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With this study the cattle guard joins the sod house, the windmill, and barbed wire as a symbol of range country on the American Great Plains. A U.S. folk innovation now in use throughout the world, the cattle guard functions as both a gate and a fence: it keeps livestock from crossing, but allows automobiles and people to cross freely. The author blends traditional history and folklore to trace the origins of the cattle guard and to describe how, in true folk fashion, the device in its simplest form—wooden poles or logs spaced in parallel fashion over a pit in the roadway—was reinvented and adapted throughout livestock country.Hoy traces the origins of the cattle guard to flat stone stiles unique to Cornwall, England, then through the railroad cattle guard, in use in this country as early as 1836, and finally to the Great Plains where, probably in 1905, the first ones appeared on roads. He describes regional variations in cattle guards and details unusual types. He provides information on cattleguard makers, who range from local blacksmiths and welders to farmers and ranchers to large manufacturers.In addition to documenting the economic and cultural significance of the cattle guard, this volume reveals much about early twentiethcentury farm and ranch life. It will be of interest not only to folklorists and historians of agriculture and Western America, but also to many Plainsarea farmers, ranchers, and oilmen.
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Rural spaces are connected with different cultural, economic, social and political codes and meanings. In this book these meanings are analysed trough gender. The articles concretely show the process of producing gender and the ways in which accepted gender-based behaviour has been constructed at different times and in different groups. Discussion of gendered spaces leads to wider questions such as power relations and displacement in society. The changing rural processes are analysed on the micro level, and the focus is set on how these changes affect people’s everyday lives. Answers are looked for questions like how are individuals responding to these changes? What are their strategies, solutions and tactics? How have they experienced the change process?
Collected biographies --- Humanities --- Rural communities --- Gender studies, gender groups --- Education
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The future of West Africa depends on the capacity of its agriculture to ensure the food security of the population, which should double in the next 20 years, while facing up to the new risks resulting from climate warming. Indeed, the changes in temperature and precipitations already operating and that should become more marked will have serious effects on agricultural production and water resources in this part of Africa in the near future. One of the keys to meeting this new challenge is the adaptation of rural societies to climate risks. To gain better knowledge of the potential, processes and barriers, this book analyses recent and ongoing trends in the climate and the environment and examines how rural societies perceive and integrate them: what are the impacts of these changes, what vulnerabilities are there but also what new opportunities do they bring? How do the populations adapt and what innovations do they implement—while the climate-induced effects interact with the social, political, economic and technical changes that are in motion in Africa? By associating French and African scientists (climatologists, agronomists, hydrologists, ecologists, demographers, geographers, anthropologists, sociologists and others) in a multidisciplinary approach, the book makes a valuable contribution to better anticipation of climatic risks and the evaluation of African societies to stand up to them.
Economics --- Environmental Studies --- agriculture --- changement climatique --- société rurale --- risque climatique --- climatic change --- risk --- rural communities
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This Methodological Guide is the result of the participatory processes carried out from the university extension with the communities of the Canton of Naranjo. It seeks to guide in a pedagogical way, the various processes that the communities must develop within the groups, which lead the community processes in the field of rural roads.
Transport infrastructure --- Rural communities --- Community participation --- Resource management --- Guides --- Legislation --- Roads --- Local government
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In recent decades, globalization has transformed rural societies and economies across the world. Much has been written by social scientists about the actors and structures underpinning these transformations and the effects on particular social groups, organizations and industries. Yet, to date much less attention has been given to the specific global processes that are fundamental to contemporary rural change. Rural Change and Global Processes provides a systematic analysis of the key global processes transforming rural spaces in the early 21st century financialization; standardization; consumption, and commodification. Through detailed case studies, the book examines why these processes are important, how they work in practice, and the challenges they raise as well as opportunities created. The book will be of particular relevance to researchers, graduate students, and policy-makers interested in the implications of global processes for rural people and livelihoods.
Sociology, Rural. --- Rural sociology --- Sociology --- Globalization --- Rural population. --- Social Science --- Rural communities. --- Economic aspects. --- Rural. --- Agricultural population --- Farm population --- Population --- Sociology, Rural
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First published in 1947, In Due Season broke new ground with its fictional representation of women and of Indigenous people. Set during the dustbowl 1930s, this tersely narrated prize-winning novel follows Lina Ashley, a determined solo female homesteader who takes her family from drought-ridden southern Alberta to a new life in the Peace River region. Here her daughter Poppy grows up in a community characterized by harmonious interactions between the local Métis and newly arrived European settlers. Still, there is tension between mother and daughter when Poppy becomes involved with a Métis lover. This novel expands the patriarchal canon of Canadian prairie fiction by depicting the agency of a successful female settler and, as noted by Dorothy Livesay, was "one of the first, if not the first Canadian novel wherein the plight of the Native Indian and the Métis is honestly and painfully recorded." The afterword by Carole Gerson and Janice Dowson provides substantial information about author Christine van der Mark and situates her under-acknowledged book within the contexts of Canadian social, literary, and publishing history.
Alberta literature. --- Canadian fiction. --- Canadian women writers. --- Great Depression. --- Indigenous communities. --- Métis in Canadian literature. --- Northern literature. --- female protagonists. --- modernism. --- rural communities.
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"The natural histories of eight ordinary plant species transformed into noxious weeds through mostly well-intended human efforts to get rid of them show how lives of people and weeds are entangled in ways that reflect human beliefs and attitudes toward the natural world" --
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"The 20th century is sometimes said to be the century of the family farm. Although the countryside changed fundamentally, the farming family - consisting of husband, wife and children - is often seen as intact. However, all farms were not driven by families of the traditional type. One alternative was that two or more of the children took over the farm together, continued to live in the same household and remained unmarried. But how common were such sibling farms? How did they work and what were the motives behind the siblings' choice to live together?Based on household analyzes, government reports and interviews, historian Martin Dackling in Instead of marriage sketches the history of the sibling farms. He shows that they were neither unusual nor remains of an older peasant society. From the beginning of the 19th century, it became increasingly common for brothers and sisters to take over the farm together and in the 1930s and 1940s sibling farms were a common feature of Swedish countryside. However, after 1950 they became increasingly unusual. The book discusses why the sibling farms arose and Dackling points to cultural, social and economic explanations. An important circumstance was also that most of the siblings remained unmarried. Love relations were not missing, but marriage was difficult to combine with siblings living in the same household. Love relations and sibling relations were in a complicated correlation with each other, and on many farms, living with siblings became an alternative to marriage."
20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000 --- History: specific events & topics --- Social & cultural history --- Rural communities --- Family and household --- Sibling relations --- Rural conditions --- Inheritance --- Marriage patterns --- Property relations
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This book addresses the relevance of geographical indication (GI) as a tool for local and socio-economic development and democratization of agri-food, with case studies from Asia, Europe and the Americas. A geographical indication is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. It provides not only a way for businesses to leverage the value of their geographically unique products, but also to inform and attract consumers. A highly contested topic, GI is praised as a tool for the revitalization of agricultural communities, while also criticized for being an instrument exploited by global corporate forces to promote their interests. There are concerns that the promotion of GI may hamper the establishment of democratic forms of development. The contributing authors address this topic by offering theoretically informed investigations of GI from around the world. The book includes case studies ranging from green tea in Japan, olive oil in Turkey and dried fish in Norway, to French wine and Mexican Mezcal. It also places GI in the broader context of the evolution and trends of agri-food under neoliberal globalization. The book will be of interest to researchers, policy makers and students in agri-food studies, sociology of food and agriculture, geography, agricultural and rural economics, environmental and intellectual property law, and social development.
Farm produce. --- Agricultural commodities --- Agricultural products --- Produce --- Agriculture --- Food --- Raw materials --- Plant products --- Produce trade --- Applied ecology --- Environmental science, engineering and technology --- Society and culture: general --- Rural communities --- Cultural studies: food and society --- Sustainable agriculture
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Providing a holistic understanding of extensive oil extraction in rural Mexico, this book focuses on a campesino community, where oil extraction is deeply inscribed into the daily lives of the community members. The book shows how oil shapes the space where it is extracted in every aspect and produces multiple uncertainties. The community members express these uncertainties using the metaphor of the time bomb. The book shows how they find ways to "live off the time bomb" by using mechanisms of short-term coping and long-term adaptation and thus, developing the capability to determine their lives despite the ever-changing challenges.
Rural communities --- Mining industry --- Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography --- Social Science --- Sociology --- Rural --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Natural Resource Extraction --- Anthropology --- Cultural & Social --- Ejido de Emiliano Zapata --- Social conditions. --- Emiliano Zapata (Ejido) --- Hacienda de Guaracha
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