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This thesis presents the first ever measurement of the noise emitted by magnetic monopoles and the development of an exquisitely sensitive magnetic-field-noise spectrometer based on a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) that enabled it. Magnetic monopoles are highly elusive elementary particles exhibiting quantized magnetic charge. The prospects for studying them brightened recently with the theoretical discovery that the thermally excited states in certain classes of magnetic insulators exhibit all the characteristics of magnetic monopoles. Furthermore, in 2018, it was predicted that the random motion of magnetic monopoles inside would generate a very specific kind of magnetization noise. In this thesis, the author describes a new experimental technique, so-called spin noise spectroscopy, and the subsequent discovery of virtually all of the predicted features of the magnetic noise expected from a dense fluid of magnetic monopoles in crystals of Dy2Ti2O7. Remarkably, because this magnetic monopole noise occurs in the frequency range below 20kHz, when amplified by the SQUID it is actually audible to humans.
Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Low temperature physics. --- Low temperatures. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement . --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Low Temperature Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Cryogenics --- Low temperature physics --- Temperatures, Low --- Temperature --- Cold --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Magnetic monopoles. --- Monopoles, Magnetic --- Electromagnetism --- Magnetic pole
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This monograph addresses the field theoretical aspects of magnetic monopoles. Written for graduate students as well as researchers, the author demonstrates the interplay between mathematics and physics. He delves into details as necessary and develops many techniques that find applications in modern theoretical physics. This introduction to the basic ideas used for the description and construction of monopoles is also the first coherent presentation of the concept of magnetic monopoles. It arises in many different contexts in modern theoretical physics, from classical mechanics and electrodynamics to multidimensional branes. The book summarizes the present status of the theory and gives an extensive but carefully selected bibliography on the subject. The first part deals with the Dirac monopole, followed in part two by the monopole in non-abelian gauge theories. The third part is devoted to monopoles in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories.
Magnetic monopoles. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Monopoles, Magnetic --- Electromagnetism --- Magnetic pole --- Quantum theory. --- Mathematical physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Physical mathematics --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Mathematics --- Quantum physics. --- Physics. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics
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