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Agoraphobia, the fear of open spaces, has received minimal attention from sociologists. Yet implicit within psychiatric discussion of this disease is a normative account of society, social order, social ordering, and power relations, making agoraphobia an excellent candidate for sociological interpretation. Narrating Social Order provides the first critical sociological framework for understanding agoraphobia, as well as the issue of psychiatric classification more generally.Shelley Z. Reuter explores three major themes in her analysis: agoraphobia in the context of gender, race, and class; the shift in recent decades from an emphasis on psychoanalytic explanations for mental diseases to an emphasis on strictly biogenic explanations; and, finally, embodiment as a process that occurs in and through disease categories. Reuter provides a close reading of reports of agoraphobia beginning with the first official cases, along with the DSM and its precursors, illustrating how a ?psychiatric narrative? is contained within this clinical discourse. She argues that, while the disease embodies very real physiological and emotional experiences of suffering, implicit in this fluid and shifting discourse are socio-cultural assumptions. These assumptions, and especially the question of what it means, both medically and culturally, to be ?normal? and ?pathological,? demonstrate the overlap between the psychiatric narrative of agoraphobia and socio-cultural narratives of exclusion. Ultimately, Reuter seeks to confront the gap that exists between sociological and psychiatric conceptions of mental disease and to understand the relationship between biomedical and cultural knowledges.

Agoraphobia. --- Mental illness --- Social psychiatry. --- Agoraphobie. --- Maladies mentales --- Psychiatrie sociale. --- Psychiatry, Social --- Clinical sociology --- Mental health --- Psychiatry --- Social medicine --- Social psychology --- Psychology, Pathological --- Nosology --- Fear of being alone --- Fear of open space --- Fear of open spaces --- Isolation, Fear of --- Open space, Fear of --- Open spaces, Fear of --- Panic disorders --- Phobias --- Spatial behavior --- Classification. --- Agoraphobie --- Psychiatrie sociale --- Classification

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In recent years many countries have built or renovated schools incorporating open plan design. These new spaces are advocated on the basis of claims that they promote fresh, productive ways to teach and learn that address the needs of students in this century, resulting in improved academic and well-being outcomes. These new approaches include teachers planning and teaching in teams, grouping students more flexibly, developing more coherent and comprehensive curricula, personalising student learning experiences, and providing closer teacher-student relationships. In this book we report on a three-year study of six low SES Years 7–10 secondary schools in regional Victoria, Australia, where staff and students adapted to these new settings. In researching this transitional phase, we focused on the practical reasoning of school leaders, teachers and students in adapting organisational, pedagogical, and curricular structures to enable sustainable new learning environments. We report on approaches across the different schools to structural organisation of students in year-level groupings, distributed leadership, teacher and pre-service teacher professional learning, student advocacy and wellbeing, use of techno-mediated learning, personalising student learning experiences, and curriculum design and enactment. We found that these new settings posed significant challenges for teachers and students and that successful adaptation depended on many interconnected factors. We draw out the implications for successful adaptation in other like settings.

Education. --- Open plan schools -- Australia -- Victoria -- Case studies. --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Education - General --- Adult education --- Research. --- Study and teaching. --- Pedagogy --- Adult education research --- Education, general. --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Open plan schools. --- Interest centers approach to teaching --- Learning center approach to teaching --- Open classroom approach to teaching --- Open education --- Open schools --- Open-space plan schools --- Free schools --- Individualized instruction --- Experimental methods

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"How can widely acknowledged challenges facing regional secondary schools with high concentrations of low SES students, ineffectual curricula, and poor levels of student engagement, attendance, and wellbeing, be addressed? In this book we report on key outcomes of the Bendigo Education Plan that aimed to improve the academic attainment and wellbeing of 3000 regional secondary students. This Plan entailed rebuilding four Years 7-10 colleges, and developing a differentiated and personalised curriculum, with teachers team-teaching in open-plan settings. We analyse how and why teachers and students adapted to these new practices. We focus on both generic changes in the schools, around the use of ICTs and the organisation of the curriculum, and on specific approaches to teaching and learning in English, mathematics, science, social studies and studio arts. This book provides research-based guidelines on how the curriculum can be renewed and enacted effectively in these and like schools. In analysing a large-scale attempt to address the challenge of making learning personalised and meaningful for this cohort of students, our book addresses larger questions about quality secondary curriculum and successful teacher professional learning support.".

Education - General --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Open plan schools --- Individualized instruction --- Education, Secondary --- Differentiation (Education) --- Individual instruction --- Interest centers approach to teaching --- Learning center approach to teaching --- Open classroom approach to teaching --- Open education --- Open schools --- Open-space plan schools --- Education. --- Education, general. --- Tutors and tutoring --- Individualized education programs --- Mastery learning --- Free schools --- Experimental methods --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Education, Secondary. --- Individualized instruction. --- Open plan schools. --- High school education --- High school students --- Secondary education --- Secondary schools --- Teenagers --- High schools --- Education (Secondary)

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This volume examines the applicability of landscape urbanism theory in contemporary landscape architecture practice by bringing together ecology and architecture in the built environment. Using participatory planning of green infrastructure and application of nature-based solutions to address urban challenges, landscape urbanism seeks to reintroduce critical connections between natural and urban systems. In light of ongoing developments in landscape architecture, the goal is a paradigm shift towards a landscape that restores and rehabilitates urban ecosystems. Nine contributions examine a wide range of successful cases of designing livable and resilient cities in different geographical contexts, from the United States of America to Australia and Japan, and through several European cities in Italy, Portugal, Estonia, and Greece. While some chapters attempt to conceptualize the interconnections between cities and nature, others clearly have an empirical focus. Efforts such as the use of ornamental helophyte plants in bioretention ponds to reduce and treat stormwater runoff, the recovery of a poorly constructed urban waterway or participatory approaches for optimizing the location of green stormwater infrastructure and examining the environmental justice issue of equative availability and accessibility to public open spaces make these innovations explicit. Thus, this volume contributes to the sustainable cities goal of the United Nations.

public perception --- urban sustainability --- public open space --- landscape urbanism --- urban ecology --- re-naturing cities --- floating treatment wetland --- viable city --- deprived areas --- urban planning --- renaturing cities --- Greece --- postal questionnaire --- pedestrian zones --- street verges --- landscape first --- public green infrastructure (PGI) --- resource rationalization --- context-sensitive design --- green infrastructure --- environmental justice --- river restoration --- public amenity --- well-being --- sustainable cities --- Japan --- recreation --- plant ecology --- social equity --- runoff --- sustainable development --- Soviet-era housing blocks --- regenerative design --- biophilic urbanism --- livability --- post-postmodernism --- landscape history --- nature-based solutions --- vacant land --- nature-based solution --- built environment --- green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) --- urban nature (UN) --- urban design --- geographic information systems --- landscape theory --- urban geography --- residents’ views --- pollutant removal --- liveability --- visitor satisfaction survey --- biophilic design --- Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) --- urban nature --- spontaneous vegetation --- Asia --- green gentrification --- site suitability modeling --- landscape architecture --- Roma minority --- Philadelphia

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The combination of global warming and urban sprawl is the origin of the most hazardous climate change effect detected at urban level: Urban Heat Island, representing the urban overheating respect to the countryside surrounding the city. This book includes 18 papers representing the state of the art of detection, assessment mitigation and adaption to urban overheating. Advanced methods, strategies and technologies are here analyzed including relevant issues as: the role of urban materials and fabrics on urban climate and their potential mitigation, the impact of greenery and vegetation to reduce urban temperatures and improve the thermal comfort, the role the urban geometry in the air temperature rise, the use of satellite and ground data to assess and quantify the urban overheating and develop mitigation solutions, calculation methods and application to predict and assess mitigation scenarios. The outcomes of the book are thus relevant for a wide multidisciplinary audience, including: environmental scientists and engineers, architect and urban planners, policy makers and students.

emissivity --- mobile temperature observations --- urban heat island --- urban vegetation --- urban overheating --- spectral analysis --- Beirut --- urban heat island index --- land surface temperature --- ENVI-met --- air quality --- albedo --- climatic perception --- overheating --- urbanization --- road surface --- “cold spots” --- Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) --- urban remote sensing --- local climate zone --- cooling technologies --- Weather Research and Forecasting model --- cool surfaces --- outdoor thermal comfort --- energy savings --- air temperature --- measurement --- urbanized WRF --- mitigation measures --- Euramet --- heat health --- surface cool island effect --- urban-climate archipelago --- sky view factor --- urban climate archipelago --- open science --- cool roofs --- urban energy balance --- road lighting --- urban climatology --- material characterization --- urban climate --- thermal comfort --- air and surface temperature measurements --- cool pavements --- multi-objective optimization --- empirical line method --- calculation --- urban cooling --- multifractal analysis --- urban heat mitigation --- genetic algorithm --- heat stress --- “hot spots” --- subtropical climate --- EMPIR 16NRM02 --- building energy performance --- multiple linear regression --- built-up area --- thermal emittance --- urban morphology --- cost-optimal analysis --- building retrofit --- sustainability --- mitigation strategies --- luminance coefficient --- office buildings --- GIS --- structure functions analysis --- solar reflectance --- park cool island --- solar reflectance index --- urban open space --- building scale --- meteorological modeling --- shading --- surface albedo --- summer heat stress --- cool materials --- land cover fraction --- micro-climate simulations --- energy simulation --- urban microclimate --- urban development --- Physiologically Equivalent Temperature --- cool facades --- green area --- ageing --- MODIS downscaling --- spectral reflectance --- fine-resolution meteorological modeling --- urban areas --- morphological indicator --- lifecycle analysis --- non-constructible parcels --- WRF-Chem