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An Invitation to Cognitive Science provides a point of entry into the vast realm of cognitive science, offering selected examples of issues and theories from many of its subfields. All of the volumes in the second edition contain substantially revised and as well as entirely new chapters.Rather than surveying theories and data in the manner characteristic of many introductory textbooks in the field, An Invitation to Cognitive Science employs a unique case study approach, presenting a focused research topic in some depth and relying on suggested readings to convey the breadth of views and results. Each chapter tells a coherent scientific story, whether developing themes and ideas or describing a particular model and exploring its implications.The volumes are self contained and can be used individually in upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses ranging from introductory psychology, linguistics, cognitive science, and decision sciences, to social psychology, philosophy of mind, rationality, language, and vision science.
Cognitive psychology --- #PBIB:1998.3 --- Cognition. --- Psychology --- Cognitive science. --- NEUROSCIENCE/Visual Neuroscience --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- Science --- Philosophy of mind
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A new account of how we perceive the 3D shapes of objects and how to design machines that can see shapes the way we do.
Form perception --- Visual perception --- Perception --- Space Perception --- Visual Perception --- Mental Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Form Perception --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- Form perception. --- Visual perception. --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Form discrimination --- Shape discrimination --- Shape perception --- Psychological aspects --- Visual discrimination --- Figure-ground perception --- NEUROSCIENCE/Visual Neuroscience --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General
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How visual content is represented in neuronal population codes and how to analyze such codes with multivariate techniques. Vision is a massively parallel computational process, in which the retinal image is transformed over a sequence of stages so as to emphasize behaviorally relevant information (such as object category and identity) and deemphasize other information (such as viewpoint and lighting). The processes behind vision operate by concurrent computation and message passing among neurons within a visual area and between different areas. The theoretical concept of "population code" encapsulates the idea that visual content is represented at each stage by the pattern of activity across the local population of neurons. Understanding visual population codes ultimately requires multichannel measurement and multivariate analysis of activity patterns. Over the past decade, the multivariate approach has gained significant momentum in vision research. Functional imaging and cell recording measure brain activity in fundamentally different ways, but they now use similar theoretical concepts and mathematical tools in their modeling and analyses. With a focus on the ventral processing stream thought to underlie object recognition, this book presents recent advances in our understanding of visual population codes, novel multivariate pattern-information analysis techniques, and the beginnings of a unified perspective for cell recording and functional imaging. It serves as an introduction, overview, and reference for scientists and students across disciplines who are interested in human and primate vision and, more generally, in understanding how the brain represents and processes information.
Vision --- Brain --- Neural transmission --- Primates --- Comparative neurobiology --- Multivariate analysis --- Physiological aspects --- Localization of functions --- Physiology --- Comparative neurobiology. --- Multivariate analysis. --- Neural transmission. --- Localization of functions. --- Physiology. --- Physiological aspects. --- Eyesight --- Seeing --- Sight --- Senses and sensation --- Blindfolds --- Eye --- Physiological optics --- Brain function localization --- Cerebral localization --- Localization of cerebral functions --- Neurophysiology --- Phrenology --- Nerve transmission --- Nervous transmission --- Neurotransmission --- Synaptic transmission --- Transmission of nerve impulses --- Neural circuitry --- Neurotransmitters --- Comparative neurology --- Neurobiology --- Multivariate distributions --- Multivariate statistical analysis --- Statistical analysis, Multivariate --- Analysis of variance --- Mathematical statistics --- Matrices --- Functional localization --- Vision - Physiological aspects --- Brain - Localization of functions --- Primates - Physiology --- Primates. --- NEUROSCIENCE/General --- NEUROSCIENCE/Visual Neuroscience --- Quadrumana --- Mammals
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"David Marr's posthumously published Vision (1982) influenced a generation of brain and cognitive scientists, inspiring many to enter the field. In Vision, Marr describes a general framework for understanding visual perception and touches on broader questions about how the brain and its functions can be studied and understood. Researchers from a range of brain and cognitive sciences have long valued Marr's creativity, intellectual power, and ability to integrate insights and data from neuroscience, psychology, and computation. This MIT Press edition makes Marr's influential work available to a new generation of students and scientists. In Marr's framework, the process of vision constructs a set of representations, starting from a description of the input image and culminating with a description of three-dimensional objects in the surrounding environment. A central theme, and one that has had far-reaching influence in both neuroscience and cognitive science, is the notion of different levels of analysis--in Marr's framework, the computational level, the algorithmic level, and the hardware implementation level. Now, thirty years later, the main problems that occupied Marr remain fundamental open problems in the study of perception. Vision provides inspiration for the continuing efforts to integrate knowledge from cognition and computation to understand vision and the brain."--MIT CogNet.
Vision --- Human information processing --- Data processing --- Mathematical models --- #KVHB:Visuele perceptie --- #KVHB:Neuropsychologie --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Human information processing. --- Vision -- Data processing. --- Vision -- Mathematical models. --- Sensation --- Light Signal Transduction --- Ocular Physiological Processes --- Perception --- Models, Theoretical --- Investigative Techniques --- Signal Transduction --- Mental Processes --- Psychophysiology --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Vision, Ocular --- Visual Perception --- Models, Biological --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Neuroscience --- Data processing. --- Mathematical models. --- Information processing, Human --- Eyesight --- Seeing --- Sight --- Perception visuelle. --- Traitement de l'information chez l'homme. --- Modèles mathématiques --- Informatique --- Senses and sensation --- Blindfolds --- Eye --- Physiological optics --- Bionics --- Information theory in psychology --- Traitement de l'information (psychologie) --- Modèles mathématiques. --- Informatique. --- NEUROSCIENCE/Visual Neuroscience --- NEUROSCIENCE/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- Vision - Data processing --- Vision - Mathematical models --- Modèles mathématiques.
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