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CICLing 2006 (www.CICLing.org) was the 7th Annual Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics. The CICLing conferences are intended to provide a wide-scope forum for discussion of the internal art and craft of natural language processing research and the best practices in its applications. This volume contains the papers included in the main conference program (full papers) and selected papers from the poster session (short papers). Other poster session papers were included in a special issue of the journal Research on Computing Science; see informationonthisissue onthe website. Theprevious CICLing conferences since 2001 were also published in Springer’s Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) series, vol. 2004, 2276, 2588, 2945, and 3406. The number of submissions to CICLing 2006 was higher than that of the previous conferences: 141 full papers and 35 short papers by 480 authors from 37 countries were submitted for evaluation, see Tables 1 and 2. Each submission was reviewed by at least two independent Program Committee members. This book contains revised versions of 43 full papers (presented orally at the conference) and 16 short papers (presented as posters) by 177 authors from 24 countries selected for inclusion in the conference program. The acceptance rate was 30.4% for full papers and 45.7% for short papers.

Computational linguistics --- Discourse analysis --- Linguistique informatique --- Analyse du discours --- Congresses. --- Data processing --- Congrès --- Informatique --- Text processing (Computer science) --- Philology & Linguistics --- Computer Science --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Languages & Literatures --- Computer science. --- Mathematical logic. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Text processing (Computer science). --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Language Translation and Linguistics. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Document Preparation and Text Processing. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Informatics --- Science --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- Processing, Text (Computer science) --- Database management --- Electronic data processing --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Word processing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Natural language processing (Computer science). --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Natural Language Processing (NLP). --- NLP (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Human-computer interaction --- Semantic computing --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Machine theory. --- Formal Languages and Automata Theory. --- Abstract automata --- Abstract machines --- Automata --- Mathematical machine theory --- Algorithms --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Recursive functions --- Robotics --- Data centers

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This two-volume set, consisting of LNCS 7816 and LNCS 7817, constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Linguistics and Intelligent Processing, CICLING 2013, held on Samos, Greece, in March 2013. The total of 91 contributions presented was carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the proceedings. The papers are organized in topical sections named: general techniques; lexical resources; morphology and tokenization; syntax and named entity recognition; word sense disambiguation and coreference resolution; semantics and discourse; sentiment, polarity, subjectivity, and opinion; machine translation and multilingualism; text mining, information extraction, and information retrieval; text summarization; stylometry and text simplification; and applications.

Computer science. --- Database management. --- Data mining. --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Database Management. --- Computational Linguistics. --- Computational linguistics --- Text processing (Computer science) --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Processing, Text (Computer science) --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Data base management --- Data services (Database management) --- Database management services --- DBMS (Computer science) --- Generalized data management systems --- Services, Database management --- Systems, Database management --- Systems, Generalized database management --- Informatics --- Data processing --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Database management --- Electronic data processing --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Word processing --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Database searching --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Computer and Information Systems Applications. --- Data centers

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th CICLing 2010 was the 11 Annual Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics. The CICLing conferences provide a wide-scope forum for discussion of the art and craft of natural language processing research as well as the best practices in its applications. This volume contains three invited papers and the regular papers accepted for oral presentation at the conference. The papers accepted for poster pres- tation were published in a special issue of another journal (see information on thewebsite).Since 2001,theproceedingsofCICLingconferenceshavebeen p- lished in Springer’s Lecture Notes in Computer Science series, as volumes 2004, 2276, 2588, 2945, 3406, 3878, 4394, 4919, and 5449. The volume is structured into 12 sections: – Lexical Resources – Syntax and Parsing – Word Sense Disambiguation and Named Entity Recognition – Semantics and Dialog – Humor and Emotions – Machine Translation and Multilingualism – Information Extraction – Information Retrieval – Text Categorization and Classi?cation – Plagiarism Detection – Text Summarization – Speech Generation The 2010 event received a record high number of submissions in the - year history of the CICLing series. A total of 271 papers by 565 authors from 47 countriesweresubmittedforevaluationbytheInternationalProgramCommittee (see Tables 1 and 2). This volume contains revised versions of 61 papers, by 152 authors, selected for oral presentation; the acceptance rate was 23%.

Text processing (Computer science) --- Computational linguistics --- Discourse analysis --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Data processing --- Computer science. --- Computer programming. --- Database management. --- Data mining. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Computer engineering. --- Computer Science. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Computer Engineering. --- Programming Techniques. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Database Management. --- Computers --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Data base management --- Data services (Database management) --- Database management services --- DBMS (Computer science) --- Generalized data management systems --- Services, Database management --- Systems, Database management --- Systems, Generalized database management --- Electronic data processing --- Electronic computer programming --- Electronic digital computers --- Programming (Electronic computers) --- Coding theory --- Informatics --- Science --- Design and construction --- Programming --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Computer networks. --- Computer and Information Systems Applications. --- Computer Engineering and Networks. --- Data centers --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Network computers --- Distributed processing

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This two-volume set, consisting of LNCS 6608 and LNCS 6609, constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Linguistics and Intelligent Processing, held in Tokyo, Japan, in February 2011. The 74 full papers, presented together with 4 invited papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 298 submissions. The contents have been ordered according to the following topical sections: lexical resources; syntax and parsing; part-of-speech tagging and morphology; word sense disambiguation; semantics and discourse; opinion mining and sentiment detection; text generation; machine translation and multilingualism; information extraction and information retrieval; text categorization and classification; summarization and recognizing textual entailment; authoring aid, error correction, and style analysis; and speech recognition and generation.

Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Computational linguistics --- Natural language processing (Computer science) --- Computer science. --- Database management. --- Data mining. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Database Management. --- Computational Linguistics. --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- Data base management --- Data services (Database management) --- Database management services --- DBMS (Computer science) --- Generalized data management systems --- Services, Database management --- Systems, Database management --- Systems, Generalized database management --- Electronic data processing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Data processing --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Computer and Information Systems Applications. --- Data centers

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CICLing 2005 (www.CICLing.org) was the 6th Annual Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics. It was intended to provide a balanced view of the cutting-edge developments in both the theoretical foundations of computational linguistics and the practice of natural-language text processing with its numerous applications. A feature of CICLing conferences is their wide scope that covers nearly all areas of computational linguistics and all aspects of natural language processing applications. This year we were honored by the presence of our keynote speakers Christian Boitet (CLIPS-IMAG, Grenoble), Kevin Knight (ISI), Daniel Marcu (ISI), and Ellen Riloff (University of Utah), who delivered excellent extended lectures and organized vivid discussions and encouraging tutorials; their invited papers are published in this volume. Of 151 submissions received, 88 were selected for presentation; 53 as full papers and 35 as short papers, by exactly 200 authors from 26 countries: USA (15 papers); Mexico (12); China (9.5); Spain (7.5); South Korea (5.5); Singapore (5); Germany (4.8); Japan (4); UK (3.5); France (3.3); India (3); Italy (3); Czech Republic (2.5); Romania (2.3); Brazil, Canada, Greece, Ireland, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland (1 each); Hong Kong (0.5); and Russia (0.5) including the invited papers. Internationally co-authored papers are counted in equal fractions.

Computational linguistics --- Discourse analysis --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Documentation --- Linguistique informatique --- Analyse du discours --- Systèmes d'information --- Congresses. --- Data processing --- Congrès --- Informatique --- Languages & Literatures --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Philology & Linguistics --- Computer Science --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Computer science. --- Mathematical logic. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Language Translation and Linguistics. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Informatics --- Science --- Information science --- Information services --- Library science --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Natural language processing (Computer science). --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Natural Language Processing (NLP). --- NLP (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Human-computer interaction --- Semantic computing --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Machine theory. --- Formal Languages and Automata Theory. --- Abstract automata --- Abstract machines --- Automata --- Mathematical machine theory --- Algorithms --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Recursive functions --- Robotics --- Data centers