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Der Prozess des Einmischens von Luft aus der freien Atmosphäre in die konvektive Grenzschicht wird mit Hilfe eines Doppler Lidars und konzeptioneller Ansätze untersucht. Durch detaillierte Betrachtung der Vorgänge an der Oberkante der Grenzschicht einerseits und der quantitativen Erfassung der Wirkung dieser Vorgänge andererseits, konnte eine Erweiterung des Prozessverständnisses erfolgen sowie Möglichkeiten zu einer robusteren numerischen Beschreibung des Prozesses aufgezeigt werden.

Entrainment --- Grenzschicht --- Doppler Lidar --- Einmischen

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This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented..

complex flow --- Floating Lidar System (FLS) --- mesoscale --- wind energy resources --- variational analysis --- wind turbine --- wind sensing --- wind energy --- wind gusts --- wake --- wind structure --- complex terrain --- global ocean --- remote sensing forecasting --- detached eddy simulation --- five-minute ahead wind power forecasting --- tropical cyclones --- fetch effect --- aerosol --- vertical Light Detection and Ranging --- range gate length --- resource assessment --- field experiments --- remote sensing --- optical flow --- turbulence --- atmospheric boundary layer --- Doppler Wind Lidar --- offshore --- empirical equation --- Lidar --- WindSAT --- coastal wind measurement --- offshore wind speed forecasting --- Doppler wind lidar --- Doppler --- wind --- wind lidar --- cross-correlation --- QuikSCAT --- wind resource assessment --- detecting and tracking --- single-particle --- gust prediction --- NWP model --- velocity-azimuth-display algorithm --- lidar-assisted control (LAC) --- Doppler lidar --- motion estimation --- power performance testing --- lidar --- large-eddy simulations --- wind farm --- coherent Doppler lidar --- wake modeling --- probabilistic forecasting --- control --- NeoWins --- wind turbine controls --- impact prediction --- wind turbine wake --- Hazaki Oceanographical Research Station --- VAD --- virtual lidar --- Doppler radar --- IEA Wind Task 32 --- ASCAT --- wind atlas --- turbulence intensity

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Remote Sensing is of paramount importance for Earth Observation to monitor and analyze the Earth’s vital signs. In this Special Issue are reported the latest research results involving active optical remote sensing instruments, both from ground-based to satellite platforms, that are involved in analyzing the vertical and horizontal aerosol and cloud distribution, other than their geometrical, optical and microphysical properties. Those active optical remote sensing techniques are also very useful in determining pollutant dispersion and the dynamics inside the boundary layer. The published studies put in evidence the hidden mechanisms on how pollution from the source is advected transnationally in other countries and the interaction with local meteorology.

rainfall --- lidar --- disdrometer --- evaporation --- meteorology --- climate change --- latent heat --- precipitation --- MOD04 --- Dark-Target --- Deep-Blue --- AERONET --- LiDAR --- AOD --- Beijing --- China --- CALIPSO --- dust top height --- frequency of dust occurrence --- pure dust --- polluted dust --- extinction coefficient --- above-cloud aerosol --- low-level cloud --- cloud base height --- ground-based observations --- relative humidity profile --- threshold --- Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau --- low–latitude plateau monsoon climate --- aerosol type and source --- aerosol properties --- monsoon index --- seasonal variation --- aerosol --- aerosol–cloud interactions --- MPLNET --- image processing --- network --- infrastructure --- virga --- black carbon --- Tibetan plateau --- water vapor transport --- South Asian summer monsoon --- East Asian summer monsoon --- PM2.5 --- radar wind profiler --- wind shear --- dual-field-of-view (FOV) --- geometric overlap factor (GOF) --- blind zone --- transition zone --- mass concentration --- stereo-monitoring networks --- Doppler LiDAR --- spatial wind variability --- air quality --- turbulent mixing --- cloud --- Hong Kong --- aerosols --- remote sensing --- wind lidar --- air-pollution --- radiative effects --- ground based remote sensing --- aerosols optical properties --- lidar ratio --- aerosol type