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The closely related problems of creativity and freedom have long been seen as emblematic of the Renaissance. Ullrich Langer, however, argues that French and Italian Renaissance literature can be profitably reconceived in terms of the way these problems are treated in late medieval scholasticism in general and nominalist theology in particular. Looking at a subject that is relatively unexplored by literary critics, Langer introduces the reader to some basic features of nominalist theology and uses these to focus on what we find to be "modern" in French and Italian literature of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.Langer demonstrates that this literature, often in its most interesting moments, represents freedom from constraint in the figures of the poet and the reader and in the fictional world itself. In Langer's view, nominalist theology provides a set of concepts that helps us understand the intellectual context of that freedom: God, the secular sovereign, and the poet are similarly absolved of external necessity in their relationships to their worlds.Originally published in 1990.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Free will and determinism in literature. --- French literature --- Italian literature --- Nominalism in literature. --- Renaissance. --- Theology in literature. --- History and criticism. --- France --- Italy --- Intellectual life --- 16th century --- History and criticism --- 15th century --- To 1500 --- 1268-1559 --- Renaissance --- French literature - 16th century - History and criticism. --- Italian literature - 16th century - History and criticism. --- Italian literature - 15th century - History and criticism. --- French literature - To 1500 - History and criticism. --- France - Intellectual life - 16th century. --- Italy - Intellectual life - 1268-1559.

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Analyzing the literature on art from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, The Spiritual Language of Art explores the complex relationship between visual art and spiritual experiences during the Italian Renaissance. Though scholarly research on these writings has predominantly focused on the influence of classical literature, this study reveals that Renaissance authors consistently discussed art using terms, concepts and metaphors derived from spiritual literature. By examining these texts in the light of medieval sources, greater insight is gained on the spiritual nature of the artist’s process and the reception of art. Offering a close re-readings of many important writers (Alberti, Leonardo, Vasari, et cetera), this study deepens our understanding of attitudes toward art and spirituality in the Italian Renaissance.

Art criticism --- Italian literature --- Spirituality in literature. --- Christianity and literature. --- Critique d'art --- Littérature italienne --- Spiritualité dans la littérature --- Christianisme et littérature --- History --- History and criticism. --- Histoire --- Histoire et critique --- Littérature italienne --- Spiritualité dans la littérature --- Christianisme et littérature --- religious texts --- 246 "04/14" --- 930.85.44 <45> --- Christelijke kunst en symbolisme--Middeleeuwen --- Cultuurgeschiedenis: Renaissance--Italië --- 930.85.44 <45> Cultuurgeschiedenis: Renaissance--Italië --- Christian religion --- History of civilization --- Thematology --- anno 1500-1599 --- Italy --- Christian art and symbolism. --- Art criticism. --- Art --- Arts --- Criticism --- Art, Christian --- Art, Ecclesiastical --- Arts in the church --- Christian symbolism --- Ecclesiastical art --- Symbolism and Christian art --- Religious art --- Symbolism --- Symbolism in art --- Church decoration and ornament --- Analysis, interpretation, appreciation --- Art criticism - Italy - History - 15th century. --- Art criticism - Italy - History - 16th century. --- Italian literature - 15th century - History and criticism. --- Italian literature - 16th century - History and criticism.

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What did you do when you fell ill in fifteenth-century Florence? How did you get the medicines that you needed at a price you could afford? What would you find when you entered an apothecary’s shop? This richly detailed study of the Speziale al Giglio in Florence provides surprising answers, demonstrating the continued importance of highly personalised medical practice late into the fifteenth century. Drawing on extensive archival research, it shows how personal relationships and mutual trust, rather than market forces, made payment possible even for those with limited incomes. Examining the spaces, people and products involved, Making and Marketing Medicine investigates the roles played by sociability, information networks and regulation in creating communities as well as in promoting health in Renaissance Italy.

History of Italy --- History of human medicine --- anno 1400-1499 --- Florence --- Drugstores --- Public health --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Drug Prescriptions --- History, 15th Century --- History, 16th Century --- Marketing --- Pharmacies --- History --- history --- Italy. --- E-books --- 16th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 16th Cent. History of Medicine --- 16th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 16th Century --- History of Medicine, 16th Cent. --- History, Sixteenth Century --- Medical History, 16th Cent. --- Medicine, 16th Cent. --- 16th Century History --- 16th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 16th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 16th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 16th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 16th --- Century Histories, Sixteenth --- Century History, 16th --- Century History, Sixteenth --- Histories, 16th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 16th Century --- Histories, Sixteenth Century --- History, 16th Cent. (Medicine) --- Sixteenth Century Histories --- Sixteenth Century History --- 15th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 15th Cent. History of Medicine --- 15th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 15th Century --- History of Medicine, 15th Cent. --- History, Fifteenth Century --- Medical History, 15th Cent. --- Medicine, 15th Cent. --- 15th Century History --- 15th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 15th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 15th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 15th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 15th --- Century Histories, Fifteenth --- Century History, 15th --- Century History, Fifteenth --- Fifteenth Century Histories --- Fifteenth Century History --- Histories, 15th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 15th Century --- Histories, Fifteenth Century --- History, 15th Cent. (Medicine) --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Apothecaries (Drugstores) --- Apothecary shops --- Chemists' shops --- Drug stores --- Pharmaceutical services --- Stores, Retail --- Sardinia --- Drugstores. --- Public health. --- 1400 - 1499 --- Italy --- Forence --- Medicine --- Health Workforce