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The main challenge in modern solvent extraction separation is that most techniques are mainly empirical, specific and particular for narrow fields of practice and require a large degree of experimentation. This concise and modern book provides a complete overview of both solvent extraction separation techniques and the novel and unified competitive complexation/solvation theory. This novel and unified technique presented in the book provides a key for a preliminary quantitative prediction of suitable extraction systems without experimentation, thus saving researchers time and resources.

Solvent extraction. --- Extraction (Chemistry) --- Phase partition --- Solvents

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This book recognizes the growing role of solvent extraction and electrowinning technology in the global copper business. This process is an efficient and cost-effective way to extract copper. These proceedings document the present status of the SX-EW business. It represents a substantial body of historical, scientific, engineering, and commercial information regarding the growth and application of the technology. Sections include: the Business and Technology of SX-EW, Theory and Practice of Copper Leaching, Theory and Practice of Tankhouse Operations, and Theory and Practice of Solvent Extract

Copper --- Solvent extraction. --- Extraction (Chemistry) --- Phase partition --- Solvents --- Electrometallurgy.

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Remediation of chlorinated solvent source zones is very difficult, at times controversial, and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface, as well as site specific geology, chemistry, biology and hydrogeology.  This volume begins with an overview of the current state-of-the-practice that serves as an introduction to the rest of the book. The second chapter summarizes the challenges involved in source zone remediation, which has been and remains contentious, expensive and difficult, for a variety of reasons. Following are chapters providing more focused discussions of specific aspects of this overall challenge: ·         Two chapters on source zone characterization, the first summarizing the current issues and techniques, and the second focusing on several innovative diagnostic methods. ·         Two chapters on modeling, the first focused on modeling source zone remediation itself, and the second focused on the responses of downgradient plumes to source remediation. ·         A chapter on the use of mass flux and mass discharge information to improve source zone management and remediation.   ·         A series of chapters on specific source zone remediation methods, including hydraulic displacement and recovery, in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO), in situ chemical reduction (ISCR), enhanced flushing with cosolvents and surfactants, in situ bioremediation, and finally source zone monitored natural attenuation. ·         A chapter on combined remedies, discussing the fundamental issues involved in developing effective combined remedies. ·         A chapter on the costs of source zone treatment, using several hypothetical site scenarios, comparing different technologies on a total and net present cost basis. The last two chapters consider the future of source zone remediation, beginning with a discussion of alternate management strategies, followed by a summary of the research and development needed to improve the state of the practice.  Each chapter in this volume has been reviewed for technical content by two or more experts in each subject area covered. This volume will provide a useful reference for practitioners, researchers and students involved in remediation of chlorinated solvent source zones.

Environmental management. --- Environmental engineering. --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Environmental protection --- Pollution --- Sustainable engineering --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Biotechnology. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Environmental Management. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Solvent wastes. --- Organochlorine compounds. --- Bioremediation. --- Chlorine organic compounds --- Organochlorines --- Chlorine compounds --- Organohalogen compounds --- Solvent containing wastes --- Waste solvents --- Wastes, Solvent --- Factory and trade waste --- Environmental biotechnology --- Biodegradation

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Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are pharmaceutically accepted systems not only because they typically offer a serious enhancement of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) solubility, but also due to their non-toxicity. This fortunate conjuncture allows for designing new media for escalation and controlled release of APIs. For example, composition optimisation of a series of NADES comprising choline chloride with multi-hydroxyl compounds was successfully performed for a set of sulphonamide-based drugs. These results confirmed that NADES in general, and the ones based on choline chloride and glycerol particularly, are an attractive alternative to traditional solvents for sulphonamide dissolution. Experiments augmented with in silico modelling can offer deeper insights into the thermodynamic characteristics of these systems and an explanation for the origin of the observed solubility enhancement. Research of this type offers universal resolutions to the problem of low solubility issues for many types of drugs. Of particular interest is that such screening is not restricted to artificial in vitro environments but can be also easily adopted for the study of modelled in vivo situations. One of very important and interesting examples is a new curcumin–NADES formulation preserving its beneficial properties even after dilution with FaSSIF solution, which mimicks intestinal absorption.

deep eutectic solvents --- molecularly imprinted polymers --- extraction --- phenolic compounds --- antioxidant activity --- spruce bark --- phytomass --- valorization --- deep eutectic solvent --- composite resins --- hydrogen bond --- eutectic solvents --- natural deep eutectic solvents --- nanostructured ionic solvents --- neoteric solvents --- ionic liquids --- ionic liquid --- hybrid solvent --- CO2 solubility --- Henry’s constant --- viscosity

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This is a well-rounded handbook of fermentation and biochemical engineering presenting techniques for the commercial production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals via fermentation. Emphasis is given to unit operations fermentation, separation, purification, and recovery. Principles, process design, and equipment are detailed. Environment aspects are covered. The practical aspects of development, design, and operation are stressed. Theory is included to provide the necessary insight for a particular operation. Problems addressed are the collection of pilot data, choice of scale-up paramet

General biochemistry --- Pneumatic energy. Refrigeration --- Biochemical engineering --- Biotechnology --- heat pumps --- biochemistry --- heat exchangers --- bioengineering --- solvent --- warmtewisselaars --- fermentatie --- biochemie --- biotechnologie --- chemische technologie --- warmtepompen --- Fermentation --- Ferments --- Chemistry --- Industrial microbiology --- Microbiological synthesis --- Leavening agents --- Bio-process engineering --- Bioprocess engineering --- Biochemistry --- Chemical engineering