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Abu 'Abdollâh' Jafar ibn Mohammad Rudaki (c. 880 CE-941 CE) was a poet to the Samanid court which ruled much of Khorâsân (northeastern Persia) from its seat in Bukhara. He is widely regarded as "the father of Persian poetry, for he was the first major poet to write in New Persian language, following the Arab conquest in the seventh and eighth centuries, which established Islam as the official religion, and made Arabic the predominant literary language in Persian-speaking lands for some two centuries. In the tenth century the Caliphate power, with headquarters in Bagdad, gradually weakened. The remoteness of Khorâsân, where Rudaki was based, provided a hospitable atmosphere for a "renaissance" of Persian literature. Persian poetry-now written in the Arabic alphabet-flourished under the patronage of the Samanid amirs, who drew literary talent to their court. Under the rule of Nasr ibn Ahmad II (r. 914-943), Rudaki distinguished himself as the brightest literary star of the Samanid court. This book presents Rudaki as the founder of a new poetic aesthetic, which was adopted by subsequent generations of Persian poets. Rudaki is credited with being the first to write in the rubâi form; and many of the images we first encounter in Rudaki's lines have become staples of Persian poetry.

Quatrains, Persian --- Persian quatrains --- Persian poetry --- History and criticism. --- Rūdakī, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Literature --- persia --- poetry --- Amu Darya --- Couplet --- Emir --- Iranian calendars --- Rudaki --- Wine

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In Last Looks, Last Books, the eminent critic Helen Vendler examines the ways in which five great modern American poets, writing their final books, try to find a style that does justice to life and death alike. With traditional religious consolations no longer available to them, these poets must invent new ways to express the crisis of death, as well as the paradoxical coexistence of a declining body and an undiminished consciousness. In The Rock, Wallace Stevens writes simultaneous narratives of winter and spring; in Ariel, Sylvia Plath sustains melodrama in cool formality; and in Day by Day, Robert Lowell subtracts from plenitude. In Geography III, Elizabeth Bishop is both caught and freed, while James Merrill, in A Scattering of Salts, creates a series of self-portraits as he dies, representing himself by such things as a Christmas tree, human tissue on a laboratory slide, and the evening/morning star. The solution for one poet will not serve for another; each must invent a bridge from an old style to a new one. Casting a last look at life as they contemplate death, these modern writers enrich the resources of lyric poetry.

Death in literature. --- American poetry --- History and criticism. --- Stevens, Wallace --- Criticism and interpretation --- Plath, Sylvia --- Lowell, Robert Traill Spence, Jr. --- Bishop, Elizabeth --- Merrill, James Ingram --- 20th century --- History and criticism --- Death in literature --- Adjective. --- After Apple-Picking. --- Allusion. --- Amputation. --- Ars Poetica (Horace). --- Asymmetry. --- Because I could not stop for Death. --- Bevel. --- Binocular vision. --- Bluebeard's Castle. --- Burial. --- Calcium carbonate. --- Carbon monoxide. --- Caspar David Friedrich. --- Coffin. --- Couplet. --- Death and Life. --- Death drive. --- Death. --- Deathbed. --- Desiccation. --- Diction. --- Disjecta membra. --- Dramatis Personae. --- Elizabeth Bishop. --- Emblem. --- Emily Dickinson. --- Emptiness. --- Executive director. --- Ezra Pound. --- Fairy tale. --- Fine art. --- Grandparent. --- Hexameter. --- Human extinction. --- Impermanence. --- In Death. --- In the Flesh (TV series). --- Incineration. --- Irony. --- James Merrill. --- John Donne. --- John Keats. --- Lady Lazarus. --- Lament. --- Last Poems. --- Lecture. --- Life Studies. --- Lycidas. --- Macabre. --- Melodrama. --- Metaphor. --- Microtome. --- Misery (novel). --- Mourning. --- Narcissism. --- Narrative. --- National Gallery of Art. --- National Humanities Center. --- Ottava rima. --- Otto Plath. --- Pentameter. --- Phone sex. --- Pity. --- Plath. --- Platitude. --- Poetry. --- Princeton University Press. --- Psychotherapy. --- Rhyme scheme. --- Rhyme. --- Rigor mortis. --- Robert Lowell. --- Sadness. --- Sestet. --- She Died. --- Skirt. --- Slowness (novel). --- Soliloquy. --- Sonnet. --- Stanza. --- Subtraction. --- Suffering. --- Suicide attempt. --- Sylvia Plath. --- Ted Hughes. --- Tercet. --- Terza rima. --- The Other Hand. --- The Snapper (novel). --- Trepanning. --- Tyvek. --- Villanelle. --- Vocation (poem). --- W. B. Yeats. --- W. H. Auden. --- Wallace Stevens. --- Wasting. --- William Shakespeare. --- Writing.