accounted for? Why has it become such a deeply ingrained habit of thought that is still being so effectively mobilized in Western discourses? The twenty essays in this volume revisit well-known and obscure chapters in barbarism's genealogy from new perspectives and through contemporary theoretical idioms. With studies spanning from Greek antiquity to the present, they show how barbarism has functioned as the negative outside separating a civilized interior from a barbarian exterior; as the middle term in-between savagery and civilization in evolutionary models; as a repressed aspect of the civilized psyche; as concomitant with civilization; as a term that confuses fixed notions of space and time; or as an affirmative notion in philosophy and art, signifying radical change and regeneration. Proposing an original interdisciplinary approach to barbarism, this volume includes both overviews of the concept's travels as well as specific case studies of its workings in art, literature, philosophy, film, ethnography, design, and popular culture in various periods, geopolitical contexts, and intellectual traditions. Through this kaleidoscopic view of the concept, it recasts the history of ideas not only as a task for historians, but also literary scholars, art historians, and cultural analysts.
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Subjects Barbarian, Monstrous, and Wild responds to a contemporary political climate in which historically invested figures of otherness—barbarians, savages, monsters—have become common discursive currency. Through questionable historical comparisons, politicians and journalists evoke barbaric or primitive forces threatening civilization in order to exacerbate the fear of others, diagnose civilizational decline, or feed nostalgic restorative projects. These evocations often demand that forms of oppression, discrimination, and violence be continued or renewed. In this context, the collected essays explore the dispossessing effects of these figures but also their capacities for reimagining subjectivity, agency, and resistance to contemporary forms of power. Emphasizing intersections of the aesthetic and the political, these essays read canonical works alongside contemporary literature, film, art, music, and protest cultures. They interrogate the violent histories but also the subversive potentials of figures barbarous, monstrous, or wild, while illustrating the risks in affirmative resignifications or new mobilizations. Contributors: Sophie van den Bergh, Maria Boletsi, Siebe Bluijs, Giulia Champion, Cui Chen, Tom Curran, Andries Hiskes, Tyler Sage, Cansu Soyupak, Ruby de Vos, Mareen Will
Arts --- Arts and society. --- Arts and sociology --- Society and the arts --- Sociology and the arts --- Political aspects. --- Social aspects
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De lichtheid van literatuur' is een warm pleidooi voor de maatschappelijke relevantie van literatuur. De auteurs betogen tegen de gangbare retoriek in dat literatuur een onmisbare rol kan spelen in het debat over de multiculturele samenleving en dat dankzij haar vermogen om complexiteit onder woorden te brengen. De gebruikelijke discussies over multiculturalisme draaien om versimpeling. Bepaalde themas en retorische strategieën keren voortdurend terug: het thema van bedreiging en ondergang, het verlangen naar onschuld en culturele stereotyperingen, zoals de volksmens en de barbaar. Met behulp van internationale wetenschappelijke analyses geeft dit boek een inzicht in de achtergronden en effecten van die riskante denkwijzen. Is er dan een alternatief voor het hedendaagse populisme en de versimpeling? De auteurs van 'De lichtheid van literatuur' menen van wel. Literatuur gebruikt namelijk een bijzondere taal om de multiculturele werkelijkheid te verbeelden, een taal die figuratief is en meervoudige betekenissen oplevert. Vanuit enkele literaire voorbeelden formuleren de auteurs een nieuwe visie op de multiculturele samenleving, waarin de complexiteit van taal, verbeelding en werkelijkheid centraal staan. Als docent werken de auteurs van dit boek dagelijks met jongeren die sterk geïnteresseerd zijn in literatuur en complexiteit.
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