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Energy metabolism at whole-body, cellular, and even organelle, i.e., mitochondrial, levels requires adequate regulation in order to maintain or improve (metabolic) health. In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are key players in energy (ATP) production via oxidative phosphorylation. Both macro- and micronutrients potentially influence energy metabolism and mitochondrial functioning, either as substrates for (oxidative) catabolism or as essential constituents of enzymes or protein complexes involved in (mitochondrial) energy metabolism. This book contains a valuable collection of empirical preclinical and human studies to assist in the development of understanding and progress this area of research on improving health and, more specifically, metabolic health.
insulin --- lipogenesis --- obesity --- glucose homeostasis --- adipocytes --- cortisol --- ketones --- s-IgA --- exercise --- low carbohydrate diet --- NAFLD --- omega-3 --- krill oil --- phospholipids --- high-fat diet --- C57BL/6N mice --- thermoneutral temperature --- iron deficiency --- striated skeletal muscle --- physical capacity --- fatigue --- mitochondrial metabolism --- complex I --- resting metabolic rate --- prediction equation --- ageing adults --- overweight --- adiposity-based chronic disease --- energy balance --- metabolism --- n/a
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Obesity and related co-morbidities are increasing worldwide and pose a serious health problem. Changes in lifestyle and diet would be the best remedies to fight obesity; however, many people will still rely on medical aid. Marine organisms have been prolific in the production of bioactive compounds for many diseases, e.g., cancer, and promise to be an excellent source for natural-derived molecules and novel nutraceuticals. Bioactive compounds with beneficial activities towards obesity have been described from diverse marine organism including marine algae, bacteria, sponges, fungi, crustaceans or fish. This Special Issue will highlight the progress in the following topics: Bioactive compounds for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related co-morbidities (diabetes, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia) from marine organisms; the isolation of novel compounds, the bioactivity screening of marine organisms and the elucidation of molecular mode of action of marine bioactive compounds.
natural compounds --- anti-obesity drugs --- high fat diet --- Ishige okamurae --- fat --- zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay --- physical exercise --- JAK2-STAT3 --- metabolite profiling --- obesity --- chlorophyll derivatives --- brown seaweed --- Skate skin --- PPAR? --- marine alga --- marine biodiscovery --- skate skin --- lipolytic --- leptin --- uncoupling protein 1 --- 3T3-L1 cells --- glucolipid metabolism disorder --- nutrition --- bioactivity --- chitosan oligosaccharide --- diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) --- nutraceuticals --- whole small animal models --- high-fat diet --- adipocyte --- dyslipidemia --- bioactivity screening --- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma --- white adipose tissue --- antiobesity --- fatty liver disease --- thermal proteome profiling --- inflammation --- cyanobacteria --- Raja kenojei --- Arthrospira maxima --- cellularity --- adipocytes --- bioactive compound --- collagen peptide --- double-blind --- bisabolane-related compounds --- proliferation --- fatty acid metabolism --- cholesterol metabolism --- collagen --- randomized controlled trial --- mechanisms of action --- murine pre-adipocytes --- adipogenesis --- fucan --- marine sponges --- label-free quantitative proteomics --- diabetes --- body fat
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The present Special Issue summarizes the available scientific evidence concerning the nutrients and biomarkers in musculoskeletal diseases linked to the metabolic conditions secondary to COVID-19 confinement, osteoporosis prevention for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, and the nutritional status in patients with spinal muscular atrophy. Furthermore, it explores the novel findings for experimental animal models of pharmacological agents to improve the regeneration of muscle tissue; acetylcholine spontaneous release located in the neuromuscular junction in mice, secondary to hypercaloric diet supplementation with an increase in spontaneous neurotransmission and the activation of myofascial trigger points associated with myofascial pain syndrome; and myogenic biomarkers in musculoskeletal conditions and gene expression associated with vitamin D and L-cysteine co-supplementation. This Special Issue is edited by a multidisciplinary group comprising the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidade da Coruña, and Universidad Europea de Madrid.
COVID-19 --- acute sedentary lifestyle --- step reduction --- positive energy balance --- metabolic consequences --- insulin resistance --- metabolic syndrome --- sarcopenia --- bowel diseases --- diet --- osteoporosis --- bone density --- nutrients --- muscle unloading --- muscle reloading --- sirtuin-1 --- muscle progenitor cells --- activated satellite cells --- quiescent satellite cells --- muscle regeneration markers --- electromyography --- high-fat diet --- myofascial pain syndrome --- obesity --- spontaneous neurotransmission --- vitamin D deficiency --- l-cysteine --- glutathione --- myogenic markers --- dystrophy markers --- skeletal muscle --- spinal muscular atrophy --- metabolomics --- nutrition --- therapeutics --- biomarkers --- n/a
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The papers reported here will contribute to proposing new insights into the mechanisms of several conditions, as well as suggesting new diagnostic alternatives and therapeutic targets in widespread pathologies such inflammation and inflammatory-based diseases. The discovery of the new is, as always, anchored in recourse to the old.
toxicity --- long-lasting effect --- iso-?-acids --- ammonium glycyrrhizinate --- metabolomics --- cytokines --- Alnus sibirica --- energy metabolism --- curcumin --- antineuroinflammation --- nitric oxide --- antioxidant --- nutraceutical food --- liver --- nardochinoid B --- endometriosis --- adipose tissue --- Nardostachys chinensis --- tau --- macrophage --- nociception --- heme oxygenase-1 --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- IL-6 --- nuciferine --- docking --- chronic nonbacterial prostatitis --- black tea polyphenol --- network pharmacology --- Tagetes patula L. --- SEM --- lipopolysaccharide --- solid lipid nanoparticle --- tauopathy --- memory --- lupane-type triterpene --- acute lung injury --- inducible nitric oxide synthase --- inflammation --- anti-inflammatory --- microglia --- resveratrol --- theaflavins --- hirsutanonol --- short-term high-fat diet --- inflammatory disease --- juçara --- oregonin --- PPARs --- NF-?B --- neuroprotection --- Portulaca oleracea --- TNF-? --- depression
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It is known today that more than 61% of human pathogens are zoonotic, representing 75% of all emerging pathogens during the past decade, presenting an increasing a matter of concern, particularly in modern days where global warming keeps is causing climatic conditions conducive to the introduction of exotic infectious agents or disease vectors in new territories. This book compiles studies that approach a myriad of zoonotic infectious diseases and their complex mechanisms. This is a brief but in-depth collection that showcases the need to address health at the animal–human–environment interface, in a One Health perspective.
trefoil factor family member 2 (TFF2) --- inflammation --- tissue repair --- zoonotic disease --- Panthera leo --- human health --- biosecurity --- wildlife farming --- wildlife trade --- disease transmission --- BRSV --- cattle --- isolation --- respiratory disorders --- sequencing --- avian influenza --- homologous vaccine --- heterologous vaccine --- broiler --- early infection --- bovine papillomavirus --- Egypt --- nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay --- PCR --- phylodynamic --- whole-genome sequencing (WGS) --- chicken --- antimicrobial resistance genes --- virulence genetic cluster --- schistosome --- Allobilharzia visceralis --- whooper swans --- obstructive phlebitis --- endosymbionts --- Hemolivia --- surveillance --- tortoises --- tick-borne pathogens --- ticks --- haemogregarines --- gamogony --- sporogony --- schizongony --- molecular analysis --- high-fat diet --- immunity --- damage --- mice --- Brazil --- HEV --- zoonotic --- One Health --- n/a
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Most complex respiratory conditions invoke interactions between genetic and environmental factors, such as smoking, pollution, and diet. There is increasing evidence that diet and nutrition are important factors, not only in disease prevention, but also in their contribution to the chronicity and heterogeneity of lung disorders. Nutrients exert potent effects on metabolism through a variety of regulatory mechanisms, resulting in local and systemic changes in metabolite levels. In this issue of Nutrients, we would like to bring together papers dealing with the topic of “Respiratory Diseases and Nutrition”. We welcome manuscripts detailing human and animal studies focused on the roles of dietary and metabolic factors in the initiation and progression of respiratory diseases, including, but not limited to, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In vitro studies aimed at elucidating the potential molecular mechanisms of diet–metabolic interactions are also invited. We welcome different types of manuscript submissions, including original research articles and up-to-date reviews and commentaries.
antioxidant --- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease --- dietary pattern --- inflammation --- lung function --- Mediterranean diet --- nutrition --- oxidative stress --- polyphenol --- polyunsaturated fatty acid --- black ginseng --- oral administration --- influenza A virus --- cytokines --- antiviral --- lung development --- undernutrition --- lung diseases --- ghrelin --- leptin --- GLP-1 --- retinoids --- cholecalciferol --- fetal growth restriction --- respiratory distress syndrome --- lung transplantation --- body mass index --- body composition --- lean body mass --- muscle mass --- sarcopenia --- creatinine-height index --- obesity --- pregnancy --- allergic airway disease --- offspring --- high fat diet --- omega-3 index --- asthma --- fatty acids --- nutritional biomarkers --- pulmonary hypertension --- microbiota --- vitamin C --- vitamin D --- iron --- diet --- bisphenol A --- estrogen --- xenoestrogens --- para-inflammation --- endocrine --- alarmins --- allergy --- microbiome --- nutrients --- prematurity --- bronchopulmonary dysplasia --- weight loss --- children
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The control of energy metabolism is a central event for cell, organ, and organism survival. There are many control levels in energy metabolism, although in this Special Issue, we concentrated on the neuroendocrine control which is operated through specialized neural circuits controlling both food intake and energy expenditure. Due to the explosion of obesity and associated diseases, the subject of this Special Issue is of particular interest today.
IGF1 --- IGF2 --- IGFBP2 --- high-fat diet --- obesity --- sex differences --- neuropeptides --- beige adipocyte --- white adipocyte --- brown adipocyte --- diabetes mellitus --- differentiation --- kisspeptin --- AgRP --- sheep --- reproduction --- LH --- genistein --- proopiomelanocortin --- arcuate nucleus --- rats --- endocrine disrupting chemicals --- bisphenol A --- diethylstilbestrol --- tributyltin --- neuropeptide Y --- pro-opiomelanocortin --- phytoestrogens --- endocrine disruptor --- dimorphism --- POMC --- orexin --- subfornical organ --- organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis --- area postrema --- hypothalamus --- metabolism --- diabetes --- estrogens --- gut permeability/integrity --- insulin sensitivity --- Akkermansia --- gut microbiome --- lactate --- glycogen --- behavior --- learning --- astrocytes --- calcium signaling --- energy balance --- gliotransmission --- systemic metabolism --- amygdala --- kisspeptins --- food intake --- body weight --- intrauterine growth restriction --- macrosomia --- glucose tolerance --- abdominal adipocyte gene expression --- thrifty phenotype hypothesis
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Nutrition --- Metabolism --- Diet in disease --- Diet in disease. --- Metabolism. --- Nutrition. --- Metabolic Diseases. --- Nutrition Disorders. --- Nutritional Sciences. --- Nutrition Science --- Nutrition Sciences --- Nutritional Science --- Science, Nutrition --- Science, Nutritional --- Sciences, Nutrition --- Sciences, Nutritional --- Nutritional Disorders --- Nutrition Disorder --- Nutritional Disorder --- Metabolic Phenomenon --- Metabolic Process --- Metabolism Concepts --- Metabolism Phenomena --- Process, Metabolic --- Processes, Metabolic --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolic Concepts --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Metabolic Processes --- Concept, Metabolic --- Concept, Metabolism --- Concepts, Metabolic --- Concepts, Metabolism --- Metabolic Concept --- Metabolism Concept --- Phenomena, Metabolic --- Phenomena, Metabolism --- Phenomenon, Metabolic --- Diseases, Metabolic --- Thesaurismosis --- Disease, Metabolic --- Metabolic Disease --- Thesaurismoses --- Alimentation --- Food --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Diet and disease --- Disease, Diet in --- Sick --- Health aspects --- nutrition and dietetics --- obesity --- nutritional sciences and mechanisms --- metabolic pathways --- body mass index --- high-fat diet --- Food Technology --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Biochemistry --- Metabolic Diseases --- Nutrition Disorders --- Nutritional Sciences --- Diet & Clinical Nutrition
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nutrition and dietetics --- obesity --- body mass index --- high-fat diet --- nutritional sciences --- Nutrition --- Metabolism --- Diet in disease --- Metabolic Diseases. --- Metabolism. --- Nutrition Disorders. --- Nutritional Sciences. --- Alimentation --- Food --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Diet and disease --- Disease, Diet in --- Sick --- Nutrition Science --- Nutrition Sciences --- Nutritional Science --- Science, Nutrition --- Science, Nutritional --- Sciences, Nutrition --- Sciences, Nutritional --- Food Technology --- Nutritional Disorders --- Nutrition Disorder --- Nutritional Disorder --- Metabolic Phenomenon --- Metabolic Process --- Metabolism Concepts --- Metabolism Phenomena --- Process, Metabolic --- Processes, Metabolic --- Metabolic Concepts --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Metabolic Processes --- Concept, Metabolic --- Concept, Metabolism --- Concepts, Metabolic --- Concepts, Metabolism --- Metabolic Concept --- Metabolism Concept --- Phenomena, Metabolic --- Phenomena, Metabolism --- Phenomenon, Metabolic --- Diseases, Metabolic --- Thesaurismosis --- Disease, Metabolic --- Metabolic Disease --- Thesaurismoses --- Health aspects --- Nutrition disorders. --- Dietetics. --- Metabolic Diseases --- Nutrition Disorders --- Nutritional Sciences --- Métabolisme --- Régimes alimentaires --- Troubles du métabolisme. --- Métabolisme. --- Maladies de la nutrition. --- Diététique. --- metabolism (biological concept) --- Disorders. --- Disorders of nutrition --- Diseases --- Disorders of metabolism --- Metabolic diseases --- Metabolic disorders --- Metabolism, Disorders of
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The sense of hearing is vulnerable to environmental challenges, such as exposure to noise. More than 1.5 billion people experience some decline in hearing ability during their lifetime, of whom at least 430 million will be affected by disabling hearing loss. If not identified and addressed in a timely way, hearing loss can severely reduce the quality of life at various stages. Some causes of hearing loss can be prevented, for example from occupational or leisure noise. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 1 billion young people put themselves at risk of permanent hearing loss by listening to loud music over long periods of time. Mitigating such risks through public health action is essential to reduce the impact of hearing loss in the community. The etiology of sensorineural hearing loss is complex and multifactorial, arising from congenital and acquired causes. This book highlights the diverse range of approaches to sensorineural hearing loss, from designing new animal models of age-related hearing loss, to the use of microRNAs as biomarkers of cochlear injury and drug repurposing for the therapy of age-related and noise-induced hearing loss. Further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms of sensorineural hearing loss and the integration of the novel drug, cell, and gene therapy strategies into controlled clinical studies will permit significant advances in a field where there are currently many unmet needs.
brain-derived neurotrophic factor --- TrkB --- inner ear --- development --- zebrafish --- mitochondria dysfunction --- reactive oxygen species --- hypoxic --- d-galactose --- high-fat diet --- aging --- hearing loss --- astrocytes --- auditory brainstem --- lateral superior olive --- gap junctions --- voltage-activated calcium channel 1.3 --- otoferlin --- spontaneous activity --- deafness --- circadian dysregulation --- clock genes --- noise-induced hearing loss --- sensory hair cells --- synaptic ribbons --- sensorineural hearing loss --- hyperbaric oxygenation --- adjunctive therapy --- microRNAs --- cochlear nucleus --- inferior colliculus --- neuroplasticity --- noise-induced cochlear injury --- cochlear rescue --- otoprotection --- adenosine A1 receptor --- regulator of G protein signalling 4 --- CCG-4986 --- intratympanic drug delivery --- potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 4 --- potassium --- nonsyndromic hearing loss --- KCNQ4 activator --- age-related hearing loss --- selegiline --- chronic oral treatment --- hearing protection --- mouse model --- n/a
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