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The essay traces Bruno Trentin's political biography and intellectual research from a transnational perspective. Through the work notebooks (1953-1995), the diaries on the CGILGeneral Secretary (1988-1994), the activity in the European Parliament (1999-2004) and the following two years, the elaboration of The Freedom Comes First(2005) is rooted in a long term criticism against the subalternity of the communist and social-democratic culture to the Fordist model. It is also based on the necessity of a libertarian socialism, based on the centrality of the person and on the unavoidable link between work and knowledge. What stands outis the originality of Trentin's political thought, the intellectual circuit in which his research is developed and his vision of a federal Europe in the international system following the Cold War and the aftermath of September 11th, 2001.
Fordism --- libertarian socialism --- work and knowledge --- Europe --- globalization
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The Eclipse of the Utopias of Labor traces the shift from the eighteenth-century concept of man as machine to the late twentieth-century notion of digital organisms. Step by step—from Jacques de Vaucanson and his Digesting Duck, through Karl Marx’s Capital, Hermann von Helmholtz’s social thermodynamics, Albert Speer’s Beauty of Labor program in Nazi Germany, and on to the post-Fordist workplace, Rabinbach shows how society, the body, and labor utopias dreamt up future societies and worked to bring them about. This masterful follow-up to The Human Motor, Rabinbach’s brilliant study of the European science of work, bridges intellectual history, labor history, and the history of the body. It shows the intellectual and policy reasons as to how a utopia of the body as motor won wide acceptance and moved beyond the “man as machine” model before tracing its steep decline after 1945—and along with it the eclipse of the great hopes that a more efficient workplace could provide the basis of a new, more socially satisfactory society.
Robots. --- Human mechanics. --- Human-computer interaction. --- Labor supply. --- Fordism. --- Marxism. --- National Socialism. --- Taylorism. --- automata. --- digital/digitization. --- energy. --- human body. --- industrial accidents. --- mechanism. --- metaphorology. --- neurasthenia. --- utopia. --- work.
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The "social space" is booming. In a large number of political and professional fields, recourse is made to "social spaces" or "local communities". The "activation" of "endogenous potentials", "social capital", "self-responsibility", "self-regulation" or "self-help" in the context of a long-term context is connected with the promise to be able to work on fundamental integration, distribution and control problems of advanced liberal societies. The present study examines the ambivalent role of social space policies in contemporary societal transformation and discusses ways in which space affine professions and movements can withstand questionable politico-programmatic invocations. Der "Sozialraum" hat Konjunktur. In einer Vielzahl von Politik- und Professionsfeldern wird auf "soziale Räume" oder "lokale Gemeinschaften" rekurriert. Die "Aktivierung" von "endogenen Potenzialen", "sozialem Kapital", "Eigenverantwortung", "Selbststeuerung" oder "Selbsthilfe" im nahräumigen Kontext ist mit der Verheissung verbunden, grundlegende Integrations-, Verteilungs- und Steuerungsprobleme fortgeschritten liberaler Gesellschaften bearbeiten zu können. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die ambivalente Rolle von Sozialraumpolitiken im gegenwärtigen gesellschaftlichen Transformationsgeschehen und diskutiert Möglichkeiten, wie raumaffine Professionen und Bewegungen fragwürdigen politisch- programmatischen Anrufungen widerstehen können.
Social space. --- Social policy. --- Social structure. --- Social problems. --- Welfare state. --- social space --- post-Fordism --- regional planning --- Gouvernementalität --- Kapitalismus --- Michel Foucault --- Neoliberalismus
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Wie hat sich die Anti-Baby-Pille in Deutschland von einer politisierten zu einer normalisierten Technik entwickelt? Die Autorin untersucht vielfältige historische Diskurse um die Pille in der BRD von 1958 bis 1989 und analysiert, wie die Pille als materielle Objektivation in gesellschaftliche Machtverhältnisse, Normierungsbestrebungen sowie Emanzipationsvorstellungen verstrickt war. How has the contraceptive pill developed in Germany from a politicized to a normalized technology? The author examines a wide range of historical discourses on the pill in the FRG from 1958 to 1989 and analyzes how the pill, as a material objectivation, helped shape social power relations, standardization efforts, and ideas of emancipation.
Anti-Baby-Pille --- bio politics --- Biomacht --- Biopolitik --- birth control --- contraception --- contraceptive pill --- dipositive analysis --- discourse analysis --- Diskursanalyse --- Dispositivanalyse --- fordism --- Fordismus --- Frauenbewegung --- Geburtenkontrolle --- neo malthusianism --- Neomalthusianismus --- Pille --- postfordism --- Regulationsansatz --- women's movement
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Der Band widmet sich dem Potential kreativen Ausdrucks, das die Auseinandersetzung mit städtischer Architektur mittels zeitgenössischer (digitaler) Technologien bietet, und dem gesellschaftlichen Kontext neoliberaler Bereicherungsökonomie und Stadtpolitik, der dieses Potential aufgrund der kommerzialisierten Präsentation von Architektur zu unterminieren droht. Neben wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzungen werden ästhetische Interventionen im Medium der Fotografie, Malerei und Musik vollzogen. The volume is dedicated to the potential of creative expression offered by the engagement with urban architecture by means of contemporary (digital) technologies, and to the social context of neoliberal enrichment economics and urban politics that threatens to undermine this potential due to the commercialized presentation of architecture. In addition to scientific discussions, aesthetic interventions are carried out in the medium of photography, painting and music.
aesthetics --- architecture --- Architektur --- Bauhaus --- commercialization --- Digitalisierung --- digitalization --- Fotografie --- gentrification --- Gentrifizierung --- Kommerzialisierung --- photography --- post-fordism --- Postfordismus --- raumbezogene Sozialplanung --- segregation --- Segregation --- social space --- Sozialraum --- spatial social planning --- Stadtsoziologie --- urban sociology --- urban studies --- Urban Studies --- urbanism --- Ästhetik
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In der Arbeitswissenschaft und in der Fabrikpraxis rückte eine Frage nach 1910 ins Zentrum: Wie kann der Faktor Mensch effektiv in die Produktion eingebracht werden? Zugespitzt: Wie werden aus apathischen Arbeitern interessierte Mitarbeiter? Karsten Uhl korrigiert in seiner Geschichte der Fabrik im 20. Jahrhundert unser Bild des Taylorismus und Fordismus, indem er nachweist, dass Unternehmen seit den 1920er Jahren ergänzend zu Disziplinierungsformen die Selbstverantwortung der Arbeiter_innen förderten. Er zeigt, dass die Subjektivität der Arbeitenden beides war: Störgröße und Potenzial. Rationalisierung und Humanisierung wurden bei der Gestaltung des Lebens- und Arbeitsraums Fabrik miteinander verknüpft. »Uhl hat ein überaus lesenswertes Buch vorgelegt. Wer sich mit ›spatial history‹ oder aber der Produktion von Räumen beschäftigt, wird um dieses Buch zukünftig nicht herumkommen.« Alexandra Oberländer, Technikgeschichte, 84/1 (2017) »It is peculiar that before the publication in 2014 of Karsten Uhl's groundbreaking study on spatial order in German industry in the twentieth century, none of the scholars who specialize in the history of rationalization or ›Fordism‹ in Germany and North America seem to have considered the role that photography played in this context.« Ulrich Prehn, Central European History, 48 (2015) »Aus einer genuin historischen Perspektive hinterfragt Uhl überaus gewinnbringend vorgebliche Gewissheiten und wartet mit empirisch gut begründeten Gegenthesen zu landläufigen Erklärungsmodellen auf.« Jonathan Voges, Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte, 61 (2016) »Dem Buch [gelingt es], eine lange Tradition subjektivierender Techniken in der Fabrikorganisation aufzuzeigen, die von den frühen 1920er-Jahren bis ins 21. Jahrhundert reicht. Das ist ein wichtiger Befund, der weite Beachtung verdient.« Jörg Neuheiser, Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, 56 (2016) »Insgesamt ist ein anregender Band zur deutschen (und europäischen) Industriegeschichte entstanden, der transatlantische Einflüsse (Stichwort: Amerikanisierung) ebenso zutreffend charakterisiert wie er das binnenländische Bild menschenverachtender Industrieprozesse grundlegend zu korrigieren vermag.« Wolfgang Wüst, Neue Politische Literatur, 60 (2015) »Die Studie führt dem Leser die Notwendigkeit vor Augen, weitreichende Thesen über die Entwicklung der kapitalistischen Produktionsweise auch anhand konkreter Untersuchungen auf der Mikro-Ebene auszudifferenzieren. Die Geschichtswissenschaft kann dadurch soziologische Theorien modifizieren helfen, auf die Uhl in seiner Untersuchung immer wieder Bezug nimmt. Damit entfaltet sie auch ihre Erkenntniskraft für ein Verständnis der Gegenwart.« Sebastian Voigt, www.sehepunkte.de, 16/1 (2016) »Alle Abschnitte des Buches sind intensiv erarbeitet, so dass es ein Genuss ist, jede einzelne Seite zu lesen. Seine Bildinterpretationen sind eindringlich und in jeder Hinsicht vorbildlich. Das Buch von Karsten Uhl sollte als Standardwerk Eingang in die universitäre Lehre finden.« Richard Vahrenkamp, Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, 102/2 (2015) »Spannend und innovativ.« Rüdiger Hachtmann, H-Soz-u-Kult, 18.09.2014 »Auf lesenswerte und beeindruckende Weise transparent wird [...], dass keines der dominanten Modelle von allen Unternehmen zu allen Zeiten angewandt wurde, dass sich arbeits- und sozialwissenschaftliche Paradigmata bei genauerem Hinsehen immer als gebrochen und durchbrochen darstellen.« Hans-Werner Franz, Soziologie heute, 8 (2014) Besprochen in: RKW Bücherdienst, 3 (2014) Technikgeschichte, 84/1 (2017), Denise Ruisinger
Taylorisme. --- Industrial management --- Fordisme. --- Réorganisation industrielle --- Manufacturing processes --- Production management --- National socialism and labor. --- Conditions de travail --- History --- Human factors --- Psychology, Industrial. --- Industrial sociology. --- Business psychology --- Industrial psychology --- Psychotechnics --- Industrial engineering --- Personnel management --- Psychology, Applied --- Industrial psychologists --- Sociology --- Industrial organization --- Industries --- Social aspects --- Taylorismus; Fordismus; Industriearbeit; Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz; Stollwerck; Augsburger Kammgarn-Spinnerei; Arbeit; Wirtschaft; Körper; Wirtschaftsgeschichte; Sozialgeschichte; Technikgeschichte; Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts; Geschichtswissenschaft; Taylorism; Fordism; Industrial Labour; Work; Economy; Body; Economic History; Social History; History of Technology; History of the 20th Century; History --- Body. --- Economic History. --- Economy. --- Fordism. --- History of Technology. --- History of the 20th Century. --- History. --- Industrial Labour. --- Social History. --- Work. --- Réorganisation industrielle
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This book proposes a theory of the legitimation crisis of neoliberalism. Through analyses of the legitimation crisis of regulated capitalism and the characteristics and theories of neoliberalism, the author contends that neoliberalism is affected by crises of system and social integration. The crisis of system integration refers to the inability of market mechanisms to address problems of capital accumulation and social stability. The crisis of social integration refers to the unmet promises of economic growth and social well-being. While attempts to address these crises are carried out through state intervention, crisis resolutions are inadequate due to the limits of the free market system and current state forms. Alessandro Bonanno contends that, as ideological and material forms of legitimation are inadequate, and processes of capital accumulation are sluggish and resistance weak, change is necessary. He outlines how this change will be controlled by corporate actors, minimally address the demands of subordinate groups, and marginally alter existing conditions.
Neoliberalism. --- Fordism. --- Globalization. --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- Neo-liberalism --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Manufacturing processes --- Liberalism --- Political sociology. --- Political theory. --- Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology. --- Social Structure, Social Inequality. --- Political Sociology. --- Political Theory. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Mass political behavior --- Political behavior --- Political science --- Sociology --- Sociological aspects --- Economic sociology. --- Social structure. --- Social inequality. --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Democracy --- Liberty --- Organization, Social --- Social organization --- Anthropology --- Social institutions --- Economic sociology --- Economics --- Socio-economics --- Socioeconomics --- Sociology of economics --- Social aspects --- Equality.
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In the early years of the Great Depression, thousands of unemployed homeless transients settled into Vancouver’s “hobo jungle.” The jungle operated as a distinct community, in which goods were exchanged and shared directly, without benefit of currency. The organization of life was immediate and consensual, conducted in the absence of capital accumulation. But as the transients moved from the jungles to the city, they made innumerable demands on Vancouver’s Relief Department, consuming financial resources at a rate that threatened the city with bankruptcy. In response, the municipality instituted a card-control system—no longer offering relief recipients currency to do with as they chose. It also implemented new investigative and assessment procedures, including office spies, to weed out organizational inefficiencies. McCallum argues that, threatened by this “ungovernable society,” Vancouver’s Relief Department employed Fordist management methods that ultimately stripped the transients of their individuality.Vancouver’s municipal government entered into contractual relationships with dozens of private businesses, tendering bids for meals in much the same fashion as for printing jobs and construction projects. As a result, entrepreneurs clamoured to get their share of the state spending. With the emergence of work relief camps, the provincial government harnessed the only currency that homeless men possessed: their muscle. This new form of unfree labour aided the province in developing its tourist driven “image” economy, as well as facilitating the transportation of natural resources and manufactured goods. It also led eventually to the most significant protest movement of 1930s’ Canada, the On-to-Ottawa Trek. Hobohemia and the Crucifixion Machine explores the connections between the history of transiency and that of Fordism, offering a new interpretation of the economic and political crises that wracked Canada in the early years of the Great Depression.
Unemployed --- Transients, Relief of --- Public welfare --- Depressions --- Social conditions --- Services for --- History --- Commercial crises --- Crises, Commercial --- Economic depressions --- Business cycles --- Recessions --- Benevolent institutions --- Poor relief --- Public assistance --- Public charities --- Public relief --- Public welfare reform --- Relief (Aid) --- Social welfare --- Welfare (Public assistance) --- Welfare reform --- Human services --- Social service --- Social work with migrant labor --- Charities --- Jobless people --- Out-of-work people --- Unemployed people --- Unemployed workers --- Labor supply --- Persons --- Unemployment --- Government policy --- 1900 - 1999 --- British Columbia --- British Columbia. --- Economic conditions --- BC --- Britaniya Kolumbiyası --- Britanska Kolumbii͡ --- Britanska Kolumbija --- Briti Columbia --- Britisch-Kolumbien --- British Columbia (Colony) --- Britisk Columbia --- Brits-Kolombi --- Britská Kolumbie --- Brytanskai͡a Kalumbii͡ --- C.-B. (Province) --- Colombie-Britannique --- Colony of British Columbia --- Colúmbia Britànica --- Province of British Columbia --- United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia --- Vretanikē Kolomvia --- hobos --- Vancouver --- On-to-Ottawa --- homeless --- Fordism --- labour camps
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