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Opening with a discussion of the earth's formation, hot spots, ridges, plate tectonics, submarine trenches, and cold seeps, this text goes on to address such topics as the role of oceans in the origin of life, tidal bore, thermal effects, ecosystem services, marine creatures, and nutraceutical and pharmaceutical resources.
Geophysics --- Research. --- Ocean bottom ecology. --- Marine ecology.
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Seabed fluid flow involves the flow of gases and liquids through the seabed. Such fluids have been found to leak through the seabed into the marine environment in seas and oceans around the world - from the coasts to deep ocean trenches. This geological phenomenon has widespread implications for the sub-seabed, seabed, and marine environments. Seabed fluid flow affects seabed morphology, mineralization, and benthic ecology. Natural fluid emissions also have a significant impact on the composition of the oceans and atmosphere; and gas hydrates and hydrothermal minerals are potential future resources. This book describes seabed fluid flow features and processes, and demonstrates their importance to human activities and natural environments. It is targeted at research scientists and professionals with interests in the marine environment. Colour versions of many of the illustrations, and additional material - most notably feature location maps - can be found at www.cambridge.org/9780521819503.
Fluid mechanics --- Hydrosphere --- Hydrobiology --- Petroleum technology. Petrochemistry --- Ocean bottom. --- Marine sediments --- Upwelling (Oceanography) --- Deep-sea ecology. --- Marine ecology --- Ocean circulation --- Gases in marine sediments --- Bottom of the ocean --- Floor of the ocean --- Ocean floor --- Sea bed --- Sea floor --- Seafloor --- Seabed --- Subsoil of the ocean floor --- Submarine topography --- Gas content. --- Ocean bottom ecology. --- Ocean bottom --- Seabed ecology --- Ecology
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Marine hard bottoms feature some of the most spectacular and diverse biological communities on this planet. These not only contain a rich treasure of genetic, taxonomic and functional information but also deliver irreplaceable ecosystem services. At the same time, they are highly vulnerable and increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pressures. This volume has collected contributions by 50 scientists from numerous biogeographic regions, dealing with characteristics of hard bottom communities. Distributional patterns in space and time are described, followed by analyses of the intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics producing these patterns. A strong emphasis is placed on the ongoing changes occurring in the structure and diversity of these communities in response to spiralling environmental impacts, and on state-of-the-art countermeasures aiming to preserve these ecological treasures. Finally, various values of diversity are assessed, hopefully as an incentive for enhanced conservation efforts.
Ocean bottom ecology. --- Ocean bottom ecology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Ecology --- Seabed ecology --- Life sciences. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecosystems. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Marine sciences. --- Freshwater. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Sciences. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Marine & Freshwater Sciences. --- Fresh waters --- Freshwater --- Freshwaters --- Inland water --- Inland waters --- Water --- Ocean sciences --- Aquatic sciences --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Aquatic biology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Population biology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Aquatic biology. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Marine Sciences. --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Marine ecology --- Aquatic ecology . --- Floristic botany
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