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This book explains theoretical derivations and presents expressions for fluid and convective turbulent flow of mildly elastic fluids in various internal and external flow situations involving different types of geometries, such as the smooth/rough circular pipes, annular ducts, curved tubes, vertical flat plates, and channels. Understanding the methodology of the analyses facilitates appreciation for the rationale used for deriving expressions of parameters relevant to the turbulent flow of mildly elastic fluids. This knowledge serves as a driving force for developing new ideas, investigating new situations, and extending theoretical analyses to other unexplored areas of the rheology of mildly elastic drag reducing fluids. The book suits a range of functions--it can be used to teach elective upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses for chemical engineers, material scientists, mechanical engineers, and polymer scientists; guide researchers unexposed to this alluring and interesting area of drag reduction; and serve as a reference to all who want to explore and expand the areas dealt with in this book.

Fluid mechanics. --- Fluids. --- Aerospace engineering. --- Astronautics. --- Mechanics. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Aerospace Technology and Astronautics. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Space sciences --- Aeronautics --- Astrodynamics --- Space flight --- Space vehicles --- Aeronautical engineering --- Astronautics --- Engineering --- Hydraulics --- Mechanics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Rheology. --- Drag (Aerodynamics) --- Aerodynamic forces --- Aerodynamic load --- Aerodynamics --- Air resistance --- Base flow (Aerodynamics) --- Lift (Aerodynamics) --- Colloids --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Elasticity --- Plasticity --- Viscosity

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This book explores the Energy Minimization Multi-scale (EMMS) theory and the drag model for heterogeneous gas-solid fluidized flows. The results show that the cluster density plays a critical role with regard to drag. A novel cluster model is proposed and indicates that the profile of cluster density is single-peaked with the maximum value located at solid concentrations of 0.1~0.15. The EMMS theory is improved with the cluster model and an accurate drag model is developed. The model’s universality is achieved by investigating the relationship between the heterogeneity and flow patterns. The drag model is subsequently verified numerically and experimentally.

Thermodynamics --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Physics --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Fluidization. --- Drag (Aerodynamics) --- Fluid bed processes --- Fluidized systems --- Aerodynamic forces --- Aerodynamic load --- Aerodynamics --- Air resistance --- Base flow (Aerodynamics) --- Lift (Aerodynamics) --- Bulk solids flow --- Fluid dynamics --- Engineering. --- Thermodynamics. --- Chemical engineering. --- Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Heat engineering. --- Heat transfer. --- Mass transfer. --- Mass transport (Physics) --- Transport theory --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Mechanical engineering

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Fluid–structure interactions (FSIs) play a crucial role in the design, construction, service and maintenance of many engineering applications, e.g., aircraft, towers, pipes, offshore platforms and long-span bridges. The old Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) is probably one of the most infamous examples of serious accidents due to the action of FSIs. Aircraft wings and wind-turbine blades can be broken because of FSI-induced oscillations. To alleviate or eliminate these unfavorable effects, FSIs must be dealt with in ocean, coastal, offshore and marine engineering to design safe and sustainable engineering structures. In addition, the wind effects on plants and the resultant wind-induced motions are examples of FSIs in nature. To meet the objectives of progress and innovation in FSIs in various scenarios of engineering applications and control schemes, this book includes 15 research studies and collects the most recent and cutting-edge developments on these relevant issues. The topics cover different areas associated with FSIs, including wind loads, flow control, energy harvesting, buffeting and flutter, complex flow characteristics, train–bridge interactions and the application of neural networks in related fields. In summary, these complementary contributions in this publication provide a volume of recent knowledge in the growing field of FSIs.

aerodynamic forces --- pressure distribution --- turbulence intensity --- twin-box girder --- trailing-edge reattachment --- trailing edge --- trailing-edge-changeable streamlined section mode --- limit cycle flutter --- hard flutter --- flutter stability --- wind engineering --- wind tunnel test --- wind-train-bridge system --- flow visualization --- flapping fringe --- CFD simulation --- vortex attenuation --- aerodynamics enhancement --- unsteady aerodynamic force --- single box girder --- Strouhal number --- linear stability analysis --- high-speed train --- enclosed housing for sound emission alleviation --- pressure wave --- unsteady aerodynamic pressure --- load patterns --- wake control --- drag reduction --- MSBC --- square cylinder --- numerical simulation --- wind characteristics --- wind tunnel testing --- complex terrain --- model truncation --- transition section --- deep learning --- prediction --- aerostatic performance --- shape --- convolutional neural networks --- long-span bridge --- buffeting response --- sectional model --- aerodynamic admittance --- integrated transfer function --- flow control --- traveling wave wall --- circular cylinder --- CFD --- wind turbines --- aerodynamic characteristics --- vortex shedding --- time domain method --- frequency domain method --- background and resonance coupled components --- wind induced dynamic responses --- equivalent static wind load --- aerodynamic shape optimization --- surrogate model --- wind energy harvester --- galloping --- passive jet control --- tower wake characteristics --- cobra probe --- n/a