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Test bias. --- Examinations --- Test results --- Test validity --- Validity of examinations --- Bias in tests --- Prejudice in testing --- Discrimination in education --- Educational tests and measurements --- Validity. --- Interpretation --- Validity --- Test fairness

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Integrating Timing Considerations to Improve Testing Practices synthesizes a wealth of theory and research on time issues in assessment into actionable advice for test development, administration, and scoring. One of the major advantages of computer-based testing is the capability to passively record test-taking metadata-including how examinees use time and how time affects testing outcomes. This has opened many questions for testing administrators. Is there a trade-off between speed and accuracy in test taking? What considerations should influence equitable decisions about extended-time accommodations? How can test administrators use timing data to balance the costs and resulting validity of tests administered at commercial testing centers? In this comprehensive volume, experts in the field discuss the impact of timing considerations, constraints, and policies on valid score interpretations; administrative accommodations, test construction, and examinees' experiences and behaviors; and how to implement the findings into practice. These 12 chapters provide invaluable resources for testing professionals to better understand the inextricable links between effective time allocation and the purposes of high-stakes testing. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Examinations --- Educational tests and measurements --- Validity. --- Educational assessment --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Psychological tests --- Test results --- Test validity --- Validity of examinations --- Rating of --- Interpretation

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Precision medicine is rapidly becoming the standard-of-care for the treatment of cancer patients. This is made possible, in part, by the ready availability and reasonable costs of comprehensive DNA and RNA sequencing assays. However, precision medicine is complex and incorporates entirely new types of data and treatment paradigms that are outside of the training of most oncologists in practice today. Precision Medicine Oncology: A Primer is a concise review of the fundamental principles and applications of precision medicine, intended for clinicians, particularly those working in oncology. It provides an accessible introduction to the technological advances in DNA and RNA sequencing, gives a detailed overview of approaches to the interpretation of molecular test results and their point-of-care implementation for individual patients, and describes innovative clinical trial designs in oncology as well as characteristics of the computational infrastructures through which massive quantities of data are collected, stored, and used in precision medicine oncology.

Tumors --- Medical Oncology --- Precision Medicine --- Neoplasms --- Tumours --- Pathology --- Cysts (Pathology) --- Oncology --- therapy. --- Individualized medicine --- Personalized medicine --- Medical care --- Pharmacogenetics --- Medicine, oncology, precision medicine, cancer, cancer treatment, cancer patients, clinicians, medical practice, DNA, RNA, comprehensive DNA sequencing, comprehensive RNA sequencing, technological advances, molecular test results, oncologists, medical students, fellows in oncology, nurses, physician assistants, molecular tumor board, next-generation sequencing, comprehensive genomic profiling, individualized medicine.

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English language -- Study and teaching -- Foreign speakers. --- Examinations -- Interpretation. --- Students with disabilities. --- Examinations --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Theory & Practice of Education --- Interpretation --- English language --- Interpretation. --- Study and teaching --- Foreign speakers. --- EFL (Language study) --- English as a foreign language --- English as a second language --- English to speakers of other languages --- ESL (Language study) --- ESOL (Language study) --- Teaching English as a second language --- TEFL (Language study) --- TESL (Language study) --- Handicapped students --- Interpretation of examinations --- Test interpretation --- Test results --- Foreign students --- People with disabilities --- Validity --- Germanic languages

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This book provides an introduction to test equating, scaling, and linking, including those concepts and practical issues that are critical for developers and all other testing professionals.  In addition to statistical procedures, successful equating, scaling, and linking involves many aspects of testing, including procedures to develop tests, to administer and score tests, and to interpret scores earned on tests. Test equating methods are used with many standardized tests in education and psychology to ensure that scores from multiple test forms can be used interchangeably.  Test scaling is the process of developing score scales that are used when scores on standardized tests are reported. In test linking, scores from two or more tests are related to one another. Linking has received much recent attention, due largely to investigations of linking similarly named tests from different test publishers or tests constructed for different purposes. In recent years, researchers from the education, psychology, and statistics communities have contributed to the rapidly growing statistical and psychometric methodologies used in test equating, scaling, and linking. In addition to the literature covered in previous editions, this new edition presents coverage of significant recent research. In order to assist researchers, advanced graduate students and testing professionals, examples are used frequently, and conceptual issues are stressed. New material includes model determination in log-linear smoothing, in-depth presentation of chained linear and equipercentile equating, equating criteria, test scoring, and a new section on scores for mixed-format tests. In the third edition, each chapter contains a reference list, rather than having a single reference list at the end of the volume  The themes of the third edition include: * the purposes of equating, scaling and linking and their practical context * data collection designs * statistical methodology * designing reasonable and useful equating, scaling, and linking studies * importance of test development and quality control processes to equating * equating error, and the underlying statistical assumptions for equating.

Examinations -- Interpretation. --- Examinations -- Scoring. --- Examinations --Design and construction. --- Mathematical statistics. --- Psychological tests --Standards. --- Examinations --- Psychological tests --- Educational tests and measurements --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Theory & Practice of Education --- Scoring --- Interpretation --- Design and construction --- Standards --- Scoring. --- Interpretation. --- Design and construction. --- Standards. --- Educational assessment --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Psychological assessment --- Tests, Psychological --- Test construction --- Test design --- Interpretation of examinations --- Test interpretation --- Test results --- Remote scoring of examinations --- Scoring of examinations --- Self-scoring of examinations --- Test scoring --- Statistics. --- Assessment. --- Psychometrics. --- Statistics for Social Science, Behavorial Science, Education, Public Policy, and Law. --- Assessment, Testing and Evaluation. --- Statistics for Social Science, Behavioral Science, Education, Public Policy, and Law. --- Measurement, Mental --- Measurement, Psychological --- Psychological measurement --- Psychological scaling --- Psychological statistics --- Psychology --- Psychometry (Psychophysics) --- Scaling, Psychological --- Scaling (Social sciences) --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Measurement --- Scaling --- Methodology --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Testing --- Clinical psychology --- Rating of --- Validity --- Educational tests and measuremen. --- Statistics for Social Sciences, Humanities, Law. --- Statistics .