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Si le réseau désigne depuis longtemps en langue française le filet qui trie et rassemble, il permet aussi d’aborder des phénomènes sociaux que l’analyse des individus seule ne permettrait pas de visualiser. Il ne faut donc pas s’étonner que l’histoire religieuse ait utilisé très rapidement cet outil pour comprendre des regroupements d’individus qui sont au-delà de l’emprise des institutions religieuses parfois. La technique de l’analyse des réseaux, issue du monde anglo-saxon (le sociologue J. A. Barnes en 1954…), appartient aux méthodes les plus prometteuses de l’histoire qui les utilise depuis quelques années sous toutes ses facettes. Non seulement l’évolution de la graphie permet de visualiser de façon rigoureuse ce que nous livre la documentation mais l’expérience des historiens dans l’analyse des correspondances et des listes diverses depuis les temps médiévaux nous ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l’appréhension de phénomènes sociaux qui jusque-là étaient réservés à l’histoire des institutions, en tout cas pour les réseaux religieux qui nous sont présentés ici.

Religion --- History --- ordre mendiant --- confraternité --- art --- Moyen Âge --- prière --- réseau social --- Vatican II

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The mendicant orders, essential agents of the spirituality of the last centuries of the Middle Ages, are intimately linked to their inhabited universe: their convents. Based on their own structural, aesthetic and functional principles, these architectural complexes with a clearly polyvalent vocation, responding to the religious, community and intellectual activities of the religious as well as to the needs of the faithful, constituted the edifying counterpoint of the apostolic activity and the pattern of life of beggars. Deliberately settled in urban environments, they created decisive bridges with the outside world, thus opening up their establishments, which, because of their thoughtful establishment, were able to integrate and adapt dynamically in reception areas. The frequent foundations of the convents in the sensitive areas of the cities and the creation, in the churches and in the conventual buildings, of suitable spaces and architectural arrangements satisfied, sometimes even preceded, the spiritual aspirations, even social, of the flocks. This study, combining archaeological data with information provided by archives, historical sources and ancient graphic documents, embraces the female and male convents of the four main begging orders: Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites and Augustinians. Moreover, in the geographical area chosen, namely the north of France and the former Southern Netherlands, the conventual architecture had until then been little explored.

Christian religious orders --- anno 1200-1499 --- Belgium --- Netherlands --- France: North --- Convents --- Friars --- Couvents --- Ordres mendiants --- History --- Histoire --- France --- Belgique --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- Monasteries --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History. --- 271.025 <44> --- 271.025 <493> --- 271 "13" --- 726.7 <44> --- 726.7 <493> --- Bedelorden--Frankrijk --- Bedelorden--België --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--?"13" --- Abdijen. Kloosters--Frankrijk --- Abdijen. Kloosters--België --- 726.7 <493> Abdijen. Kloosters--België --- 726.7 <44> Abdijen. Kloosters--Frankrijk --- 271.025 <493> Bedelorden--België --- 271.025 <44> Bedelorden--Frankrijk --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Cloisters (Religious communities) --- Friaries --- Church property --- Religious institutions --- Scriptoria --- Mendicant orders --- Christians --- Convents and nunneries --- Nunneries --- Monasticism and religious orders for women --- Europe --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Convents - France, Northern - History. --- Convents - Belgium - History. --- Monasteries - France, Northern - History. --- Monasteries - Belgium - History. --- Friars - France, Northern - History. --- Monasticism and religious orders - France, Northern - History. --- Monasticism and religious orders - Belgium - History. --- couvent --- ordre mendiant --- Pays-Bas --- architecture --- COUVENTS --- MONACHISME ET ORDRES RELIGIEUX --- ORDRES MENDIANTS --- ARCHITECTURE RELIGIEUSE --- EUROPE --- FRANCE --- MOYEN AGE --- PAYS BAS --- VILLES