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Neo-Kantianism. --- Language and languages

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Frederick C. Beiser tells the story of the emergence of neo-Kantianism from the late 1790s until the 1880s. He focuses on neo-Kantianism before official or familiar neo-Kantianism, i.e., before the formation of the various schools of neo-Kantianism in the 1880s and 1890s (which included the Marburg school, the Southwestern school, and the Gottingen school). Beiser argues that the source of neo-Kantianism lies in three crucial but neglected figures: Jakob Friedrich Fries, Johann Friedrich Herbart, and Friedrich Beneke, who together form what he calls 'the lost tradition'. They are the first neo-Kantians because they defended Kant's limits on knowledge against the excesses of speculative idealism, because they upheld Kant's dualisms against their many critics, and because they adhered to Kant's transcendental idealism. Much of this book is devoted to an explanation for the rise of neo-Kantianism. Beiser contends that it became a greater force in the decades from 1840 to 1860 in response to three major developments in German culture: the collapse of speculative idealism; the materialism controversy; and the identity crisis of philosophy. As he goes on to argue, after the 1860s neo-Kantianism became a major philosophical force because of its response to two later cultural developments: the rise of pessimism and Darwinism.

Philosophy --- Neo-Kantianism --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804

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Neo-kantianism --- Philosophy, Modern --- Néo-kantisme --- Philosophie --- Neo-Kantianism. --- Néo-kantisme --- Philosophy, Modern - 20th century.

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Au cours de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle, les divers retours à Kant ont produit des contributions philosophiques majeures, non seulement dans le domaine de la théorie de la connaissance, mais aussi de la métaphysique, de la psychologie, de l'éthique, de la philosophie, de la culture et des sciences humaines. Comme on le sait, le but de ces retours n'était pas de conserver ou de simplement revendiquer une supposée doctrine dans une réalité qui n'était plus exactement celle du philosophe de Königsberg. Il s'agissait donc de renouveler, dans un monde qui changeait de manière vertigineuse, la puissance de la méthode « transcendantale » et de l'idéalisme. En effet, interroger les origines, l'évolution et les problématiques liées au néokantisme permit de comprendre l'histoire de la philosophie du XXe siècle. Ce collectif est ainsi l'occasion d'explorer la vigueur d'une méthode et d'une forme de questionnement qui demeurent particulièrement pertinentes aujourd'hui.

Neo-Kantianism --- Philosophy, German --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Neo-Kantianism. --- Philosophy, German - 20th century --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804

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History of philosophy --- Marburg school of philosophy --- Neo-kantianism --- Ecole de Marburg --- Néo-kantisme --- Cohen, Hermann, --- Natorp, Paul, --- Cohen, Hermann --- Natorp, Paul --- Marburg Neo-Kantianism --- Philosophy, German --- Neo-Kantianism --- Néo-kantisme --- Cohen, Hermann.