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"Words are the foundation, the building blocks of language. In this book, Walter Hirtle presents the word as the smallest element of meaning in the brain. He also explores how thoughts in the mind of a speaker become a succession of spoken words that get translated back into meaning in the mind of a listener. Inspired by the work of the French linguist Gustave Guillaume and last of a series, The Word and its Ways in English is a study of the way the word is configured in English, an attempt to discern its nature. His exploration covers different categories of words and how grammatical components such as person, case and gender, contribute to the word's overall meaning and are intimately linked to the mind. The Word and its Ways in English is thought provoking for anybody seeking a deeper understanding of the link between language, meaning and words."--
English language --- Parts of speech. --- Word formation. --- Morphology --- Germanic languages
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Much recent scholarship has sought to identify the linguistic and social factors that favor the expression or omission of subject pronouns in Spanish. This volume brings together leading experts on the topic of language variation in Spanish to provide a panoramic view of research trends, develop probabilistic models of grammar, and investigate the impact of language contact on pronoun expression. The book consists of three sections. The first studies the distributional patterns and conditioning forces on subject pronoun expression in four monolingual varieties-Dominican, Colombian, Mexican, an
Spanish language --- Castilian language --- Romance languages --- Grammar. --- Parts of speech. --- Dialects. --- Pronouns.
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Ningún estudio de conjunto ha trazado hasta la fecha la historia de los «relacionantes locativos» del castellano, esto es, de las preposiciones, adverbios transitivos y locuciones preposicionales y adverbiales empleadas en esa variedad para la localización espacial de entidades. Este libro ofrece, a partir de un corpus fiable, una caracterización diasistemática completa de estas piezas, así como nuevas hipótesis acerca de sus correlaciones. There is no survey study to date that would have analyzed the history of spatial relations in Castilian Spanish, i.e. the prepositions, transitive adverbs as well as prepositional and adverbial locutions used for the spatial localization of entities. Based on an extensive corpus, this book offers a complete diasystematic characterization of these aspects and discusses new hypotheses with regard to their correlations.
Spanish language --- Historical linguistics --- Space and time in language --- Parts of speech --- History --- Space and time in language. --- Parts of speech. --- History. --- Castilian language --- Romance languages --- Language and languages --- E-books --- Spanish language - Parts of speech --- Spanish language - History --- Grammaticalization (Adverbs). --- History of the Spanish Language. --- Prepositional Systems. --- Spatial Localization.
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Lexikalische Kategorisierung ist eines der ältesten, zentralen und zugleich umstrittensten Themen der Sprachwissenschaft. In dieser Studie wird eine gebrauchsbasierte Theorie lexikalischer Kategorisierung entwickelt, die eine Synthese kognitivistischer (R. Langacker) und diskursfunktionaler Ansätze (P. Hopper, S.A. Thompson) darstellt. Lexikalische Einheiten werden dabei als Konstruktionen unterschiedlicher Komplexität und Schematizität aufgefasst, die nicht statisch klar begrenzten Kategorien angehören, sondern einem dynamischen Prozess der Kategorisierung unterliegen. In diesem Prozess erwerben, realisieren und modifizieren sie Verwendungsprädispositionen im Wechselspiel zwischen individuellem sprachlichem Wissen und kontextspezifischem Sprechen, das stets sozial und auf ein Gegenüber hin orientiert ist. Eine auf authentischen Fallbeispielen beruhende Untersuchung zur Groß- und Kleinschreibung und zur Getrennt- und Zusammenschreibung im Deutschen zeigt dann, dass sich Phänomene wie kategoriale Unschärfe und Prototypikalität, die auf der Basis des theoretisch Dargelegten erwartbar sind, in der Praxis des Schreibens tatsächlich anzutreffen sind.
German language --- Categorization (Linguistics) --- Parts of speech --- Categorization (Linguistics). --- Grammatik. --- Lexikologie. --- Parts of speech. --- 801.3 --- 801.5 --- 801.5 Grammatica --- Grammatica --- 801.3 Lexicografie. Woordenboeken --- Lexicografie. Woordenboeken --- Study and teaching. --- Ashkenazic German language --- Hochdeutsch --- Judaeo-German language (German) --- Judendeutsch language --- Judeo-German language (German) --- Jüdisch-Deutsch language --- Jüdischdeutsch language --- Germanic languages --- Classification (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Study and teaching --- E-books --- Deutsch. --- German language - Parts of speech --- Discourse Analysis. --- Grammar. --- Lexicology. --- Catégorisation (linguistique) --- Allemand (langue) --- Grammaire
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Grammar --- Pragmatics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Parts of speech. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Pronouns --- Pronoun. --- Philosophy --- Grammatical categories --- Function words --- Nominals --- Reflexives --- Linguistics --- Philology
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This study presents a unified, economic account of the intricate relationship between form, meaning and interpretation in the Norwegian nominal system – without reference to polysemy. It covers all kinds of nominal signs, i.e. nouns, adjectives, pronouns and determiners, as well as the conventionalised syntactic combinations between them. Among its central innovations is the introduction of the feature general number into Norwegian morphology.
Language and languages. --- Norwegian language --- Langage et langues --- Norvégien (Langue) --- Nominals --- Noun --- Parts of speech --- Grammar. --- Nominaux --- Nom --- Parties du discours --- Grammaire --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Neo-Saussurean Theory. --- Norwegian.
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Parts of Speech are a central aspect of linguistic theory and analysis. Though a long-established tradition in Western linguistics and philosophy has assumed the validity of Parts of Speech in the study of language, there are still many questions left unanswered. For example, should Parts of Speech be treated as descriptive tools or are they to be considered universal constructs? Is it possible to come up with cross-linguistically valid formal categories, or are categories of language structure ultimately language-specific? Should they be defined semantically, syntactically, or otherwise? Do non-Indo-European languages reveal novel aspects of categorical assignment? This volume attempts to answer these and other fundamental questions for linguistic theory and its methodology by offering a range of contributions that spans diverse theoretical persuasions and contributes to our understanding of Parts of Speech with analyses of new data sets. These articles were originally published in Studies in Language 32:3 (2008).
Grammar --- Parts of speech. --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic universals. --- Language and languages --- Universals (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Categories, Grammatical --- Grammatical categories --- Categorization (Linguistics) --- Componential analysis (Linguistics) --- Grammatical categories. --- Universals --- Major form classes --- Philology
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A Functional Account of Marathi's Voice Phenomena offers a comprehensive account of the formal and semantic aspects of the two most prominent voice phenomena in Marathi: the passive and the causative. Previous studies offer many partial insights into various aspects of Marathi’s passives and causatives. However, a comprehensive description of the formal, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of Marathi’s passives and causatives as not been available so far. Attempting to fill this gap, the present monograph offers a description in the functional-typological framework. At the same time it introduces the reader to the rich tradition of grammatical studies in Marathi, which up to now have remained inaccessible to those who are unfamiliar with the language.
Marathi language --- Functionalism (Linguistics) --- Functional analysis (Linguistics) --- Functional grammar --- Functional linguistics --- Functional-structural analysis (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Functional --- Grammatical functions --- Linguistics --- Structural linguistics --- Mahratta language --- Mahratti language --- Murathee language --- Indo-Aryan languages, Modern --- Voice. --- Verb. --- Parts of speech. --- Grammar.
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For decades, generative linguistics has said little about the differences between verbs, nouns, and adjectives. This book seeks to fill this theoretical gap by presenting simple and substantive syntactic definitions of these three lexical categories. Mark C. Baker claims that the various superficial differences found in particular languages have a single underlying source which can be used to give better characterizations of these 'parts of speech'. These definitions are supported by data from languages from every continent, including English, Italian, Japanese, Edo, Mohawk, Chichewa, Quechua, Choctaw, Nahuatl, Mapuche, and several Austronesian and Australian languages. Baker argues for a formal, syntax-oriented, and universal approach to the parts of speech, as opposed to the functionalist, semantic, and relativist approaches that have dominated the few previous works on this subject. This book will be welcomed by researchers and students of linguistics and by related cognitive scientists of language.
Parts of speech --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Noun --- Adjective --- Grammatical categories --- Verb --- Parts of speech. --- Adjective. --- Grammatical categories. --- Noun. --- Verb. --- -Grammar, Comparative and general --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative --- -Comparative grammar --- Categories, Grammatical --- Categorization (Linguistics) --- Componential analysis (Linguistics) --- Verb phrase --- Verbals --- Reflexives --- Nominals --- Major form classes --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Noun --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Adjective --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Grammatical categories --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Verb
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This is a major cross-linguistic study of 'flexible words', i.e. words that cannot be classified in terms of the traditional lexical categories verb, noun, adjective or adverb. It includes new cross-linguistic studies of word class systems as well as original descriptive and theoretical contributions.
Phonetics --- Grammar --- 801.56 --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Word (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Typology (Linguistics). --- Word (Linguistics). --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Parts of speech. --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Categories, Grammatical --- Grammatical categories --- Categorization (Linguistics) --- Componential analysis (Linguistics) --- Grammatical categories. --- Major form classes --- Linguistics --- Philology
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