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Ideology is one of the most controversial terms in the political vocabulary, exciting both revulsion and inspiration. This book examines the reasons for those views, and explains why ideologies deserve respect as a major form of political thinking. It investigates the centrality of ideology both as a political phenomenon and as an organizing framework of political thought and action. It explores the changing understandings of ideology as a concept, and the arguments of the main ideologies. By employing the latest insights from a range of disciplines, the reader is introduced to the vitality and force of a crucial resource at the disposal of societies, through which sense and purpose is assigned to the political world.
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Personalism --- Ideology
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L'étude de la société indienne a été pour Louis Dumont, dans un second temps, le point d'appui d'une enquête comparative sur la civilisation moderne dont le présent ouvrage représente une nouvelle étape. En contraste avec la société des castes, modèle de l'organisation hiérarchique et du principe "holiste" (Homo hierarchicus, 1966), il a ainsi pu faire ressortir l'individualisme caractéristique de notre système d'idées et de valeurs. Il en a reconstitué la mise en place historique au travers de la genèse de l'idéologie économique (Homo aequalis, I, 1977). Avec Homo aequalis, II (L'Idéologie allemande), la comparaison se déplace à l'intérieur même du monde contemporain. Il s'agit cette fois d'envisager les variantes nationales et l'individualisme moderne, qui sont loin d'être identiques. Louis Dumont s'attache plus spécialement à la mise en perspective réciproque des versions allemande et française aussi fortement typées chacune que différentes. Il en résulte une vue profondément renouvelée tant, par exemple, de la fonction du thème de "l'éducation de soi-même" (Bildung) dans la culture allemande que de l'idéologie politique française.
Ideology --- Political science --- Economics --- Ideology --- Ideology --- Group identity --- Group identity --- Ideology --- Individualism --- Ideology --- Germany
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"Islamism has emerged as one of the most significant political ideologies of the twenty-first century. From the Islamic Revolution in Iran to the grinding struggle of Hezbollah in Lecbanon and the devastating 9/11 attacks by al-Qaïda, Islam has become both a critical discourse and a framework for active resistance, which levels a potent challenge against the ideals of modern secularism and the structures of Western hegemony. This book offers a rigorous and balanced analysis of how and why Islamism has arisen to the fore as the dominant voice of Islamic discourse and what accounts for the often vastly different political agendas, tactical choices, and strategic objectives of individual Islamist groups. It shows how a common Islamist language of resistance and defiance acquires distinctive meanings and implications in different local contexts, as well as how these local struggles connect to each other. Drawing on important insights from social psychology, critical studies, and post-colonial studies, the book pinpoints the underlying dynamic that drives Islamist struggles in the world today, and shows how diverse experiences of repression and humiliation--real or perceived--are translated into an equally diverse collection of struggles aimed at promoting an alternative social order of independence and dignity framed by Islam"--Publisher's description, back cover.
Islam and politics --- Ideology --- Ideology --- Radicalism
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