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During the First World War, the parliaments of the states involved in the conflict were, in most cases, forced to drastically limit their activity and were often precluded the possibility of fully exercising their prerogatives. More generally the spaces of freedom granted to the citizens, of which the parliamentary institution was the brightest symbol, shrank dramatically. At the same time, the power of military commands expanded, not only in trenches and on battlefields, but also in many areas of civilian life. However, in the final years of the war, the Parliaments succeeded not only in gradually regaining control, but also in pushing for an extension of their functions, initiating a process that in many states coincided with the transition from a liberal order to a full democratic order. The years of the "long" postwar period were however dense with contradictions. Legislative and executive law often grew together, while in some cases the imperative logic imposed for a long time in wartime re-emerged and consolidated. This volume, which examines several national cases, illustrates some of the ambivalent features of this dramatic phase of European history.
Military Power --- Welfare State --- First World War --- Parliaments --- Royal Prerogative
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European Air Power examines the current state of eight separate European air forces and their prospective air power capabilities in a manner that will appeal to a wide audience of air force enthusiasts. Included are perspectives from independent air power experts reviewing the air forces of France, Germany, Turkey, and Great Britain as well as from the leaders of the air forces of the Nordic nations, including Norway, Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. Within the national security framework of threats and challenges, and against the seemingly universal backdrop of lower budgets for defense, the con
Air forces --- Air power --- Air superiority --- Military power --- Aeronautics, Military --- Military readiness --- Air warfare --- Armed Forces
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Sassanids. --- Armies --- Army --- Military power --- Armed Forces --- Sasanians --- Sassanians --- History. --- Iran --- History
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International police. --- Air forces. --- Military power --- Air power --- Armed Forces --- Police, International --- Security, International --- Peacekeeping forces
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Since the end of the Cold War almost all European countries have reformed their armed forces, focusing on downsizing, internationalization and professionalization. This paper examines how these changes in security sector governance have affected the normative model underlying the militaryâs relationship to democracy, using the image of the âdemocratic soldierâ. Drawing on a comparative analysis of 12 post-socialist, traditional and consolidated democracies in Europe, the different dimensions of the national conception of soldiering are analysed based on the official norms that define a countryâs military and the ways in which individual members of the armed forces see their role. Cases converge around the new idea of professional soldiering as a merging of civilian skills with military virtues in the context of the militaryâs new post-Cold War missions. Yet despite this convergence, research also shows that specific aspects of national traditions and context continue to influence the actual practice of soldiering in each case. The contradictions that result between these old and new visions of the role of the military and the soldier illustrate the tensions that exist between political goals and defence reform dynamics.
Politics & government --- Warfare & defence --- security sector reform --- good governance --- civil‐military relations --- military reform --- military power --- armed forces
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Recent concern about mainland China's intentions towards Taiwan, and more general concern about the risk of instability in the region, has led to growing interest in Taiwan's military strategy. This book brings together a range of experts from the West and from Taiwan itself who examine the key issues connected with Taiwan's air power, which is a key aspect of the China-Taiwan military balance.
Air power --- Air superiority --- Military power --- Aeronautics, Military --- Military readiness --- Air warfare --- Taiwan --- China --- Defenses. --- Military policy.
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With the spotlight on arms control turning away from negotiated treaties toward unilateral reductions, the authors discuss the utility of unilateral measures in inducing reciprocation, review the links between defense planning and unilateral arms control, address the domestic politics of arms control issues, and consider implications for the future.
Disarmament. --- Limitation of armament --- Military power --- Armed Forces --- Arms control --- Arms race --- Military readiness --- Military weapons --- Peace --- Security, International
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Provides a new analysis for bringing the rules of war into alignment with contemporary means of warfareThese essays explore the overarching phenomenon of how force short of war is being used in modern conflict, and how it impacts just war theory. They show that we need to bring the rules of war into alignment with increasingly digital means of conducting kinetic warfare through the force short of war paradigm.The use of force short of war is now commonplace, in large part owing to casualty averseness and the explosion of emerging technologies, most notably drones, autonomous robotics and cyberwarfare. It often involves the selective or limited use of military force to achieve political objectives and assumes many forms. These include targeted killing, assassination, special-forces raids, limited duration bombing campaigns or missile strikes, and 'low intensity' counterterrorism and counterinsurgency operations.Key FeaturesInvestigates innovative normative methods for aligning modern conflict with contemporary ethical and legal expectationsPresents a new way to understand and potentially reconcile a centuries-old theoretical dispute between classical and revisionist accounts of just warProvides a means of better governing the use of emerging military technologies that have plagued governments in recent timesOpens new avenues for thinking about the ethics of robotic, cyber and other novel military technologies in the context of military and political decision-makingContributorsEamon Aloyo, Lecturer at Leiden University and Senior Researcher at The Hague Institute of Global Justice.Christian Braun, Research Fellow in Philosophy at Durham Univeristy.Megan Braun, a Rhodes Scholar pursuing International Relations at Oxford University.Daniel Brunstetter, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine.Helen Frowe, Professor of Practical Philosophy and Director of the Stockholm Centre for the Ethics of War and Peace. Cassitie Galliott, PhD candidate at the Monash University.Jai Galliott, Research Group Leader – Values in Defence & Security Technology at the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy and Visiting Fellow at Centre for Technology and Global Affairs in the Department of Politics and International Relations at Oxford University.James Gillcrist, Researcher in the Department of Philosophy at The University of Kansas.Shawn Kaplan, Associate Professor and Chair of Philosophy at Adelphi University.Christopher Ketcham, Research Fellow in the Values in Defence & Security Technology Group at the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy.John Lango, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College, City University of New York.Nick Lloyd, Reader in Military and Imperial History at Kings College, London.Danielle Lupton, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Colgate University.Seumas Miller, Professorial Research Fellow at Charles Sturt University and the 3TU Centre for Ethics and Technology at Delft University of Technology, The Hague.Valerie Morkevicius, Associate Professor of Political Science at Colgate University.
Military art and science. --- Fighting --- Military power --- Military science --- Warfare --- Warfare, Primitive --- Naval art and science --- War
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The risks of arms control and disarmament, how they can be reduced or eliminated, and the political implications of drastic disarmament are analyzed by eleven experts. Emphasis is placed on the development of techniques for disarming that are politically feasible and give reasonable assurance to each side that the other is not violating its obligations for any serious reason. Three major aspects of the problem are considered: how to get the disarmament process started, and once started to continue it how to retain the freedom of diplomatic action that might be needed to defend national interests; and how to approach the problems of political security in a fully disarmed world.Originally published in 1965.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Disarmament. --- Limitation of armament --- Military power --- Armed Forces --- Arms control --- Arms race --- Military readiness --- Military weapons --- Peace --- Security, International
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Military art and science --- Fighting --- Military power --- Military science --- Warfare --- Warfare, Primitive --- Naval art and science --- War
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