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Fibrinolysis --- Proteolysis --- Proteins --- Hydrolysis --- Fibrinolyse. --- Metabolism --- metabolism --- Fibrinolysis. --- Hydrolysis. --- Proteids --- Degradation of proteins --- Degradation, Proteolytic --- Digestion of proteins --- Protein degradation --- Protein digestion --- Proteolytic degradation --- Fibrinolyses --- metabolism. --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Decomposition (Chemistry) --- Blood --- Thrombolytic therapy --- Fibrin Clot Lysis Time --- Coagulation

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Moving towards a sustainable and green economy requires the use of renewable resources for the production of fuels, chemicals, and materials. In such a scenario, the use of lignocellulosic biomass and waste streams plays an important role, as it consists of abundant renewable resources. The complex nature of lignocellulosic biomass dictates the use of a pretreatment process prior to any further processing. Traditional methods of biomass pretreatment fail to recover cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in clean streams. It has been recognized that the efficient use of all the main fractions of lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) is an important step towards a financially sustainable biomass biorefinery. In this context, switching from biomass pretreatment to biomass fractionation can offer a sustainable solution to recover relatively clean streams of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This Special issue aims at exploring the most advanced solutions in biomass and waste pretreatment and fractionation techniques, together with novel (thermo)chemical and biochemical processes for the conversion of fractionated cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin to bioenergy, bio-based chemicals, and biomaterials, including the application of such products (i.e., use of biochar for filtration and metallurgical processes), as well as recent developments in kinetic, thermodynamic, and numeric modeling of conversion processes. The scope of this Special Issue will also cover progress in advanced measuring methods and techniques used in the characterization of biomass, waste, and products.

Acacia tortilis --- biofuel --- biomass --- pine dust --- pyrolysis --- Napier grass --- bioethanol --- biomass fractionation --- enzyme hydrolysis --- acid pretreatment --- alkali pretreatment --- microwave-assisted pretreatment --- pretreatment parameters --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- glucose --- xylose --- lignocellulosic sugars --- microbial lipid --- olive mill wastewater --- Cryptococcus curvatus --- Lipomyces starkeyi --- lignin --- organosolv fractionation --- TGA --- 31P NMR --- HSQC --- heat treatment --- charcoal --- electrical resistivity --- coal --- coke --- high-temperature treatment --- organosolv --- Kraft lignin --- etherification --- lignin functionalization --- thermoplastics --- oxidative lignin upgrade --- catalytic lignin oxidation --- vanadate --- molybdate --- ionosolv --- biomimetic --- bio-based reductant --- ferroalloy industry --- kiln --- 2nd generation sugars --- lignocellulose --- hydrolyzate --- biorefinery --- furfural --- hydroxymethylfurfural --- bioeconomy --- life cycle assessment --- sustainable biomass growth --- mining --- metallurgical coke --- n/a

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Alistair Lennox's thesis reports on the reactivity of organotrifluoroborates, which are becoming increasingly important reagents in synthesis. The thesis is divided into three sections. The first section describes a method for preparing organotrifluoroborates. The second section reports on a mechanistic investigation into the main application of RBF3K reagents as coupling partners in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, phenomena identified as arising from organotrifluoroborate hydrolysis and fluoride release. The final section reports on a detailed investigation into the hydrolysis mechanism, a prerequisite for their Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, and how it may be predicted and controlled. This research has uncovered many interesting and useful details and shows how problems associated with Suzuki-Miyaura coupling can best be addressed. There has already been wide industrial uptake of the new procedures and insights. The broad nature and clear and succinct style will make the thesis a valuable resource for anyone working in synthesis, organometallic chemistry, or in homogeneous catalysis.

Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Biochemistry --- Salts. --- Hydrolysis. --- Chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Chemical engineering. --- Catalysis. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Solvolysis --- Salt deposits --- Salinity --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- Physical organic chemistry.

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There is global interest in using insects as food and feed. However, before insects can be recommended as a type of nourishment to augment more traditional and widely accepted sources of food and feed, it is essential that in-depth research involving a variety of subjects is carried out. We can learn from societies in which insects are still a component of the local diet which species are preferred and how they are prepared for human consumption. We need information on the chemical composition of edible insects and have to make sure we know what kinds of micro-organisms and pathogens they contain. Legal questions in relation to the sale and breeding of certain species need to be addressed, and medicinal aspects of edible insects and their products should be examined. How best to market selected species and make them palatable to a clientele that more than often rejects the idea of insects in the diet are further important aspects in need of study. This book deals with these questions in 19 articles written by experts from at least 20 different countries that represent a range of disciplines. As such, it is a useful tome for a wide range of food researchers.

entomophagy --- novel food --- neophobia --- disgust --- edible insects --- mealworm --- Tenebrio molitor --- insects --- sensory --- model system --- insect --- food --- avoid --- attitude --- psychology --- willingness to eat --- Alcalase --- insect powders --- Acheta domesticus --- Enterococcus --- antioxidant activity --- biodiversity --- bioresource --- culture --- edible insect --- defatted powder --- mealworm oil --- characteristics --- feed supplementation --- growth performance --- nutrient composition --- emotions --- sociolinguistics --- food choice --- mirror neurons --- steamed and freeze-dried mature silkworm larval powder --- alcoholic fatty liver --- ethanol --- lipogenesis --- fatty acid oxidation --- Sprague-Dawley rats --- protein hydrolysate --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- degree of hydrolysis --- techno-functional properties --- novel proteins --- consumer analysis --- DRSA --- Amino acids --- fatty acids --- minerals --- antioxidant --- antimicrobial --- supplement --- sustainable food --- food safety --- blood coagulation --- platelet aggregation --- haemolysis --- Teleogryllus emma --- food law --- Africa --- food hygiene --- food policy --- processing --- traditional knowledge --- food/feed safety --- nutrition --- yellow mealworm --- processed --- shelf life --- Antheraea assamensis --- Apis cerana indica --- honey --- Nagaland --- preparation --- Samia cynthia ricini --- Vespa mandarinia --- Vespula orbata --- silkworm --- thermal processing --- antioxidant activities --- silkworm powder --- alternative food resource --- wasp larva --- Vespa velutina nigrithorax --- insect edibility --- food shortage --- acceptance --- bio-active compounds --- nutrients

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The protein hydrolysates industry is growing rapidly yet there is no single book that describes the challenges and opportunities for manufacturers and end users, techniques used in manufacturing, characterization and screening of protein hydrolysates, their applications in a wide variety of industries in biotechnology. One of the misconceptions in using protein hydrolysates in fermentations is that the end user believes and uses it as a mere nitrogen source. However, the functionality of the product obtained is not necessarily due to protein hydrolysates alone because it may not be a pure peptide or a combination of peptides and may contain carbohydrates, lipids, micronutrients, etc., present in the raw material used or sometimes the manufacturers deliberately add to the process to bring unique functionality. Only a handful of manufacturers dictate this market that tend to keep manufacturing process proprietary making it harder to understand. This book will close the gap by unfolding information on latest developments.

Biotechnology. --- Protein hydrolysates. --- Protein hydrolysates --- Biotechnology --- Mechanical Engineering --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Bioengineering --- Biomedical Engineering --- Chemistry. --- Nutrition. --- Biochemistry. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant Sciences. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Hydrolysis --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Health aspects --- Composition --- Nutrition   . --- Floristic botany