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56

Egypte --- Piramiden --- Architectuur --- Geschiedenis --- Piramiden: Egypte --- Piramide --- Archief --- Digitalisering --- Geneeskunde --- Techniek (wetenschap) --- Atlas --- Museum --- Godsdienst --- Cultuur

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Dante Alighieri, --- Dante Alighieri --- Alighieri, Dante --- Dante, Alighieri --- Alih'eri, Dante --- In literature. --- Influence. --- Alihii︠e︡ri, Dante, --- Alaghieri, Dante, --- Aldigeri, Dante, --- Aligeri, Dante, --- Allighieri, Dante, --- Aligerius, Dantes, --- Aligheri, Dante, --- Alighieri, Dante, --- Alleghieri, Dante, --- Durante Alighieri, --- Tan-ting, --- Danding, --- Dāntī Alījyīrī, --- Alīyīrī, Dāntī, --- Dante Alih'i︠e︡ri, --- Dante, --- Dant Aligīeri, --- Aligīeri, Dant, --- Dantte, --- Tantte, --- Dantis Alagherius, --- Danthe Alighieri, --- Alighieri, Danthe, --- Dante Alig'i︠e︡ri, --- Alig'i︠e︡ri, Dante, --- Ailígiéirí, Dainté, --- Dantė Aligjeris, --- Dānté ʼAligiyéri, --- Makākavi Tāntē, --- Tāntē Alikiyari, --- Alikiyari, Tāntē, --- אליגיירי דנטי --- אליגירי, דנטי --- דאנטי אליגיירי --- דאנטי אליגיירי, --- דאנט, --- דנטה אליגיירי, --- דנטה אליגירי, --- דנטי אליגיארי, --- דנטי אליגירי, --- دانتى ألغييري --- دانتي أليجيري،, --- ダンテ, --- Данте Аліґгіері,

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This book shows how knowledge about China became part of European general knowledge. It examines English, French, and German encyclopaedias published between 1700 and 1850 and explores the use and presentation of information on China in works of general knowledge. The first chapters explore the origins of early European perceptions of China until 1850, the development of European encyclopaedias, and the sources used for entries on China. The second major part of the book examines the ways in which encyclopaedias presented information on things Chinese (geography, government, economy, history, language and literature, arts and sciences) and how this information was shaped, expanded, perpetuated, revised, and updated.

Historiography --- Encyclopedias and dictionaries --- History --- History and criticism. --- China --- Civilization

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"Whoever needs an act of faith to elucidate an event that can be explained by reason is a fool, and unworthy of reasonable thought." This line, spoken by the notorious 18th-century libertine Giacomo Casanova, illustrates a deeply entrenched perception of religion, as prevalent today as it was hundreds of years ago. It is the sentiment behind the narrative that Catholic beliefs were incompatible with the Enlightenment ideals. Catholics, many claim, are superstitious and traditional, opposed to democracy and gender equality, and hostile to science. It may come as a surprise, then, to learn that Casanova himself was a Catholic. In The Catholic Enlightenment, Ulrich L. Lehner points to such figures as representatives of a long-overlooked thread of a reform-minded Catholicism, which engaged Enlightenment ideals with as much fervor and intellectual gravity as anyone. Their story opens new pathways for understanding how faith and modernity can interact in our own time.Lehner begins two hundred years before the Enlightenment, when the Protestant Reformation destroyed the hegemony Catholicism had enjoyed for centuries. During this time the Catholic Church instituted several reforms, such as better education for pastors, more liberal ideas about the roles of women, and an emphasis on human freedom as a critical feature of theology. These actions formed the foundation of the Enlightenment's belief in individual freedom. While giants like Spinoza, Locke, and Voltaire became some of the most influential voices of the time, Catholic Enlighteners were right alongside them. They denounced fanaticism, superstition, and prejudice as irreconcilable with the Enlightenment agenda.In 1789, the French Revolution dealt a devastating blow to their cause, disillusioning many Catholics against the idea of modernization. Popes accumulated ever more power and the Catholic Enlightenment was snuffed out. It was not until the Second Vatican Council in 1962 that questions of Catholicism's compatibility with modernity would be broached again.Ulrich L. Lehner tells, for the first time, the forgotten story of these reform-minded Catholics. As Pope Francis pushes the boundaries of Catholicism even further, and Catholics once again grapple with these questions, this book will prove to be required reading.

Christian church history --- anno 1700-1799 --- Enlightenment. --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism --- Catholic Church --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- History --- Catholic Church. --- Since 1500 --- Église catholique --- Mouvement des Lumières --- Since 1500. --- Catholic church --- Enlightenment --- 930.85.48 --- 27 "17" --- 27 "17" Histoire de l'Eglise--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- 27 "17" Kerkgeschiedenis--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Histoire de l'Eglise--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- 930.85.48 Cultuurgeschiedenis: Verlichting; Aufklärung --- Cultuurgeschiedenis: Verlichting; Aufklärung --- Mouvement des Lumières. --- Église catholique --- Mouvement des Lumières.

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It is widely agreed that Protestant scholasticism influenced Kant’s thinking on the question of Divine Providence. But the nature and extent of that influence have never been explored in detail. This is the scholarly lacuna the present volume seeks to fill. It shows how Kant, from his pre-Critical period onward, grappled with the concept of Divine Providence, sought to subjectivize and naturalize it, and how Protestant scholasticism played an important role, both positive and negative, in this endeavor. It also makes clear how this critical philosophical conversation gave rise to a powerful notion of the progress of the human species – a vital part of the Enlightenment’s enduring legacy. This study thus provides not only a unique theological-philosophical overview of 18th-century speculation on the question of Divine Providence; it also sheds important new light on the significance of the German Enlightenment.

Providence and government of God --- Philosophical theology --- History of doctrines --- History --- Kant, Immanuel, --- God --- Theology, Philosophical --- Philosophy and religion --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Providence and government --- Sovereignty --- Kant, Emmanuel --- Kant, Emanuel --- Kant, Emanuele --- Kant, Immanuel --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Providence and government of God - History of doctrines - 18th century. --- Philosophical theology - History - 18th century. --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804.