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For a number of years, plastic wastes have been accumulating at such a rate that there are now huge environmental concerns with their disposal. Options such as landfill and incineration have not been well received by the public, or indeed government legislation, and focus is now firmly upon the use of biodegradable alternatives for mass applications. One material that has been considered for mass application has been polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH). To date, the use of this material has been confined to comparativey low technology applications such as paper coatings and fibre sizing, which rely upon
Polyvinyl alcohol. --- Vinyl polymers. --- Ethenyl --- Plastics --- Alcohols --- Vinyl polymers
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In the landscape of the design of carbon nanomaterials, the fine-tuning of their functionalities and physico-chemical properties has increased their potential for therapeutic, diagnostic, and biosensing applications. In this editorial, we will provide a brief overview of the contents of this Special Issue. In particular, nanoplatforms originating from the synergistic combination of carbon-based nanomaterials (i.e., nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon quantum dots, nanodiamond, etc.) with various functional molecules such as drugs, natural compounds, biomolecules, polymers, metal nanoparticles, and macrocycles that have useful applications in drug delivery, multi-targeted therapies, theranostic as well as scaffolds in tissue engineering, and as sensing materials have been selected for publication as Articles or Mini Reviews. The variety of applications covered by the nine articles published in this Special Issue of Nanomaterials are proof of the growing attention that the use of carbon nanomaterials in the biomedical/pharmaceutical field has received in recent years. We hope that readers find the contents of this Special Issue useful for their research, which is aimed to advance carbon nanomaterials from the laboratory to clinical nanomedicine.
graphene oxide --- covalent functionalization --- cortical membranes --- calcium phosphate deposition --- graphene/gold nanocomposite --- SERS --- Dopamine --- Rhodamine 6G --- nanodiamond --- tritium --- biodistribution --- Ewing sarcoma --- drug delivery --- siRNA --- nanomedicine --- porphyrin --- J-aggregates --- carbon nanotubes --- nanohybrids --- graphene --- liquid biopsy --- circulating tumor cells --- exosomes --- circulating nucleic acids --- COVID-19 --- pyrrole --- cancer --- doxorubicin --- drug delivery systems --- nanoparticles --- carbon dots --- platelet aggregation --- arterial thrombosis --- signaling molecules --- bleeding disorder --- cytotoxicity --- carbon nanomaterials --- camptothecin --- Caco-2 --- MCF-7 --- NanoHy-GPS --- antibacterial nanosystems --- one-pot microwave-assisted reaction --- silver nanoparticles --- polyvinyl alcohol --- n/a
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Flexible Electronics platforms are increasingly used in the fields of sensors, displays, and energy conversion with the ultimate goal of facilitating their ubiquitous integration in our daily lives. Some of the key advantages associated with flexible electronic platforms are: bendability, lightweight, elastic, conformally shaped, nonbreakable, roll-to-roll manufacturable, and large-area. To realize their full potential, however, it is necessary to develop new methods for the fabrication of multifunctional flexible electronics at a reduced cost and with an increased resistance to mechanical fatigue. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase short communications, research papers, and review articles that focus on novel methodological development for the fabrication, and integration of flexible electronics in healthcare, environmental monitoring, displays and human-machine interactivity, robotics, communication and wireless networks, and energy conversion, management, and storage.
hydrophobic paper --- n/a --- conformal design --- stretchability --- stretchable circuits --- long-term plasticity --- tunnel encapsulation --- bio-integrated devices --- epidermal sensors --- artificial synapses --- droplet circuits --- stretchable electronics --- island-bridge --- bottom-up approaches --- liquid metal --- feedback control --- durability --- dry/wet conditions --- solution electronics --- nano-fabrication --- surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) --- electronic measurements --- Polyvinyl Alcohol --- wireless power --- quantum tunneling effect --- low-cost manufacture --- non-developable surface --- top-down approaches --- reliability --- microwave photonics --- tissue adhesives --- temperature sensor --- brain-like intelligence --- electron transport --- wearable stimulators --- variable optical attenuator (VOA) --- ionic conduction --- design metrics --- flexible electronics --- flexible organic electronics --- soft biological tissue --- neuromorphic computing --- wearable heater --- quantum computing --- epidermal electronics --- tunable adhesion --- paper electronics
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This book focuses on the preparation and characterisation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ halloysite nanotube (HNT) bionanocomposite films with different HNT contents for potential use in food packaging. It examines the effect of material composition and nanofiller content on mechanical, thermal and optical properties in relation to their morphological structures, and also comprehensively describes the water resistance, biodegradation and migration rates of such bionanocomposites, as well as their barrier properties in terms of water vapour transmission, and water vapour, air and oxygen permeabilities. Further, this book discusses the use of Nielsen model and Cussler model to predict the relative permeability of bionanocomposites, demonstrating that Nielsen model is more effective and in better agreement with experimental data obtained. Lastly, it discusses the application of bionanocomposite films in food packaging to prolong the shelf life of freshly cut avocados and peaches.
Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Materials science. --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Nanotechnology. --- Nanochemistry. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Food Science. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Nanoscale chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Nanoscience --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Environmental protection --- Pollution --- Sustainable engineering --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Analytical chemistry --- Nanocomposites (Materials) --- Polyvinyl alcohol. --- Alcohols --- Vinyl polymers --- Nanocomposite materials --- Nanostructured composite materials --- Nanostructured composites --- Composite materials --- Nanostructured materials
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This Special Issue explored different topics concerning recent progress in the synthesis and characterization of suitable innovative macromolecular systems, proposed as carriers of specific antimicrobial molecules, to be employed in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Many infectious diseases are induced by omnipresent micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and algae, and, consequently, are very common, accounting for a significant share of the global disease burden. Unfortunately, antimicrobial resistance, adverse effects, and the high cost of antimicrobials are crucial health challenges worldwide. One of the common efforts in addressing this issue lies in improving the existing antimicrobial delivery systems. In this regard, nanoparticles as well as three-dimensional hydrophilic systems represent valuable tools able to ensure excellent performances. Biocompatible polymeric particles, entrapping these bioactive molecules, are capable of releasing them over a desired period of time, thereby decreasing the frequency of their administration. At the same time, these systems are able to protect antimicrobial drugs from degradation, enhancing their bioavailability. This Special Issue serves to highlight and capture the contemporary progress recorded in this field.
film nanocomposite --- essential oil --- supercritical CO2 --- long-term package --- hybrid nanoparticles --- biocompatible polymer --- antimicrobial amphiphiles --- dynamic light scattering --- scanning electron microscopy --- cell viability from counting of colony-forming unities --- antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles --- Escherichia coli --- Staphylococcus aureus --- Candida albicans --- hydrogel --- polyvinyl alcohol --- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids --- sustained release --- linezolid --- equilibrium swelling ratio --- accumulative release --- thermogravimetric analysis --- gram-negative bacteria --- multidrug resistance --- polymer therapeutics --- colistin --- polymyxin B --- nanoliposomes --- MDR-Bacteria --- chitosan --- nanotechnologies --- plant extracts --- agro-food-wastes --- antimicrobial agents --- polymeric nanocarriers --- mixed polymeric micelles --- drug delivery --- antibiotics --- Pluronic F127 --- antimicrobial agent --- polymeric nanomaterial --- self-assembly --- antimicrobial peptide --- silver nanoparticle --- anti-biofilm --- wound healing --- bromelain --- nisin --- bioactivity --- biomedicine --- carrier --- n/a
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This Special Issue aims to highlight the dual potential of novel biocatalytic processes, where the first part is dedicated to waste valorization for the production of high value products, while the second part is focused on the detoxification of pollutants. Several examples of microbial systems employed for the valorization of waste streams derived by the forest, agricultural, and food industries or the use of whole-cell or enzyme approaches for the removal of nitrogen or dyes from industrial wastewaters are provided. Last but not least, an example of the utilization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) was highlighted for the production of fatty acids, which were used for the enzymatic synthesis of sugar esters with antimicrobial properties.
mixotrophic --- heterotrophic --- lipids --- fatty acid methyl esters --- dairy wastewater --- birch hydrolysate --- green algae --- Coelastrella --- Chlorella --- DyP peroxidase --- oxidoreductase --- reactive dye --- decolorization --- biopolymers --- medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) --- hydrolysed waste cooking oil --- Pseudomonas putida KT2440 --- biocatalysis --- bioprocess --- polyhydroxyalkanoate --- (R)-3-hydroxyacids --- sugar esters --- antimicrobial --- anammox --- immobilization --- wastewater treatment --- polyvinyl alcohol --- olive mill waste --- lignocellulosic residues --- Ganoderma lucidum --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- medicinal mushrooms --- glucan --- prebiotic --- Lactobacillus --- Bifidobacterium --- waste valorization --- laccase --- genome-mining --- heterologous expression --- Pseudomonas --- non-digestible oligosaccharides --- Celluclast® --- cellobiose --- conduritol-B-epoxide --- lignocellulose enzyme hydrolysis --- n/a
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This Special Issue on “Polymer Membranes for Gas Separation” of the journal Membranes aims to offer an overview about the different applications and strategies available to improve the separation performances based on the material choice and the process conditions.Various topics have been discussed, including the synthesis and characterization of novel membrane materials, membrane aging, and the impact of process conditions on transport phenomena.
gas separation --- CO2 capture --- mixed-matrix membranes --- aromatic poly(imide)s --- bulky pendant groups --- gas permeability --- structure-property relationship --- polyphenylacetylene --- cis-cisoid conformation --- cis-transoid conformation --- carbamate group --- membrane-forming ability --- solubility --- oxygen permeation membrane --- graphdiyne --- molecular simulation --- membrane separation --- hydrogen purification --- polyimide membrane --- natural gas separation --- pollutant effects --- stability measurements --- facilitated transport --- fixed site carrier membrane --- polyallylamine-polyvinyl alcohol-graphene oxide membrane --- modelling --- carbon capture --- gas permeation --- composite membranes --- CO2/CH4 separation --- water and organic pollutants --- hydrophilic/hydrophobic character --- biogas upgrading --- sustainable energy --- electrochemical hydrogen separation --- electrochemical hydrogen pump --- proton exchange membrane (PEM) --- hydrogen purification/separation --- physical aging --- hyper cross-linked polymer --- 13C spin-lattice relaxation times --- SS-NMR spectroscopy --- n/a
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This book highlights a novel and holistic approach to multiscaled PVA bionanocomposite films used for electrical sensing, medical and packaging applications. With a combination of material characterization and modeling to understand the effect of nanoparticle size and shape, as well as 3D interphase properties and features such as interphase modulus and nanoscale dimensions, this book substantiates how excellent mechanical and thermal properties of these materials are achieved. Also it addresses the importance of using economical and ecofriendly bionanocomposites as potential green materials to support the goal of environmental sustainability with multifunctional properties.
Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Materials science. --- Nanotechnology. --- Biomaterials. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Ceramics. --- Glass. --- Composites (Materials). --- Composite materials. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Materials. --- Composites (Materials) --- Multiphase materials --- Reinforced solids --- Solids, Reinforced --- Two phase materials --- Materials --- Amorphous substances --- Ceramics --- Glazing --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Medicine --- Biomedical engineering --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Physics --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Nanocomposites (Materials) --- Polyvinyl alcohol. --- Alcohols --- Vinyl polymers --- Nanocomposite materials --- Nanostructured composite materials --- Nanostructured composites --- Composite materials --- Nanostructured materials
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Hydrogels are a class of soft materials with crosslinked network structures. They show good biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties similar to those of tissue, so they have a wide range of applications. In recent years, a variety of multifunctional hydrogels with excellent performance have been developed, greatly expanding the depth and breadth of their applications. This book is the reprint of the Special Issue “Advances in Hydrogels”, which focused on the recent advances regarding hydrogels, aiming to provide reference for researchers in related fields. This book included one editorial, thirteen original research articles, and three valuable reviews from thirteen different countries including Canada, China, Thailand, Mexico, India, Saudi Arabia, Chile, Germany, the Czech Republic, Colombia, Romania, Israel, and the USA.
Research & information: general --- Physics --- molecularly imprinted polymeric hydrogels --- synthetic receptors --- zearalenone --- glucuronic acid --- fluorescent sensors --- PEG-PLA --- thermoresponsive hydrogel --- redox-sensitive --- hydrogel --- superabsorbent --- e-beam --- swelling --- crosslinking --- carboxymethyl cellulose --- drying --- RW --- CHD --- radiation penetration depth --- lecithin --- rheology --- scanning electron microscopy --- drying and swelling --- extracellular matrix --- mesh size --- hydrogels --- photopolymers --- volume holography --- photo curing --- multifunctional biomedical biomaterials --- light-responsive materials --- novel formulations --- natural polymer --- synthetic polymer --- topical application --- cryoconcentrated blueberry juice --- stability --- storage --- bioactive compounds content --- antioxidant activity --- water gel --- photocrosslinking --- natural polymer modification --- biomedical-engineering applications --- vitamin D --- nanoemulsion --- gelled matrices --- texture analysis --- gelatin --- sensory evaluation --- gummy --- thermosensitive --- P(OEGMA-co-MEO2MA) --- microgel --- scaffold --- 3D culture --- commercial copper sulfide (CuS) --- alginate --- photothermal therapy (PTT) --- near-infrared II windows --- cancer --- glioblastoma --- mechanobiology --- mechanoreceptor --- mechanotransduction --- quercetin --- cyclodextrin --- polyvinyl alcohol --- inclusion complex --- photo-polymerization --- potassium acrylate-co-acrylamide --- swelling capacity --- multistructured --- adhesive strength --- hydrogen bonding --- n/a
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Amidst impending climate change and enhanced pollution levels around the globe, the need of the hour is to develop bio-based materials that are sustainable and possess comparable performance properties to their synthetic counterparts. In light of the aforementioned, numerous investigations are being conducted to identify, process, and create materials that are concurrently innocuous towards the environment and have superior properties. This book is a collection of such scientific articles that propagate novel ideas for the development of polymeric composite materials, which have application potential in numerous fields such as medicine, automobile, aviation, construction, etc. It also contains a pedagogical article that proposes some strategies to continue experimental research during pandemics. This book will provide readers a quick glance into recent developments regarding polymeric materials and will encourage them to propagate these research ideas further.
solid urban waste --- formaldehyde --- durability --- electrical properties --- mechanical properties --- recycling --- epoxy resin --- flammability --- heat release rate --- microscale combustion calorimetry --- multiple linear regression --- adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system --- polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) --- bionanocomposites --- nanomechanical behaviour --- thin films --- particle size --- model free --- model fitting --- avrami–eroféev --- DAEM --- superhydrophobic surfaces --- self-healing --- natural hierarchical microstructures --- wood --- bio-composite --- linear low density polyethylene --- performance --- straws --- biocomposites --- nanofibers --- electrospinning --- cell culture --- graphene oxide --- barrier properties --- poly(lactic acid) --- clay --- nanocomposite --- permeability --- bacterial cellulose --- metal organic framework --- adsorption --- chitosan --- composite nanofibers --- silk fibroin --- polycaprolactone --- Taguchi --- rheological properties --- DMA --- injection molding --- thermal properties --- natural fibers --- biochar --- carbon fillers --- nanocomposites --- flame retardants --- fire --- n/a --- PHB --- natural fiber --- compatibilizer --- cellulose --- biocomposite --- avrami-eroféev
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