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Earth Sciences --- Geography --- Géographie --- Periodicals --- Societies --- Périodiques --- Sociétés savantes et instituts --- EJGEOGR EJTERRE EPUB-ALPHA-B EPUB-PER-FT PERSEE-E --- Géographie --- Geography. --- Geografie. --- GEOGRAPHY. --- Societies, etc.

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Comment saisir l’activité intellectuelle à l’époque moderne ? Comment faire dialoguer des traditions historiographiques – la française et l’italienne – qui, pour être proches au plan géographique, n’en mobilisent pas moins des questionnaires, des méthodes, des objets divergents ? En quoi un travail de ce type peut-il contribuer à l’analyse du travail intellectuel contemporain ? Le volume qu’on présente ici offre les résultats d’un programme de recherche qui a accueilli pendant cinq ans, à l’École française de Rome, des chercheurs italiens et français engagés dans une analyse comparative susceptible de contribuer à l’éclairage de ces questions. Trois sites, Naples, Rome, Florence, ont alimenté la comparaison sur la base d’un questionnaire commun dont les résultats sont proposés dans les trois textes de synthèse correspondant à chacune des villes. Des études locales et plus circonstanciées sont venues enrichir ces textes de synthèse, ainsi que des recherches engageant conjointement les trois villes. L’adjonction d’annexes et d’une large bibliographie offre des outils de travail susceptibles d’approfondir la recherche et de prolonger la réflexion.

Learned institutions and societies --- Italy --- History --- Intellectuals --- Learning and scholarship --- Naples (Italy) --- Intellectual life --- Rome (Italy) --- Florence (Italy) --- 1559-1789 --- Sociétés savantes et instituts --- Intellectuels --- Savoir et érudition --- History. --- Histoire --- Naples (Italie) --- Rome (Italie) --- Florence (Italie) --- Italie --- Intellectural life. --- Vie intellectuelle --- Academies (Learned societies) --- Learned societies --- Scholarly societies --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Rome (Italy : Commune) --- Rome (Italy : Governatorato) --- Rūmah (Italy) --- Roma (Italy) --- Rom (Italy) --- Rím (Italy) --- Rzym (Italy) --- Comune di Roma (Italy) --- Rome --- Napulj (Italy) --- Neapel (Italy) --- Neapolis (Italy) --- Nápoly (Italy) --- Napoli (Italy) --- Nápoles (Italy) --- Comune di Napoli --- Florent︠s︡ii︠a︡ (Italy) --- Firenze (Italy) --- Florencia (Italy) --- Florença (Italy) --- Florenz (Italy) --- Florentia (Italy) --- Florence (Tuscany) --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Rome (Italy : Comune) --- Learned institutions and societies - Italy - History. --- République romaine --- académies --- académie de la Crusca --- Florence --- Naples --- académie Fiorentina --- intellectuels

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While previous studies have contrasted the relative optimism of middle-class social scientists before 1848 with a later period of concern for national decline and racial degeneration, Staum demonstrates that the earlier learned societies were also fearful of turmoil at home and interested in adventure abroad. Both geographers and ethnologists created concepts of fundamental "racial" inequality that prefigured the imperialist "associationist" discourse of the Third Republic, believing that European tutelage would guide "civilizable" peoples, and providing an open invitation to dominate and exploit the "uncivilizable."

Physical anthropology --- Phrenology --- Racism --- Learned institutions and societies --- Racism in anthropology --- Imperialism --- Anthropology --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Human biology --- Academies (Learned societies) --- Learned societies --- Scholarly societies --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Bias, Racial --- Race bias --- Race prejudice --- Racial bias --- Prejudices --- Anti-racism --- Critical race theory --- Race relations --- Brain --- Characters and characteristics --- Craniology --- Head --- Psychology --- Mind and body --- Pathognomy --- Physiognomy --- History --- Localization of functions --- Société phrénologique de Paris --- Société de géographie de Paris --- Société ethnologique de Paris --- Paris Phrenological Society --- History. --- France --- Bro-C'hall --- Fa-kuo --- Fa-lan-hsi --- Faguo --- Falanxi --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- Faransā --- Farānsah --- França --- Francia (Republic) --- Francija --- Francja --- Francland --- Francuska --- Franis --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Frankrig --- Frankrijk --- Frankrike --- Frankryk --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Franse Republiek --- Frant︠s︡ --- Frant︠s︡ Uls --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Franza --- French Republic --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- Frenska republika --- Furansu --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Gallia --- Gallia (Republic) --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- Hyãsia --- Parancis --- Peurancih --- Phransiya --- Pransiya --- Pransya --- Prantsusmaa --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Ranska --- República Francesa --- Republica Franzesa --- Republika Francuska --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- Republikang Pranses --- République française --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Γαλλία --- Франц --- Франц Улс --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Францыя --- Франция --- Френска република --- פראנקרייך --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- فرانسه --- فرنسا --- フランス --- フランス共和国 --- 法国 --- 法蘭西 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- 프랑스 --- France (Provisional government, 1944-1946) --- Colonies --- Racisme --- Sociétés savantes et instituts --- Sciences sociales --- Impérialisme --- Histoire --- Société de géographie (France) --- Histoire. --- Société de géographie de France --- Société de géographie, Paris --- 19th century --- Paris (France) --- Social sciences