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Result of survey on Household living standards in Vietnam.
Cost and standard of living --- Household surveys --- Coût et niveau de la vie --- Vietnam.
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" ... focuses on topics treating the interface between engineering and management. All aspects of the subject in relation to manufacturing and process industries, as well as production in general are covered. The journal is interdisciplinary in nature, considering whole cycles of activities, such as the product life cycle - research, design, development, test, launch, disposal - and the material flow cycle - supply, production, distribution."
Engineering economy --- Production (Economic theory) --- Production management --- Ingénierie --- Production --- Coût --- Périodiques. --- Gestion --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Microeconomics --- Supply and demand --- Demand (Economic theory) --- Supply-side economics --- Industrial engineering
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"The key areas of life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and whole life costing (WLC) are exemplified in this volume with accounts of their application to housing stock, a community hydroelectric power system, various aspects of highway infrastructure, and corrosion protective coatings. Sustainable construction and design requires more than compliance with safety requirements and economic constraints, there is also the impact on the environment, the surrounding population and users of the infrastructure. This requires a multidimensional perspective of sustainability to be considered in life cycle costing (LCC) combining current design criteria with these other aspects. It has become increasingly important to understand the full costs of civil engineering infrastructure, and the main sources of cost, along the whole supply chain and to identify cost reduction opportunities. The conventional procurement approach without the integration of probabilistic life-cycle cost modelling induces substantial long term maintenance costs. Once deterioration and life-cycle cost models have been established, appropriate partnership procurement strategies, associated financing methods and determination of the project period can be developed. LCC includes the cost of planning, design, acquisition, operation, maintenance and disposal of buildings and other construction assets, while WLC additionally includes incomes and other costs such as non-construction costs and externalities. In whole life costing, social, environmental or business costs or benefits are considered as externalities and care must be taken not to double-count the impacts when WLC is used together with LCCA. The international examples included here illustrate practically the methodology of life cycle costing and the application of life-cycle cost analysis to identify the most appropriate method for assessing the relative merits of competing project implementation alternatives. As such it will provide a valuable tool for practising engineers, researchers and advanced students in civil and structural engineering."--Publisher's website
Life cycle costing. --- Engineering economy. --- Cost control. --- Construction industry --- Product life cycle. --- Life cycle, Product --- Manufactures --- Marketing --- Product management --- Containment, Cost --- Cost containment --- Cost reduction --- Costs, Industrial --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Costing, Life cycle --- L.C.C. (Life cycle costing) --- LCC (Life cycle costing) --- Life cycle cost --- Life cycle cost analysis --- Terotechnology --- Cost effectiveness. --- Life cycle --- Cost Control --- Coût du cycle de vie. --- Coût --- Produits commerciaux --- Contrôle. --- Cycle de vie.
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Ce traité présente un intérêt pratique et un enjeu philosophique. Pratique, car il est l’œuvre d’un ingénieur qui l’a élaboré au cœur de la vie des organisations et il est utilisé quotidiennement par de nombreux responsables de tous niveaux dans la vie des affaires. Philosophique, car il tourne le dos aux théories classiques, qu’elles soient inspirées de la maximisation du profit ou de la planification scientifique, pour mettre au premier plan la logique personnelle des divers acteurs.
Comptabilité analytique. --- Biens de consommation durables. --- Coût --- Bien durable. --- Estimation des coûts. --- Évaluation. --- Contrôle. --- Comptabilité analytique. --- Coût --- Estimation des coûts. --- Modèles mathématiques. --- Évaluation. --- Contrôle. --- Évaluation --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Management Theory --- Gestion d'entreprise --- Entreprises --- Gestion d'entreprise. --- Comptabilité analytique --- Manuels d'enseignement supérieur. --- évaluation des coûts --- théorie de la gestion --- coût --- analyse des coûts --- coûts
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Basing his proposal on plans developed by New Deal social welfare administrators, Harvey analyzes the feasibility and desirability of using public sector job creation to secure a right to employment. He shows that such a policy would provide more effective relief from the problems of poverty and unemployment than do existing arrangements while permitting a major expansion in the production of public goods and services without increasing tax burdens. The economic side-effects and administrative problems associated with the policy are carefully explored and found manageable. Finally, the book concludes with an assessment of the political interests that stand in the way of policy initiatives like the one proposed.Originally published in 1989.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Public service employment --- Cost effectiveness. --- Labour market --- Social policy --- United States --- Création d'emplois (Programmes gouvernementaux) --- Cost effectiveness --- Coût-efficacité --- Employment, Public service --- Work relief --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Full employment policies --- Manpower policy --- Civil service --- E-books --- Public service employment - United States. --- Public service employment - United States - Cost effectiveness. --- United States of America
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In The Zero Marginal Cost Society, New York Times bestselling author Jeremy Rifkin describes how the emerging Internet of Things is speeding us to an era of nearly free goods and services, precipitating the meteoric rise of a global Collaborative Commons and the eclipse of capitalism.Rifkin uncovers a paradox at the heart of capitalism that has propelled it to greatness but is now taking it to its death-the inherent entrepreneurial dynamism of competitive markets that drives productivity up and marginal costs down, enabling businesses to reduce the price of their goods and services in order to win over consumers and market share. (Marginal cost is the cost of producing additional units of a good or service, if fixed costs are not counted.) While economists have always welcomed a reduction in marginal cost, they never anticipated the possibility of a technological revolution that might bring marginal costs to near zero, making goods and services priceless, nearly free, and abundant, and no longer subject to market forces.Now, a formidable new technology infrastructure-the Internet of things (IoT)-is emerging with the potential of pushing large segments of economic life to near zero marginal cost in the years ahead. Rifkin describes how the Communication Internet is converging with a nascent Energy Internet and Logistics Internet to create a new technology platform that connects everything and everyone. Billions of sensors are being attached to natural resources, production lines, the electricity grid, logistics networks, recycling flows, and implanted in homes, offices, stores, vehicles, and even human beings, feeding Big Data into an IoT global neural network. Prosumers can connect to the network and use Big Data, analytics, and algorithms to accelerate efficiency, dramatically increase productivity, and lower the marginal cost of producing and sharing a wide range of products and services to near zero, just like they now do with information goods. The plummeting of marginal costs is spawning a hybrid economy-part capitalist market and part Collaborative Commons-with far reaching implications for society, according to Rifkin. Hundreds of millions of people are already transferring parts of their economic lives to the global Collaborative Commons. Prosumers are plugging into the fledgling IoT and making and sharing their own information, entertainment, green energy, and 3D-printed products at near zero marginal cost. They are also sharing cars, homes, clothes and other items via social media sites, rentals, redistribution clubs, and cooperatives at low or near zero marginal cost. Students are enrolling in free massive open online courses (MOOCs) that operate at near zero marginal cost. Social entrepreneurs are even bypassing the banking establishment and using crowdfunding to finance startup businesses as well as creating alternative currencies in the fledgling sharing economy. In this new world, social capital is as important as financial capital, access trumps ownership, sustainability supersedes consumerism, cooperation ousts competition, and exchange value in the capitalist marketplace is increasingly replaced by sharable value on the Collaborative Commons. Rifkin concludes that capitalism will remain with us, albeit in an increasingly streamlined role, primarily as an aggregator of network services and solutions, allowing it to flourish as a powerful niche player in the coming era. We are, however, says Rifkin, entering a world beyond markets where we are learning how to live together in an increasingly interdependent global Collaborative Commons.Bron : http://www.amazon.com
Economic order --- Capitalism --- Cooperation --- Cost --- 004.738.5 --- crowdfunding --- internet of things --- online netwerken --- 330.50 --- 330.55 --- 338.317.0 --- Costs (Economics) --- Expenses --- Economics --- Contingent fees --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Profit-sharing --- Market economy --- Profit --- Capital --- het internet --- Economische en sociale stelsels: algemeenheden. --- Coöperatief stelsel --- Coöperatief stelsel: algemeenheden. Coöperatieve vennootschappen --- Cooperation. --- Capitalisme --- Coût --- Coopération --- Internet --- Kapitalisme --- Coöperaties --- Kostenreductie --- Trends --- Trendwatching --- Economische theorieën --- Economische en sociale stelsels: algemeenheden --- Coöperatie --- Trend --- Economische theorie
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This impressive book tracks the progress of twelve countries on five continents in moving resources from defense to civilian activity in the 1990's. Based on intensive field research, thanks to its truly international array of contributors, the book addresses each country with an impressive standard of scholarship. This accessible book is written in non-technical language and will be of great use and interest to academics involved with defense economics, defense studies and development studies. It will also prove popular with international development organizations, the defense industry and po
Disarmament - Economic aspects. --- Economic conversion. --- Economic development. --- Military readiness -- Costs. --- Peace -- Economic aspects. --- Peace --- Military readiness --- Economic conversion --- Economic development --- Economic aspects. --- Costs. --- Economic aspects --- Costs --- Conversion économique --- Paix --- Armements --- Développement économique --- Aspect économique --- Coût --- Armaments --- Defense readiness --- Defenses, National --- Military preparedness --- National defenses --- Preparedness (Military science) --- Readiness (Military science) --- Coexistence, Peaceful --- Peaceful coexistence --- Conversion, Economic --- Conversion from military to civilian production --- Conversion of industries --- Defense conversion --- Military to civilian conversion --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Military policy --- Arms control --- Arms race --- Disarmament --- Manpower --- International relations --- Peace-building --- Security, International --- War --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse
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Whiplash, first described in a medical journal in 1953, now occurs so frequently that in the U.S. alone its annual cost is estimated at between $13 and $18 billion dollars. In Whiplash and Other Useful Illnesses Andrew Malleson contends that whiplash is nothing more than a strain of the neck and, like most other strains, heals in a matter of days or weeks. The fact that up to 10% of all whiplash "victims" are reported as permanently disabled occurs because medical healthcare and legal professionals foster and create illnesses, dangling illusive fortunes in front of would-be claimants. Malleson details the evolution of whiplash from a common, short-lived disorder into a world-wide epidemic that has left millions permanently disabled. He exposes how some medical healthcare and legal professionals prey on the anxieties and greed of their clients. He argues that whiplash is only one of a long list of largely fabricated illnesses and injuries that will drain resources from the health care system.
Medical care, Cost of --- Personal injuries --- Whiplash injuries --- Medical jurisprudence --- Forensic medicine --- Injuries (Law) --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Legal medicine --- Forensic sciences --- Medicine --- Medical laws and legislation --- Cervical vertebrae --- Neck --- Traffic accidents --- Liability for personal injuries --- Accident law --- Employers' liability --- Torts --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Treatment --- Wounds and injuries --- Law and legislation --- Costs --- Médecine légale --- Syndrome cervical traumatique --- Dommage corporel --- Soins médicaux --- Social aspects --- Traitement --- Coût --- Medecine legale --- Soins medicaux --- Cout
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Most Canadian parents have had to assume a larger share of the financial costs of their children's post-secondary education because of declining government funding and changing loans and bursary programs. Preparing for Post-Secondary Education considers the impact of increased private support and the planning strategies parents use based on information from a 1999 Statistics Canada national survey of 34,000 households. The contributors begin by examining changes to national and international educational funding policies and the relationship between public and private costs. They focus on the role of families in marshaling the necessary resources, demonstrating that access to post-secondary education is also determined by social capital. The authors conclude that new partnerships between parents, the state, and schools are redefining the various players' roles and commitments to the educational futures of Canadian children. Contributors include the late Stephen Bell (York University), Scott Davies (McMaster University), Ross Finnie (Queen's University), George Frempong (York University), Dianne Looker (Acadia University), Nancy Mandell (York University), Sheila Marshall (University of British Columbia), Hans Schuetze (University of British Columbia), Victor Thiessen (Dalhousie University), Jim White (University of British Columbia), and Jamie Wood (University of British Columbia).
Education, Higher --- Postsecondary education --- College students --- Higher education and state --- Education savings accounts --- Registered education savings plans --- RESPs (Registered education savings plans) --- State and higher education --- Education and state --- Post high school education --- Post-secondary education --- Tertiary education --- Education --- Higher education --- Universities and colleges --- College life --- University students --- Students --- Finance. --- Parent participation --- Finance, Personal. --- Costs. --- Government policy --- Enseignement supérieur --- Enseignement postsecondaire --- Étudiants --- Épargne-études --- Finances. --- Participation des parents --- Finances personnelles. --- Coût. --- Politique gouvernementale --- Enseignement superieur --- Etudiants --- Epargne-etudes --- Cout.
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Austrian Controller Award 2005 This book develops a comprehensive concept of regulatory risk integrating existing theoretical and empirical research. The focus is on explaining how the design of the regulatory system influences the risk of a rate-regulated firm, as well as on elaborating appropriate methods for the determination of the regulatory rate base and the allowed rate of return. Regarding the regulatory rate base, the question of whether market value of capital or book value of assets should be employed and the choice of the depreciation scheme are at the center of the discussion. Specific methodical issues concerning cost of capital assessment for rate-regulated firms are analyzed, i.e. the circularity of rate regulation, the sharing of risks between capital owners and rate payers, the length of the regulatory review period, the regulation of the capital structure as well as the conversion of a post-tax to pre-tax weighted average cost of capital.
Risk management. --- Capital costs. --- Gestion du risque --- Coût du capital --- Industrial Management --- Accounting --- Management Styles & Communication --- Commerce --- Management --- Business & Economics --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 338.40 --- 380.3 --- 380.20 --- Industrieel beleid: algemeenheden. --- Prijsbeleid. --- Prijstheorieën: algemeenheden. --- Public utilities --- Government policy. --- Finance. --- Rates. --- Rate of return. --- Coût du capital --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVECONO LIVGESTI SPRINGER-B --- Return of public utilities --- Municipal utilities --- Public-service corporations (Public utilities) --- Utilities, Public --- Utility companies --- Return --- Business. --- Accounting. --- Bookkeeping. --- Industrial organization. --- Business and Management. --- Accounting/Auditing. --- Finance, general. --- Industrial Organization. --- Rate of return --- Fair value --- Municipal franchises --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Accountancy --- Business enterprises --- Commercial accounting --- Finance --- Financial accounting --- Business --- Bookkeeping --- Capital costs --- Risk management --- Insurance --- Cost of capital --- Cost of debt --- Cost of equity --- Cost --- Industrieel beleid: algemeenheden --- Prijstheorieën: algemeenheden --- Prijsbeleid --- Bookkeeping . --- Double entry bookkeeping --- Business education
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