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Wiretapping --- Eavesdropping --- United States.

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Intelligence service --- National security --- Eavesdropping --- Wiretapping --- Law and legislation

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Due to the rise of organized crime and the rapid development of surveillance technologies, such technologies are increasingly used for the purpose of criminal investigation. However, the proliferation of such highly intrusive measures can jeopardize the individual right to privacy and the constitutionally protected secrecy of private telecommunication. It is therefore necessary to devise a legal framework that balances the need for efficient law enforcement with individuals' privacy rights. In this study, the author discusses the laws on covert surveillance as an investigative measure in the criminal process of the United States, Germany, and the P.R. China from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The author then provides a horizontal comparison of the three legal systems, with the aim of identifying solutions that achieve a proper balance between the protection of the right to privacy and the effective combat of crime.Due to the rise of organized crime and the rapid development of surveillance technologies, such technologies are increasingly used for the purpose of criminal investigation. However, the proliferation of such highly intrusive measures can jeopardize the individual right to privacy and the constitutionally protected secrecy of private telecommunication. It is therefore necessary to devise a legal framework that balances the need for efficient law enforcement with individuals' privacy rights. In this study, the author discusses the laws on covert surveillance as an investigative measure in the criminal process of the United States, Germany, and the P.R. China from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The author then provides a horizontal comparison of the three legal systems, with the aim of identifying solutions that achieve a proper balance between the protection of the right to privacy and the effective combat of crime.

Electronic surveillance --- Wiretapping --- Eavesdropping --- Criminal law. --- Law and legislation.

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This book tells the story of government-sponsored wiretapping in Britain and the United States from the rise of telephony in the 1870s until the terrorist attacks of 9/11. It pays particular attention to the 1990s, which marked one of the most dramatic turns in the history of telecommunications interception. During that time, fiber optic and satellite networks rapidly replaced the copper-based analogue telephone system that had remained virtually unchanged since the 1870s. That remarkable technological advance facilitated the rise of the networked home computer, cellular telephony, and the Internet, and users hailed the dawn of the digital information age. However, security agencies such as the FBI and MI5 were concerned. Since the emergence of telegraphy in the 1830s, security services could intercept private messages using wiretaps, and this was facilitated by some of the world's largest telecommunications monopolies such as AT&T in the US and British Telecom in the UK. The new, digital networks were incompatible with traditional wiretap technology. To make things more complicated for the security services, these monopolies had been privatized and broken up into smaller companies during the 1980s, and in the new deregulated landscape the agencies had to seek assistance from thousands of startup companies that were often unwilling to help. So for the first time in history, technological and institutional changes posed a threat to the security services’ wiretapping activities, and government officials in Washington and London acted quickly to protect their ability to spy, they sought to force the industry to change the very architecture of the digital telecommunications network. This book describes in detail the tense negotiations between governments, the telecommunications industry, and civil liberties groups during an unprecedented moment in history when the above security agencies were unable to wiretap. It reveals for the first time the thoughts of some of the protagonists in these crucial negotiations, and explains why their outcome may have forever altered the trajectory of our information society.

Computer security. --- Technology—History. --- Criminology. --- System safety. --- Systems and Data Security. --- History of Technology. --- Criminology and Criminal Justice, general. --- Security Science and Technology. --- Safety, System --- Safety of systems --- Systems safety --- Accidents --- Industrial safety --- Systems engineering --- Crime --- Social sciences --- Criminals --- Computer privacy --- Computer system security --- Computer systems --- Computers --- Cyber security --- Cybersecurity --- Electronic digital computers --- Protection of computer systems --- Security of computer systems --- Data protection --- Security systems --- Hacking --- Prevention --- Study and teaching --- Protection --- Security measures --- Wiretapping. --- Wire-tapping --- Eavesdropping --- Electronic security systems

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The growth of data-driven technologies, 5G, and the Internet place enormous pressure on underlying information infrastructure. There exist numerous proposals on how to deal with the possible capacity crunch. However, the security of both optical and wireless networks lags behind reliable and spectrally efficient transmission. Significant achievements have been made recently in the quantum computing arena. Because most conventional cryptography systems rely on computational security, which guarantees the security against an efficient eavesdropper for a limited time, with the advancement in quantum computing this security can be compromised. To solve these problems, various schemes providing perfect/unconditional security have been proposed including physical-layer security (PLS), quantum key distribution (QKD), and post-quantum cryptography. Unfortunately, it is still not clear how to integrate those different proposals with higher level cryptography schemes. So the purpose of the Special Issue entitled “Physical-Layer Security, Quantum Key Distribution and Post-quantum Cryptography” was to integrate these various approaches and enable the next generation of cryptography systems whose security cannot be broken by quantum computers. This book represents the reprint of the papers accepted for publication in the Special Issue.

continuous-variable quantum key distribution --- measurement device independent --- zero-photon catalysis --- underwater channel --- quantum key distribution (QKD) --- discrete variable (DV)-QKD --- continuous variable (CV)-QKD --- postquantum cryptography (PQC) --- quantum communications networks (QCNs) --- quantum communications --- entanglement --- surface codes --- quantum cryptography --- quantum key distribution --- quantum network --- measurement-device-independent --- mean-king’s problem --- mean multi-kings’ problem --- information disturbance theorem --- QKD --- distillation --- amplification --- reconciliation --- quantum identity authentication --- private equality tests --- conclusive exclusion --- single-photon mode --- synchronization --- algorithm --- detection probability --- vulnerability --- twin-field quantum key distribution --- phase-matching --- discrete phase randomization --- intrinsic bit error rate --- the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm --- EPR pairs --- quantum entanglement --- quantum information theory --- geometrical optics restricted eavesdropping --- secret key distillation --- satellite-to-satellite --- physical layer security --- secret key generation --- injection attacks --- jamming attacks --- pilot randomization --- clock synchronization --- Bayesian statistics --- oblivious transfer --- post-quantum cryptography --- universal composability --- n/a --- mean-king's problem --- mean multi-kings' problem