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"Differential Geometry from a Singularity Theory Viewpoint provides a new look at the fascinating and classical subject of the differential geometry of surfaces in Euclidean spaces. The book uses singularity theory to capture some key geometric features of surfaces. It describes the theory of contact and its link with the theory of caustics and wavefronts. It then uses the powerful techniques of these theories to deduce geometric information about surfaces embedded in 3, 4 and 5-dimensional Euclidean spaces. The book also includes recent work of the authors and their collaborators on the geometry of sub-manifolds in Minkowski spaces."--

Surfaces --- Singularities (Mathematics) --- Geometry, Differential. --- Curvature. --- Calculus --- Curves --- Differential geometry --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Surface area --- Areas and volumes.

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This book is a compilation of articles by experts on the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, many of which are full of data-based evidence from basic research perspectives or patient data.

70-kDa heat shock proteins --- gingival crevicular fluid --- heat shock protein --- periodontitis --- periodontal disease --- diabetes --- diabetic retinopathy --- bleeding on probing --- probing pocket depth --- fasting blood sugar --- carotid artery calcification --- alveolar bone loss --- computed tomography --- panoramic radiographs --- aspiration pneumonia --- chronic periodontitis --- Porphyromonas gingivalis --- proinflammatory cytokines --- TLR2 --- epidemiological index --- item response theory --- oral examination --- diagnosis --- Mfa1 --- Toll-like receptors --- gingival fibroblast --- azithromycin --- human gingival fibroblast --- human periodontal ligament fibroblast --- IL-6 --- IL-8 --- MMP-1 --- MMP-2 --- chewing ability --- infection --- inflammation --- periodontal medicine --- Gan-Lu-Yin --- herbal medicine --- osteoclastogenesis --- periodontal diseases --- periodontal pocket --- health status indicators --- periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) --- rheumatoid arthritis --- tocilizumab --- periodontal inflamed surface area --- periodontal pathogen --- mixed effect modeling --- follow-up study --- Low reactive Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) --- human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) --- microarray --- differentially gene expression (DEGs) --- gene ontology --- biological processes (BP) --- protein–protein interaction (PPI)

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This e-book presents a selection of papers focused on some novel aspects of electrodeposited coatings, in particular for medical applications. The biocoatings applied for surface modification of load-bearing implants are still being developed, especially for titanium implants, for which hundreds and thousands of possible technical solutions have been proposed using different techniques and materials. This book is a collection of papers that demonstrate appropriate attempts using various electrodeposition methods. The specific objectives are different, with several looking for improved bioactivity, another for antibacterial properties, and another for increased adhesion on the helix lines on dental implants. The e-book starts with a paper on the methodic development of electrodes for electrowinning. This is followed by paper on the real performance of the surface of dental implants, a subject not often addressed. The next paper focuses on electro-oxidation: a novel two-stage oxidation method, characteristic of the oxide layer on helix line of a model dental implant, and micro-arc oxidation of 3D printed titanium. The last paper focuses on coatings, describing the carbon nanotubes- (hydroxyapatite, chitosan), Eudragit-, and Fe-containing coatings. The e-book concludes with a review of all electrodeposition methods. It is a collection of papers describing novel results in electrodeposition biocoatings, which will be of interest for many scholars and researchers

hardness --- adhesion --- hydroxyapatite --- carbon nanotubes --- titanium --- biomedical applications --- chitosan --- Eudragit --- electrophoretic deposition --- nanoindentation --- pH-sensitive coatings --- wettability --- titanium alloys --- electrochemical oxidation --- nanotubular oxide layers --- microstructure --- nanomechanical properties --- corrosion resistance --- antibacterial protection --- cytotoxicity --- micro-arc oxidation --- composite oxide coatings --- properties --- coatings --- electrocathodic deposition --- plasma electrochemical oxidation --- electro-spark deposition --- electro-discharge deposition --- bioactivity --- antibacterial efficiency --- mechanical strength --- metal foam --- surface area --- electrowinning --- Cu electrodeposition --- EIS --- double electric layer capacitance --- dental implants --- corrosion --- ringer’s solution --- artificial saliva --- titanium oxide layers --- inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) --- magnesium alloy --- iron --- degradation resistance --- cytocompatibility --- nanotubular oxide --- helix surfaces --- roughness --- corrosion properties --- n/a --- ringer's solution

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The formulation of coated composite materials is an important field of research around the world today. Coated composite materials include inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. These materials are formulated by an amalgamate minimum of two or more materials that accommodate different properties. These materials have a vast field of appealing applications that encourage scientists to work on them. Due to their unique properties, such as their strength, liability, swiftness, and low cost, they are used as promising candidates for reliable applications in various fields, such as biomedical, engineering, energy devices, wastewater treatment, and agriculture. Different types of composite materials have had a noticeable impact in these fields already, such as glass, plastic, and, most promisingly, metal oxide nanoparticles.

6H-SiC --- Cu-Sn alloy --- ion implantation --- wettability --- interface --- nanoparticles --- dyes --- catalysis --- reduction --- glass/Kevlar --- hybrid composites --- hand layup --- epoxy --- hardener --- tensile --- hardness shore D --- water absorption --- density --- peel --- ratio --- Al2O3-Cr2O3 composite --- consolidation behavior --- microstructure --- mechanical properties --- thermal shock resistance --- ammonia electro-oxidation --- cyclic voltammetry --- electrochemical surface area (ECSA) --- electrocatalysts --- nanocomposites --- infrared detector --- resonant cavity --- energy applications --- absorptance --- Ce–Cu oxide --- co-precipitation --- photocatalyst --- dye degradation --- CuO/γ-Al2O3 --- ammonia electro-oxidation (AEO) --- nanocomposite structure --- XRD --- photoluminescence --- rare earth element REE --- heterogeneous catalysis --- perovskite --- CH3NH3PbI3 --- solar cells --- polysilane --- decaphenylcyclopentasilane --- stability --- chlorobenzene --- calculation --- Raman scattering --- lead-free --- NBT–BMN --- weight loss --- dielectric --- piezoelectric ceramics --- bimetallic nanoparticles --- kinetics --- antioxidant studies --- catalytic activity

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The reprint book of the “Remote Sensing of Snow and Its Applications” Special Issue provides recent studies on all aspects of remote sensing of snow, from retrieving the data to the application. These studies mainly address the following: (a) New opportunities (Copernicus Sentinels) and emerging remote sensing methods, (b) use of snow data in modeling, and (c) characterization of snowpack.

near-infrared reflectance --- specific surface area --- spectrometer --- snow microstructure --- aerodynamic roughness length --- terrestrial lidar --- snow surface topography --- wind profile --- snow energy balance --- snow accumulation --- snow cover --- snow depletion curve --- MODIS --- data assimilation --- land surface model --- COST Action ES1404 --- HarmoSnow --- snow measurements --- snow models --- remote sensing --- snow --- SWE --- LWC --- run-off modelling --- hydropower application --- GNSS --- EO --- snow cover duration --- persistent and intermittent snow --- optical remote sensing --- northern Mongolia --- SAR --- transient snowline --- annual AAR --- mass balance --- Rofental glaciers --- fractional snow cover --- terrestrial photography --- cold regions --- Sentinel-2 --- H-SAF --- webcam photography --- snow parameters --- spatial and temporal variability of snow --- snow hydrology --- integration of remote sensing with models (hydrological --- land surface --- meteorological and climate)