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This volume presents a collection of interrelated essays by international scholars working on the relationship between commerce and culture from c. 1750 to the early-twentieth century. Considerable attention has recently been focused on the importance of social networks and business culture in reducing transaction costs, both in the pre-industrial period and during the nineteenth century, and these essays underline the centrality of this across a broad international setting. As such the volume provides an important addition to the available literature in this field and will attract a wide read

World history --- anno 1800-1899 --- Commerce --- Corporate culture --- Industrial sociology --- Social aspects --- History --- Sociology --- Industrial organization --- Industries --- Culture, Corporate --- Institutional culture --- Organizational culture --- Corporations --- Organizational behavior --- Business anthropology --- Trade --- Economics --- Business --- Transportation --- Sociological aspects --- Traffic (Commerce) --- Merchants

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This volume brings together ten original papers on the population dynamics and development of Western European port cities. In a substantial overview chapter Lawton and Lee examine 'Port Development and the Demographic Dynamics of European Urbanisation', setting in context the individual case studies that follow. These studies - of Bremen, Cork, Genoa, Glasgow, Hamburg, Liverpool, Malmö, Nantes, Portsmouth and Trieste - provide an important enhancement of our understanding of the particular socio-economic and demographic characteristics of port cities, and point to the existence of a particular port demographic regime. They emphasise the central importance of the high proportion of unskilled and casual labour, the susceptibility of cyclical employment, the inflated risk of epidemic infection, and other demographic and economic factors specific to port cities.

Demography --- Port districts --- Cities and towns --- Démographie --- Zones portuaires --- Villes --- History --- Growth --- Histoire --- Croissance --- Europe, Western --- Europe de l'ouest --- Population --- History of Europe --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1800-1999 --- Urbanization --- History. --- Growth. --- Port authorities --- Harbors --- Special districts --- Historical demography --- Social sciences --- Vital statistics --- West Europe --- Western Europe --- Population. --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Global cities --- Municipalities --- Towns --- Urban areas --- Human settlements --- Urbanization - Europe, Western - History. --- Cities and towns - Europe, Western - Growth. --- Port districts - Europe, Western - History. --- Demography - Europe, Western.