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Ruminants contribute significantly to human food security. However, the production of ruminants contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are responsible for climate change. GHGs such as methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide are produced from different processes of ruminant production. Ruminant enteric methane is a substantial component of methane produced by agriculture. This book presents novel and established methods in quantifying and reducing enteric methane emission from ruminants in different production systems. The book covers different types of ruminants including cattle, sheep, and goats. The chapters are contributed by scientists and authors from different parts of the world, demonstrating the importance of this problem and the universal drive for immediate and sustainable solutions. Although, biologically speaking, the production of enteric methane cannot be reduced to zero, high emissions are an indicator of inefficient digestion of feed in the rumen and low utilisation of feed energy. By presenting research that could lead to robust and yet practical quantification methods and mitigation strategies, this book not only contributes to the discourse and new knowledge on the magnitude of the problem but also brings forward potential solutions in different livestock production systems.

environmental modelling --- pasture systems --- nitrous oxide --- methane emissions --- nitrate leaching --- climate change --- heat stress --- goat --- immunization --- methane --- volatile fatty acids --- backgrounded cattle --- encapsulated nitrate --- essential oil --- nitrogen balance --- reduction strategy --- rumen fermentation --- microbial flora --- tea saponins --- Moringa oleifera --- fecal methanogenic community --- dairy cows --- mcrA gene sequencing technique --- methane emission --- tropical beef cattle --- Desmanthus --- supplementation --- growth performance --- ruminant nutrition --- legumes --- NDIR --- laser --- agreement --- enteric emissions --- interchangeability --- heifer --- forage-to-concentrate ratio --- prediction equation --- sulphur hexafluoride tracer technique --- genetic evaluation --- greenhouse gases --- environment --- dairy goat farming --- linear programming --- GHG emissions --- abatement cost --- mitigation options --- carbon footprint

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Soil microorganisms play a major role in the degradation and recycling of organic material. Microbes are involved in the food web and strongly contribute to soil fertility. In the past, attention was mainly directed towards free-living or particle-bound microorganisms, while the role of intestinal microbes of soil animals has been neglected. For the first time, "Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and Other Invertebrates" focuses on the microbes in gut systems of soil animals. It starts with a profound overview of the biology of soil invertebrates. A major part deals with the gut microbiota of termites, the best investigated gut system of invertebrates. Termites are important soil processors in tropical and subtropical regions. Insight is given into the intestinal microbiota of further relevant primary litter decomposers, such as earthworms, springtails, millipeds, and woodlice. Novel techniques for studying intestinal microbes complete the volume.

Soil invertebrates --- Intestines --- Termites --- Invertébrés du sol --- Intestins --- Microbiology --- Microbiologie --- Invertébré --- Invertebrates --- Flore microbienne --- microbial flora --- Intestin --- intestines --- Flore du sol --- Soil flora --- Symbiose --- Symbiosis --- Termitidae --- Fonction physiologique --- physiological functions --- Biologie du sol --- Soil biology --- Pédogénèse --- soil genesis --- Soil invertebrates. --- Zoology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Invertebrates & Protozoa --- Microbiology. --- Invertébrés du sol --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B --- Dictyoptera --- Isoptera --- White ants --- Mesofauna --- Bacteriology --- Life sciences. --- Ecology. --- Animal physiology. --- Invertebrates. --- Soil science. --- Soil conservation. --- Life Sciences. --- Terrestial Ecology. --- Animal Physiology. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Insects --- Termitomyces --- Soil animals --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Animal physiology --- Animals --- Anatomy --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Invertebrata --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Physiology --- Ecology --- Ecology . --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Agriculture --- Earth sciences --- Physiology. --- Experimental Organisms. --- Soil Science. --- Technique.