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Biomedical imaging is the key technique and process to create informative images of the human body or other organic structures for clinical purposes or medical science. Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology has demonstrated enormous potential in biomedical imaging applications due to its outstanding advantages of, for instance, miniaturization, high speed, higher resolution, and convenience of batch fabrication. There are many advancements and breakthroughs developing in the academic community, and there are a few challenges raised accordingly upon the designs, structures, fabrication, integration, and applications of MEMS for all kinds of biomedical imaging. This Special Issue aims to collate and showcase research papers, short commutations, perspectives, and insightful review articles from esteemed colleagues that demonstrate: (1) original works on the topic of MEMS components or devices based on various kinds of mechanisms for biomedical imaging; and (2) new developments and potentials of applying MEMS technology of any kind in biomedical imaging. The objective of this special session is to provide insightful information regarding the technological advancements for the researchers in the community.
micromachining --- n/a --- capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) --- transducer --- gold nanoparticles --- cantilever waveguide --- push-pull actuator --- MEMS mirror --- chemo-FET --- ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transducer --- fluorescence --- lead-free piezoelectric materials --- acoustics --- bioimaging --- scanner --- micro-optics --- MEMS --- microendoscopy --- ego-motion estimation --- rib waveguide --- electromagnetically-driven --- two-photon --- Lissajous scanning --- fabrication --- microwave resonator --- finite element simulation --- noise figure --- imaging --- modelling --- Si lens --- microwave remote sensing --- piezoelectric array --- smart hydrogels --- bio-FET --- surface micromachining --- tilted microcoil --- near-field microwave --- electrochemical sensors --- potentiometric sensor --- photoacoustic imaging --- micromachined US transducer --- electrostatic actuator --- polyimide capillary --- high frequency ultrasonic transducer --- microring resonator --- ultrasonic transducer --- ultrasonic imaging --- indoor navigation --- optical scanner --- scale ambiguity --- bio-sensors --- non-resonating scanner --- wide-filed imaging --- confocal --- acoustic delay line --- tight focus --- miniaturized microscope --- monocular camera --- low noise amplifier (LNA) --- in vivo --- capacitive --- high spatial resolution --- sensing --- microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) --- needle-type --- display --- pseudo-resonant --- MEMS actuators --- microtechnology --- metal oxide field-effect transistor --- transduction techniques --- MEMS scanning mirror --- 3D Printing --- photoacoustic --- chemo-sensor --- in vitro --- wearable sensors
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This book presents a systematic study of practices and theories for query understanding of search engines. These studies can be categorized into three major classes. The first class is to figure out what the searcher wants by extracting semantic meaning from the searcher’s keywords, such as query classification, query tagging, and query intent understanding. The second class is to analyze search queries and then translate them into an enhanced query that can produce better search results, such as query spelling correction or query rewriting. The third class is to assist users in refining or suggesting queries in order to reduce users’ search effort and satisfy their information needs, such as query auto-completion and query suggestion. Query understanding is a fundamental part of search engines. It is responsible to precisely infer the intent of the query formulated by the search user, to correct spelling errors in his/her query, to reformulate the query to capture its intent more accurately, and to guide the user in formulating a query with precise intent. The book will be invaluable to researchers and graduate students in computer or information science and specializing in information retrieval or web-based systems, as well as to researchers and programmers working on the development or improvement of products related to search engines.
Information storage and retrieval. --- Application software. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Information retrieval. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet) --- Information organization. --- Data retrieval --- Data storage --- Discovery, Information --- Information discovery --- Information storage and retrieval --- Retrieval of information --- Documentation --- Information science --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Organization of information
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This book presents state-of-the-art solution methods and applications of stochastic optimal control. It is a collection of extended papers discussed at the traditional Liverpool workshop on controlled stochastic processes with participants from both the east and the west. New problems are formulated, and progresses of ongoing research are reported. Topics covered in this book include theoretical results and numerical methods for Markov and semi-Markov decision processes, optimal stopping of Markov processes, stochastic games, problems with partial information, optimal filtering, robust control, Q-learning, and self-organizing algorithms. Real-life case studies and applications, e.g., queueing systems, forest management, control of water resources, marketing science, and healthcare, are presented. Scientific researchers and postgraduate students interested in stochastic optimal control,- as well as practitioners will find this book appealing and a valuable reference. .
Computational complexity. --- Engineering—Data processing. --- Computational intelligence. --- Statistical physics. --- Probabilities. --- Complexity. --- Data Engineering. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Theory. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Physics --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- Statistical methods --- Stochastic control theory. --- Control theory --- Stochastic processes --- Dynamics. --- Nonlinear theories. --- Engineering --- Nonlinear Optics. --- Stochastic analysis. --- Applied Dynamical Systems. --- Stochastic Analysis. --- Data processing. --- Analysis, Stochastic --- Mathematical analysis --- Optics, Nonlinear --- Optics --- Lasers --- Nonlinear problems --- Nonlinearity (Mathematics) --- Calculus --- Mathematical physics --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Mechanics --- Statics
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Civilization, Ancient. --- Liangzhu culture. --- Neolithic period. --- New Stone age --- Stone age --- Neolithic period --- Ancient civilization
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This book presents advances in state-of-the-art solution methods and their applications to real life practical problems in optimization, control and operations research. Contributions from world-class experts in the field are collated here in two parts, dealing first with optimization and control theory and then with techniques and applications. Topics covered in the first part include control theory on infinite dimensional Banach spaces, history-dependent inclusion and linear programming complexity theory. Chapters also explore the use of approximations of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman inequality for solving periodic optimization problems and look at multi-objective semi-infinite optimization problems, and production planning problems. In the second part, the authors address techniques and applications of optimization and control in a variety of disciplines, such as chaos synchronization, facial expression recognition and dynamic input-output economic models. Other applications considered here include image retrieval, natural earth satellites orbital transfers, snap-back repellers, and modern logistic systems. Readers will learn of advances in optimization, control, and operations research, as well as potential new avenues of research and development. The book will appeal to scientific researchers, mathematicians and all specialists interested in the latest advances in optimization and control. .
Mathematical optimization. --- Control theory --- Mathematical models. --- Optimization (Mathematics) --- Optimization techniques --- Optimization theory --- Systems optimization --- Mathematical analysis --- Maxima and minima --- Operations research --- Simulation methods --- System analysis --- Systems theory. --- Operations research. --- Optimization. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- System theory. --- Decision making. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Decision making --- Philosophy
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Neural Networks: Computational Models and Applications covers a wealth of important theoretical and practical issues in neural networks, including the learning algorithms of feed-forward neural networks, various dynamical properties of recurrent neural networks, winner-take-all networks and their applications in broad manifolds of computational intelligence: pattern recognition, uniform approximation, constrained optimization, NP-hard problems, and image segmentation. By presenting various computational models, this book is developed to provide readers with a quick but insightful understanding of the broad and rapidly growing areas in the neural networks domain. Besides laying down fundamentals on artificial neural networks, this book also studies biologically inspired neural networks. Some typical computational models are discussed, and subsequently applied to objection recognition, scene analysis and associative memory. The studies of bio-inspired models have important implications in computer vision and robotic navigation, as well as new efficient algorithms for image analysis. Another significant feature of the book is that it begins with fundamental dynamical problems in presenting the mathematical techniques extensively used in analyzing neurodynamics, thus allowing non-mathematicians to develop and apply these analytical techniques easily. Written for a wide readership, engineers, computer scientists and mathematicians interested in machine learning, data mining and neural networks modeling will find this book of value. This book will also act as a helpful reference for graduate students studying neural networks and complex dynamical systems.
Neural networks (Computer science) --- Réseaux neuronaux (Informatique) --- Natural computation. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Neural networks (Computer science). --- Civil Engineering --- Computer Science --- Applied Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Biologically-inspired computing. --- Biologically-inspired computing --- Bio-inspired computing --- Natural computing --- Artificial neural networks --- Nets, Neural (Computer science) --- Networks, Neural (Computer science) --- Neural nets (Computer science) --- Computer science. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Computer Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Informatics --- Science --- Mathematics --- Artificial intelligence --- Natural computation --- Soft computing --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering.
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This Atlas provides an easy-to-follow operational guide to laparoscopic techniques. It features a wealth of photos to illustrate esophageal carcinoma surgery. Through step-by-step anatomical photographs, it clearly depicts the Ivor-Lewis operative and Ivor-Lewis-Mckeown operative techniques. Using a consistent format, it addresses the clinical anatomy, pre-operative considerations, operative steps, post-operative care, and pearls and pitfalls to make it easy-to-read. The authors emphasize the similarities of the principles and steps between open and laparoscopic surgery, which significantly simplifies the transition from one practice to the other. This Atlas also includes a description of anesthesia techniques, a guide to the use of staplers in laparoscopic surgery, and a comparison of the energy sources available for laparoscopic surgery, while also outlining future developments, e.g. the increasing prevalence of robotic surgery for these procedures. The Atlas offers an essential guide for practitioners and trainees, laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgeons, and experienced esophageal surgeons who are preparing to change to minimal invasive techniques for the management of esophageal carcinoma. It will also benefit all surgeons who are seeking clear photos detailing how to perform these esophageal carcinoma operations.
Medicine. --- Laparoscopic surgery. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Minimally Invasive Surgery. --- Minimally invasive surgery. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Esophagectomy. --- Esophagus --- Endoscopic surgery. --- Cancer --- Surgery. --- Endosurgery --- Minimal access surgery --- Minimally invasive surgery --- MIS (Minimally invasive surgery) --- Operative endoscopy --- Surgical endoscopy --- Endoscopy --- Microsurgery --- Surgery, Operative --- Surgery
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Multiscale Modeling of Additively Manufactured Metals: Application to Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process provides comprehensive coverage on the latest methodology in additive manufacturing (AM) modeling and simulation. Although there are extensive advances within the AM field, challenges to predictive theoretical and computational approaches still hinder the widespread adoption of AM. The book reviews metal additive materials and processes and discusses multiscale/multiphysics modeling strategies. In addition, coverage of modeling and simulation of AM process in order to understand the process-structure-property relationship is reviewed, along with the modeling of morphology evolution, phase transformation, and defect formation in AM parts. Residual stress, distortion, plasticity/damage in AM parts are also considered, with scales associated with the spatial, temporal and/or material domains reviewed. This book is useful for graduate students, engineers and professionals working on AM materials, equipment, process, development and modeling.
Additive manufacturing. --- Metallurgy. --- Oxygen --- Chemical engineering --- Metals --- Ores --- Smelting --- AM (Additive manufacturing) --- Manufacturing processes --- Industrial applications
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This book offers a systematic and rigorous treatment of continuous-time Markov decision processes, covering both theory and possible applications to queueing systems, epidemiology, finance, and other fields. Unlike most books on the subject, much attention is paid to problems with functional constraints and the realizability of strategies. Three major methods of investigations are presented, based on dynamic programming, linear programming, and reduction to discrete-time problems. Although the main focus is on models with total (discounted or undiscounted) cost criteria, models with average cost criteria and with impulsive controls are also discussed in depth. The book is self-contained. A separate chapter is devoted to Markov pure jump processes and the appendices collect the requisite background on real analysis and applied probability. All the statements in the main text are proved in detail. Researchers and graduate students in applied probability, operational research, statistics and engineering will find this monograph interesting, useful and valuable. .
Probabilities. --- Statistics . --- System theory. --- Mathematical optimization. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Statistics and Computing/Statistics Programs. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Optimization. --- Optimization (Mathematics) --- Optimization techniques --- Optimization theory --- Systems optimization --- Mathematical analysis --- Maxima and minima --- Operations research --- Simulation methods --- System analysis --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Philosophy --- Markov processes. --- Discrete-time systems. --- DES (System analysis) --- Discrete event systems --- Sampled-data systems --- Digital control systems --- Discrete mathematics --- Linear time invariant systems --- Analysis, Markov --- Chains, Markov --- Markoff processes --- Markov analysis --- Markov chains --- Markov models --- Models, Markov --- Processes, Markov --- Stochastic processes --- Control theory. --- Probability Theory. --- Statistics and Computing. --- Systems Theory, Control . --- Data processing. --- Dynamics --- Machine theory
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