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Book
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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Transition metal-catalyzed reactions play a key role in many transformations of synthetic organic chemistry. For most of these reactions, noble metals, for example, palladium, have been used as catalysts. Over the last two decades, more and more first row transition metals have been applied as catalysts for organic reactions, with iron taking the center stage. The driving forces behind this development are not only the high costs for the noble metals but also their toxicity. Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the Earth’s crust, and thus, it is considerably cheaper than the precious noble metals. Moreover, iron compounds are involved in many biological processes, and thus, iron exhibits a low toxicity. Because of this low toxicity, iron-catalyzed reactions are important for an environmentally benign sustainable chemistry. However, iron catalysts are not only investigated to replace noble metals; they offer many applications in synthesis beyond those of classical noble metal catalysts. Several articles of the present book emphasize the complementarity of iron-catalyzed reactions as compared to reactions catalyzed by noble metals. The book shows intriguing recent developments and the current standing of iron-catalyzed reactions as well as applications to organic synthesis.
iron --- cross-coupling --- aryl esters --- C–O activation --- Fe-catalysis --- Kumada cross-coupling --- iron complexes --- hydrogen transfer --- reductive amination --- alcohols --- amines --- decarbonylation --- alkylation --- spirocyclization --- aldehyde --- cinnamamide --- iron catalysis --- bis-(aryl)manganese --- alkenyl halides --- ate iron(II) complex --- asymmetric catalysis --- nitrogen ligand --- oxidative coupling --- BINOL synthesis --- carbene --- diazoalkane --- C-H functionalization --- catalysis --- borylation --- Iron --- C-H functionalisation --- pinacolborane --- photochemistry --- amidation --- iron(III) chloride --- amides --- esters --- solvent-free --- iron-catalysis --- carboazidation --- β-methyl scission --- radical --- DFT --- organic synthesis --- C-H activation --- C-C coupling --- α-alkenylation --- dehydrogenative coupling --- sustainability --- naphthidines --- fluorescence --- iron catalyst --- ATRP --- controlled radical polymerization --- external stimuli --- asymmetric transfer hydrogenation --- density functional theory --- bifunctional catalyst --- haloalkane coupling --- Grignard reagent --- FeI/FeII/FeIII mechanism
Book
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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The objective of this Special Issue is to provide new contributions in the area of biomass valorization using heterogeneous catalysts and focusing specifically on the structure/activity relationships of specific and important oxidation, hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and biocatalytic processes. The issue emphasizes the influence of the design and morphology of the catalyst, in terms of particle size, redox and acid-base properties and catalyst stability. Finally, mechanistic studies and examples of design and optimization of industrial processes are presented.
furfural --- MPV reaction --- acid–base characterization --- methylbutynol test reaction --- Fischer–Tropsch synthesis --- Co/SBA–15 --- pore size --- pore length --- dry gel conversion --- MFI zeolite --- particle sizes --- silica sources --- hydrodeoxygenation --- biocatalysis --- bio-based platform chemicals --- furans --- reduction --- whole cells --- nickel phosphide --- cellobiose --- sorbitol --- MCM-41 --- hydrolytic hydrogenation --- zeolites --- catalysis --- solid acid --- solid base --- chemical modification --- alkylation --- glycosidation --- 2 methyl-furan --- catalyst design --- iron --- magnesium oxide --- catalytic hydrogen transfer reduction --- methanol --- diffusion --- ab initio --- industrial design --- H-ZSM-5 --- multiscale modeling --- adiabatic reactor --- zeolite catalysis --- hydrogenation --- palladium --- nanoparticles --- capping agent --- sol-immobilization --- furoic acid --- gold --- hydrotalcite --- oxidation --- bimetallic nanoparticles --- base-free --- green oxidation --- embedded catalysts --- biomass --- Eucalyptus globulus wood --- cross-flow autohydrolysis --- kinetic modeling --- hemicellulose-derived products --- gold catalysis --- selective oxidation --- colloidal synthesis --- 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural --- 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid --- particle size --- biomass conversion --- in-situ synthesis --- Sn-Beta zeolite --- isomorphous substitution --- glucose --- HMF --- oxidative condensation --- furan-2-acrolein --- Pd-based catalysts --- n/a --- acid-base characterization --- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis --- Co/SBA-15
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