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The status of prisoners of war was firmly rooted in the practice of ransoming in the Middle Ages. By the opening stages of the Hundred Years War, ransoming had become widespread among the knightly community, and the crown had already begun to exercise tighter control over the practice of war. This led to tensions between public and private interests over ransoms and prisoners of war. Historians have long emphasised the significance of the French and English crowns' interference in the issue of prisoners of war, but this original and stimulating study questions whether they have been too influenced by the state-centred nature of most surviving sources. Based on extensive archival research, this book tests customs, laws and theory against the individual experiences of captors and prisoners during the Hundred Years War, to evoke their world in all its complexity.
History of Europe --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1300-1399 --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453 --- Ransom --- Guerre de Cent Ans, 1339-1453 --- Rançon --- Prisoners and prisons --- History --- Prisonniers et prisons --- Histoire --- Guerre de Cent ans (1337-1453) --- Prisoners and prisons. --- Rançon --- Guerre de Cent Ans (1337-1453) --- Rançon. --- Prisonniers et prisons. --- Arts and Humanities --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453 - Prisoners and prisons
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This volume, the first of a two-volume set, is the work of fourteen European and American scholars and focuses on the wider aspects of the Hundred Years. These essays range far afield from the traditional heartlands of Hundred Years War studies to investigate the influence of the conflict on Italy, the Low Countries, and Spain and on such topics as urban history, and the actualities of weapon use on the battlefield. A number of the essays in this collection seek to re-examine old but thorny questions long associated with the conflict, including the real immediate impact of gunpowder technology on siege warfare during the fourteenth century and the "purposeful" strategy of Henry V in staging and bringing about the battle of Agincourt in 1415. With contributions by L.J. Andrew Villalon, María Teresa Ferrer i Mallol, Donald J. Kagay, Clara Estow, William P. Caferro, Sergio Boffa, Peter Michael Konieczny, Paul Solon, Manuel Sánchez Martínez, James E. Gilbert, Jane Marie Pinzino, Clifford J. Rogers, Kelly DeVries, and John Clement. Winner of the 2014 Verbruggen Prize of De Re Militari (the Society for the Study of Medieval Military History) given annually for the best book on medieval military history.
Guerre de Cent Ans, 1339-1453 --- Honderdjarige oorlog, 1339-1453 --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453 --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- History of France --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1300-1399 --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453. --- France --- Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- History, Military --- Foreign relations --- Histoire militaire --- Relations extérieures --- History [Military ] --- 1328-1589 --- 1066-1485 --- Guerre de Cent Ans (1337-1453) --- Military art and science --- History --- Relations extérieures. --- Diplomatic relations.
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Craig Taylor's study examines the wide-ranging French debates on the martial ideals of chivalry and knighthood during the period of the Hundred Years War (1337-1453). Faced by stunning military disasters and the collapse of public order, writers and intellectuals carefully scrutinized the martial qualities expected of knights and soldiers. They questioned when knights and men-at-arms could legitimately resort to violence, the true nature of courage, the importance of mercy, and the role of books and scholarly learning in the very practical world of military men. Contributors to these discussions included some of the most famous French medieval writers, led by Jean Froissart, Geoffroi de Charny, Philippe de Mézières, Honorat Bovet, Christine de Pizan, Alain Chartier and Antoine de La Sale. This interdisciplinary study sets their discussions in context, challenging modern, romantic assumptions about chivalry and investigating the historical reality of debates about knighthood and warfare in late medieval France.
Chivalry --- Chivalry in literature --- Knights and knighthood --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453. --- War and society --- Chevalerie --- Chevalerie dans la littérature --- Chevaliers et chevalerie --- Guerre de Cent Ans, 1339-1453 --- Guerre et société --- Philosophy --- History --- Philosophie --- Histoire --- Knights and knighthood in literature --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453 --- Chevaliers --- Guerre de Cent ans (1337-1453). --- Philosophy. --- Dans la littérature. --- Ritter --- Frankreich --- Ritter. --- Frankreich. --- --Philosophie --- --France --- --Moyen âge, --- Chevalier --- --Littérature --- --Guerre de Cent ans, --- Guerre --- --Société --- --Philosophy --- Chevalerie dans la littérature --- Guerre et société --- Knighthood --- Civilization, Medieval --- Nobility --- Heraldry --- Orders of knighthood and chivalry --- Manners and customs --- Courtly love --- Crusades --- Feudalism --- Society and war --- War --- Sociology --- Civilians in war --- Sociology, Military --- Social aspects --- Guerre de Cent Ans (1337-1453) --- Arts and Humanities --- Chivalry - Philosophy --- Chivalry - France - History - To 1500 --- Chivalry in literature - History - To 1500 --- Knights and knighthood - France - History - To 1500 --- Knights and knighthood in literature - History - To 1500 --- War and society - France - History - To 1500 --- Moyen âge, 476-1492 --- Littérature --- Guerre de Cent ans, 1337-1453 --- Société --- France
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Die vorliegende Monographie untersucht erstmals die umfangreichen Bemühungen der Päpste, den Hundertjährigen Krieg (1337-1453) zwischen den Königen von England und Frankreich zu beenden. Die römische Kurie, welche sich im 14. Jahrhunderts an der französischen Grenze in Avignon befand, hatte ein personelles wie finanzielles Interesse daran, die Kampfhandlungen zu beenden. Der Frieden zwischen den christlichen Königreichen als Voraussetzungen eines erfolgreichen Kreuzzuges war das prägnanteste Argument, welches die obersten Hirten in ihren Friedensappellen in die Waagschale warfen. Nach einer Entscheidung Benedikts XII. (1334-1342) bemühten sich die Päpste nicht mehr wie früher darum, autoritär Waffenstillstände aufzuerlegen, sondern waren an einer Akzeptanz als neutrale Schlichter (mediatores et amicos communes) interessiert. Eine Vielzahl hochkarätiger Gesandter von Kardinal- bzw. Bischofsrang brach von Avignon auf, um notfalls in der letzten Minute mit dramatischen Gesten des Friedens im Vorfeld einer drohenden Schlacht zu vermitteln. Das Ziel der auf diese Weise dargebotenen Wege des Friedens (Viae pacis) war der Abschluss von Waffenstillständen, anschließend der Besuch von Friedensverhandlungen an der der Kurie von Avignon oder anderswo unter der persönlichen Vermittlung des obersten Pontifex oder seiner Stellvertreter. Zwar konnten die Päpste bis zu ihrer Rückkehr nach Rom keinen endgültigen Frieden stiften, doch gelang es ihnen zwischen den Kontrahenten Waffenruhen und Friedensschlüsse von 23 Jahren auszuhandeln. Der Autor sieht sein Werk in der Tradition von Studien zur Diplomatie des Mittelalters. Es gelang ihm auf einer breiten Grundlage internationaler ungedruckter archivalischer Quellen das System der päpstlichen Friedensvermittlung einer umfassenden Neubewertung zu unterziehen. Ein diachroner Vergleich sämtlicher Fallbeispiele nach konfliktgeschichtlichen Merkmalen rundet das Werk ab.
Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453. --- Peace. --- Papacy --- Guerre de Cent Ans, 1339-1453 --- Paix --- Papauté --- History --- Histoire --- Benedict --- Catholic Church -- Pope Avignon. --- Papacy. --- Religion. --- Hundred Years' War, 1339-1453 --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Christianity --- Diplomatic history --- Peace --- Papauté --- Avignon, Popes at --- Babylonian captivity, Papal --- Schism, The Great Western, 1378-1417 --- Catholic Church --- Foreign relations --- Avignon (France) --- Europe --- Catholic Church. --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Avenio Cavarum (France) --- Avenio (France) --- Aveniona (France) --- Avenionis Urbs (France) --- Avenneca Civitas (France) --- Avennica Civitas (France) --- Avennio (France) --- Avinio (France) --- Aviniona (France) --- Avinionum (France) --- Avinum (France) --- Avio (France) --- Aviona (France) --- Avignon (Papal city) --- Avignon. --- Diplomacy. --- Hundred Years' War. --- Pope. --- late Middle Ages.
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