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Learning to Forget analyzes the evolution of US counterinsurgency (COIN) doctrine over the last five decades. Beginning with an extensive section on the lessons of Vietnam, it traces the decline of COIN in the 1970's, then the rebirth of low intensity conflict through the Reagan years, in the conflict in Bosnia, and finally in the campaigns of Iraq and Afghanistan. Ultimately it closes the loop by explaining how, by confronting the lessons of Vietnam, the US Army found a way out of those most recent wars. In the process it provides an illustration of how military leaders make use of history and demonstrates the difficulties of drawing lessons from the past that can usefully be applied to contemporary circumstances. The book outlines how the construction of lessons is tied to the construction of historical memory and demonstrates how histories are constructed to serve the needs of the present. In so doing, it creates a new theory of doctrinal development.

Counterinsurgency --- Vietnam War, 1961-1975 --- Iraq War, 2003-2011. --- Anglo-American Invasion of Iraq, 2003-2011 --- Dawn, Operation New, 2010-2011 --- Gulf War II, 2003-2011 --- Iraqi Freedom, Operation, 2003-2010 --- New Dawn, Operation, 2010-2011 --- Operation Iraqi Freedom, 2003-2010 --- Operation New Dawn, 2010-2011 --- Operation Telic, 2003-2011 --- Persian Gulf War, 2003-2011 --- Telic, Operation, 2003-2011 --- War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- Counterguerrilla warfare --- Guerrilla warfare --- Insurgency --- History. --- Influence. --- United States. --- U.S. Army --- US Army

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Culling the Masses questions the widely held view that in the long run democracy and racism cannot coexist. David Scott FitzGerald and David Cook-Martín show that democracies were the first countries in the Americas to select immigrants by race, and undemocratic states the first to outlaw discrimination. Through analysis of legal records from twenty-two countries between 1790 and 2010, the authors present a history of the rise and fall of racial selection in the Western Hemisphere. The United States led the way in using legal means to exclude "inferior" ethnic groups. Starting in 1790, Congress began passing nationality and immigration laws that prevented Africans and Asians from becoming citizens, on the grounds that they were inherently incapable of self-government. Similar policies were soon adopted by the self-governing colonies and dominions of the British Empire, eventually spreading across Latin America as well. Undemocratic regimes in Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Cuba reversed their discriminatory laws in the 1930s and 1940s, decades ahead of the United States and Canada. The conventional claim that racism and democracy are antithetical--because democracy depends on ideals of equality and fairness, which are incompatible with the notion of racial inferiority--cannot explain why liberal democracies were leaders in promoting racist policies and laggards in eliminating them. Ultimately, the authors argue, the changed racial geopolitics of World War II and the Cold War was necessary to convince North American countries to reform their immigration and citizenship laws.

America -- Ethnic relations -- Political aspects -- History. --- America -- Race relations -- Political aspects -- History. --- Immigrants -- Government policy -- America -- History. --- Racism -- Political aspects -- America -- History. --- Immigrants --- Racism --- Citizenship --- Emigration and immigration law --- Democracy --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Immigration & Emigration --- History --- Government policy --- Political aspects --- History. --- America --- Race relations --- Ethnic relations --- Bias, Racial --- Race bias --- Race prejudice --- Racial bias --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Americas --- New World --- Citizenship. --- Democracy. --- Demokrati --- Emigration and immigration law. --- Emigration and immigration --- Etniska relationer --- Immigration --- Politics and government. --- Rasism --- Historia. --- Government policy. --- Political aspects. --- Politiska aspekter --- America. --- Amerika. --- Zuid-Amerika. --- Prejudices --- Anti-racism --- Persons --- Aliens --- Western Hemisphere --- Critical race theory