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Research on, and interest in, red blood cell formation spans several centuries and was thought to have peaked in the 1980s with the cloning of the eryth- poietin (EPO) gene. In the years subsequent to the cloning of EPO and its expression as a recombinant protein, much was written about EPO. Although much has been learned and published, new, exciting data are becoming ava- able on almost a daily basis. Erythropoietins and Erythropoiesis: Molecular, Cellular, Preclinical, and Clinical Biology compiles both pertinent historical and very recent research on this molecule and its clinical utility. The book is divided into two sections: Background and Basic Science and Clinical Uses of Recombinant Erythropoietins. To begin, Israels and Israels describe the biology of red cells, the hierarchy of erythropoietic progenitor cells, their development to mature cells, and the effects of endogenous EPO on their development. Foote summarizes the historical interest in, and search for, an erythropoietic factor. Once EPO was identified,cloned,and expressed,the path was set for the study of other aspects of EPO biology both within e- thropoiesis and other cellular systems.

Anemia. --- Erythropoiesis. --- Erythropoietin. --- Recombinant erythropoietin. --- Erythropoiesis --- Erythropoietin --- Recombinant erythropoietin --- Anemia --- Physiology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Hematopoiesis --- Colony-Stimulating Factors --- Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors --- Glycoproteins --- Cell Differentiation --- Blood Physiological Processes --- Blood Physiological Phenomena --- Proteins --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Cytokines --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins --- Peptides --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Biological Factors --- Treatment --- Treatment. --- Anaemia --- Epoetin --- Epogen (Trademark) --- Genetically engineered erythropoietin --- Genetic engineering --- Medicine. --- Pharmacology. --- Endocrinology. --- Sports medicine. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Cell Biology. --- Sports Medicine. --- Blood --- Recombinant blood proteins --- Colony-stimulating factors (Physiology) --- Hematopoietic growth factors --- Diseases --- Toxicology. --- Cytology. --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Athletic medicine --- Athletics --- Medicine and sports --- Physical education and training --- Sports --- Sports sciences --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Toxicology --- Medical aspects --- Endocrinology . --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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Anemia is a frequent complication of cancer and its treatment. It produces many symptoms and significantly impairs metabolic and physiologic functions as well as patients' activity, well-being and quality of life. Life expectancy is also affected. This book, now being published in its second edition, comprehensively presents the current knowledge on anemia in cancer and its treatment with rhEPO. Future developments are also discussed. Based on updated and new chapters, including a broader spectrum of topics, outstanding international experts describe the scientific and clinical aspects of anemia in various fields of oncology and give diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations on when and how to use rhEPO. The book, considered as a standard work, will again serve as an essential source of information for radiotherapists, medical oncologists, hematologists, internists, pediatricians, surgeons, specialists in transfusion and laboratory medicine, and pharmacologists.

Medicine & Public Health. --- Oncology. --- Radiotherapy. --- Hematology. --- Surgery. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Blood Transfusion Medicine. --- Medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Blood transfusion. --- Médecine --- Toxicologie --- Radiothérapie --- Hématologie --- Cancérologie --- Chirurgie --- Anemia -- Chemotherapy. --- Antineoplastic agents. --- Cancer -- Chemotherapy -- Complications -- Chemotherapy. --- Drug Design. --- Drug Therapy. --- Recombinant erythropoietin -- Therapeutic use. --- Recombinant erythropoietin --- Anemia --- Cancer --- Colony-Stimulating Factors --- Hematologic Diseases --- Diseases --- Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases --- Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors --- Glycoproteins --- Erythropoietin --- Neoplasms --- Cytokines --- Proteins --- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Peptides --- Biological Factors --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Therapeutic use --- Chemotherapy --- Complications --- Therapeutic use. --- Chemotherapy. --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Anaemia --- Epoetin --- Epogen (Trademark) --- Genetically engineered erythropoietin --- Genetic engineering --- Pharmacology. --- Tumors --- Blood --- Recombinant blood proteins --- Oncology  . --- Blood transfusion --- Blood transfusion therapy --- Hemotherapy --- Transfusion medicine --- Transfusion of blood --- Transfusion therapy --- Transfusion therapy, Blood --- Surgery --- Blood banks --- Blood groups --- Hospitals --- Transfusion-free surgery --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Surgery, Primitive --- Haematology --- Internal medicine --- Radiation therapy --- Electrotherapeutics --- Medical electronics --- Medical radiology --- Therapeutics, Physiological --- Phototherapy --- Transfusion committees --- Toxicology --- Radiological services --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy, with 81,190 estimated new diagnoses in 2018, in the United States alone. Transurethral resection of the bladder and radical cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection constitute the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive or very high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, respectively. However, survival expectations have not shown to improve in the last 20 years, and new diagnostic and therapeutic tools are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of this potentially lethal disease.

iron deficiency anemia --- fermented goat milk --- brain molecular functions --- neuroprotective effect --- iron supplementation --- pregnancy --- randomized controlled trial --- serum ferritin --- hemoglobin --- iron status --- iron stores --- HFE gene --- iron --- anemia --- kidney --- hepcidin --- erythropoietin --- celiac disease --- gluten-free diet --- iron deficiency --- micronutrient deficiencies --- infant --- breast milk --- formula milk --- high intensity exercise --- ubiquinol --- hematological parameters --- inflammation --- ergogenic effect --- acai --- erythropoiesis --- anaemia --- altitude adjustment --- haemoglobin --- South Africa --- women of reproductive age --- nutritional adequacy --- children --- fermented cow and goat milk --- iron homeostasis --- iron repletion --- gene and protein expression --- redox unbalance --- prematurity --- transfusion --- blood-sparing

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In this book, the emphasis is on various training interventions. Types of exercises that can help improve performance in athletes and health in people facing poor movement diseases.Also, we have presented a variety of strength training interventions in the form of various types of research. On the other hand, we continue to monitor internal and external loads related to non-contact injuries and performance analysis.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- COVID-19 --- immune response --- chronic diseases --- exercise --- oxidative stress --- anti-inflammatory treatment --- fibroblast growth factor 21 --- cytokines --- myokines --- anabolic–androgenic steroids --- athletes --- baroreflex sensitivity --- cardiac autonomic nervous system --- cardiac function --- physical guidance --- tracking task --- cerebral palsy --- challenge point framework --- frequency --- virtual driving --- physical activity --- behavioral status --- mental state --- older men --- reaction time --- visual coordination --- visual reaction --- female --- football --- autonomic modulation --- fatigue --- training load --- altitude --- haemoglobin --- erythropoietin --- hypoxia --- endurance --- sand --- occupational health --- tactical athlete --- landing error scoring system --- reactive strength index --- tactical personnel --- force plates --- military --- law enforcement --- neuromuscular fatigue --- spinal curvature --- Paralympic volleyball --- compensation strategy --- thoracic hyperkyphosis --- adapted training --- low back pain --- kidney failure --- AKI --- health --- biomarkers --- strenuous exercise --- mountain running --- kidney function --- off-road running --- performance --- kinematics --- laser --- computer vision --- inertial device --- IMU --- injury risk --- high load --- external monitoring --- high-speed distance --- global positioning system --- movement analysis --- handball shot --- internal load --- shot precision --- motor decisions-making --- GPS --- T-Patterns --- acceleration --- motor praxeology --- role --- anatomy --- spine --- thoracic spine --- low back --- lumbar spine --- biomechanics --- rowing --- antioxidant status --- nutrition --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- biomechanical analysis --- pressure insoles --- Xsens motion capture system --- performance analysis --- recreational skiers --- dry-land training --- GEE modeling --- oxygen consumption --- strength training --- surface electromyography --- bone mineral --- skeletomuscular robusticity --- elite athletes --- DEXA --- executive functions --- shooting performance --- gender differences --- cadets --- resistance training --- power exercise --- team sport --- conditioning capabilities --- lower extremity --- dynamic balance --- dose–response --- training intensity --- elastic bands --- chain --- eccentric training --- decline squat --- patellar tendon --- sonoelastography --- stiffness

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In recent years, artificial intelligence has increasingly been playing an essential role in diverse areas in medicine, assisting clinicians in patient management. In nephrology and transplantation, artificial intelligence can be utilized to enhance clinical care, such as through hemodialysis prescriptions and the follow-up of kidney transplant patients. Furthermore, there are rapidly expanding applications and validations of comprehensive, computerized medical records and related databases, including national registries, health insurance, and drug prescriptions. For this Special Issue, we made a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their invaluable works and present, here, a collection of articles covering original clinical research (single- or multi-center), database studies from registries, meta-analyses, and artificial intelligence research in nephrology including acute kidney injury, electrolytes and acid–base, chronic kidney disease, glomerular disease, dialysis, and transplantation that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of nephrology and transplantation toward improving patient outcomes.

tacrolimus --- C/D ratio --- tacrolimus metabolism --- everolimus --- conversion --- kidney transplantation --- gut microbiome --- renal transplant recipient --- diarrhea --- immunosuppressive medication --- gut microbiota --- 16S rRNA sequencing --- butyrate-producing bacteria --- Proteobacteria --- torquetenovirus --- immunosuppression --- transplantation --- immunosuppressed host --- outcome --- renal transplantation --- Goodpasture syndrome --- anti-GBM disease --- epidemiology --- hospitalization --- outcomes --- acute kidney injury --- risk prediction --- artificial intelligence --- patent ductus arteriosus --- conservative management --- blood pressure --- eradication --- interferon-free regimen --- hepatitis C infection --- kidney transplant --- allograft steatosis --- lipopeliosis --- transplant numbers --- live donors --- public awareness --- Google TrendsTM --- machine learning --- big data --- nephrology --- chronic kidney disease --- NLR --- PLR --- RPGN --- predictive value --- hemodialysis --- withdrawal --- cellular crescent --- global sclerosis --- procurement kidney biopsy --- glomerulosclerosis --- minimally-invasive donor nephrectomy --- robot-assisted surgery --- laparoscopic surgery --- organ donation --- living kidney donation --- MeltDose® --- LCPT --- renal function --- liver transplantation --- metabolism --- erythropoietin --- fibroblast growth factor 23 --- death --- weekend effect --- in-hospital mortality --- comorbidity --- dialysis --- elderly --- klotho --- α-Klotho --- FGF-23 --- kidney donor --- Nephrology --- CKD-MBD --- CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder --- deceased donor --- Eurotransplant Senior Program --- risk stratification --- intensive care --- kidney transplant recipients --- long-term outcomes --- graft failure --- cardiovascular mortality --- lifestyle --- inflammation --- vascular calcification --- bone mineral density --- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry --- living donation --- repeated kidney transplantation --- graft survival --- prolonged ischaemic time --- patient survival --- pre-emptive transplantation --- metabolomics --- urine --- acute rejection --- allograft --- cystatin C --- hyperfiltration --- kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 --- tubular damage --- genetic polymorphisms --- (cardiac) surgery --- inflammatory cytokines --- clinical studies --- chronic kidney disease (CKD) --- no known kidney disease (NKD) --- ICD-10 billing codes --- phenotyping --- electronic health record (EHR) --- estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) --- machine learning (ML) --- generalized linear model network (GLMnet) --- random forest (RF) --- artificial neural network (ANN), clinical natural language processing (clinical NLP) --- discharge summaries --- laboratory values --- area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) --- area under the precision-recall curve (AUCPR) --- fibrosis --- extracellular matrix --- collagen type VI --- living-donor kidney transplantation --- ethnic disparity