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Unlike works inherited from Greek or Roman Antiquity, writings from Mesopotamian civilization all come from excavations. Assyriologists work with clay tablets engraved with cuneiform characters. They piece together fragments of texts and organize them chronologically and geographically to gradually construct not only a political but also a social, economic and cultural history of Mesopotamia. The task is immense, and requires a multidisciplinary approach combining archaeology, epigraphy, philology, and history.

Archaeology --- philology --- archaeology --- Egyptology --- Mesopotamia --- history of civilizations --- Ancient Near East --- assyriology --- cuneiform writing

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This book investigates the long-term continuity of large-scale states and empires, and its effect on the Near East’s social fabric, including the fundamental changes that occurred to major social institutions. Its geographical coverage spans, from east to west, modern-day Libya and Egypt to Central Asia, and from north to south, Anatolia to southern Arabia, incorporating modern-day Oman and Yemen. Its temporal coverage spans from the late eighth century BCE to the seventh century CE during the rise of Islam and collapse of the Sasanian Empire. The authors argue that the persistence of large states and empires starting in the eighth/seventh centuries BCE, which continued for many centuries, led to new socio-political structures and institutions emerging in the Near East. The primary processes that enabled this emergence were large-scale and long-distance movements, or population migrations. These patterns of social developments are analysed under different aspects: settlement patterns, urban structure, material culture, trade, governance, language spread and religion, all pointing at movement as the main catalyst for social change. This book’s argument is framed within a larger theoretical framework termed as ‘universalism’, a theory that explains many of the social transformations that happened to societies in the Near East, starting from the Neo-Assyrian period and continuing for centuries. Among other influences, the effects of these transformations are today manifested in modern languages, concepts of government, universal religions and monetized and globalized economies.

empire --- state --- near east --- universalism --- Achaemenid Empire --- Bronze Age --- Common Era

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Ancient Near East --- Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology --- vidcast --- scientific communication --- interdisciplinary --- ancient near east --- ancient near eastern archaeology --- Middle East --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Middle East. --- Eastern Mediterranean Region --- South West --- Asia

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Welche relevanten Konzepte und Terminologien kennzeichnen politische, kultische und religiöse Grenzen und Grenzbereiche bzw. Randzonen und was genau bezeichnen diese in der Antike? In diesem Sammelband erforscht eine internationale Gruppe von Archäologen, Altphilologen, Historiker und biblischen Exegeten Begriffe, Performanz und Ideologien von Grenzen in der Antike.

Boundaries --- Boundaries --- Bible teaching --- Septuagint --- Roman Empire --- Ancient Near East --- Archaeology --- Space --- Topoi --- Border Studies --- Antike Religionsgeschichte --- Religionswissenschaft --- Antike --- Neues Testament --- Altes Testament

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The ‘pictorial turn’ has had significant impact on the human, cultural, religious and social sciences since the middle of the 1990s; theory construction has been primarily oriented towards the western world. This is why one of the primary aims of this volume is the enlargement of theory construction by a different point of view – the Balkan and the Near Eastern one. The central research question of the thesis is that photography opened the door to the visual culture of the West. Der pictorial turn, der seit der Mitte der 1990er Jahre die Geistes-, Kultur-, Religions- und Sozialwissenschaften beeinflusst, hat in seiner Theoriebildung bislang eine primär auf die westliche Welt bezogene Perspektive eingenommen. Es ist eines der Ziele des Buchs, die Theoriebildung aus einem anderen Blickwinkel – dem des Balkans und des Nahen Ostens – zu erweitern. Eine zentrale These lautet, dass die Fotografie das Tor zur visuellen Kultur des Westens öffnete.

Art and religion --- Art and society --- History. --- Balkan Peninsula --- Middle East --- Religion. --- Balkans --- Near East --- Visual Culture --- religion --- Balkan --- Naher Osten --- Visuelle Kultur --- Religion --- Fotografie --- Islam