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Three-dimensional link theory and invariants of plane curve singularities
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0691083819 0691083800 1400881927 9780691083810 9780691083803 Year: 1985 Volume: 110 Publisher: Princeton Princeton University Press

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Abstract

This book gives a new foundation for the theory of links in 3-space modeled on the modern developmentby Jaco, Shalen, Johannson, Thurston et al. of the theory of 3-manifolds. The basic construction is a method of obtaining any link by "splicing" links of the simplest kinds, namely those whose exteriors are Seifert fibered or hyperbolic. This approach to link theory is particularly attractive since most invariants of links are additive under splicing.Specially distinguished from this viewpoint is the class of links, none of whose splice components is hyperbolic. It includes all links constructed by cabling and connected sums, in particular all links of singularities of complex plane curves. One of the main contributions of this monograph is the calculation of invariants of these classes of links, such as the Alexander polynomials, monodromy, and Seifert forms.

Keywords

Algebraic geometry --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Link theory. --- Curves, Plane. --- SINGULARITIES (Mathematics) --- Curves, Plane --- Invariants --- Link theory --- Singularities (Mathematics) --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Low-dimensional topology --- Piecewise linear topology --- Higher plane curves --- Plane curves --- Invariants. --- 3-sphere. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Alexander polynomial. --- Algebraic curve. --- Algebraic equation. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algorithm. --- Ambient space. --- Analytic function. --- Approximation. --- Big O notation. --- Call graph. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Characteristic polynomial. --- Closed-form expression. --- Cohomology. --- Computation. --- Conjecture. --- Connected sum. --- Contradiction. --- Coprime integers. --- Corollary. --- Curve. --- Cyclic group. --- Determinant. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Dimension. --- Disjoint union. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Euler number. --- Existential quantification. --- Exterior (topology). --- Fiber bundle. --- Fibration. --- Foliation. --- Fundamental group. --- Geometry. --- Graph (discrete mathematics). --- Ground field. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homology sphere. --- Identity matrix. --- Integer matrix. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Isolated point. --- Isolated singularity. --- Jordan normal form. --- Knot theory. --- Mathematical induction. --- Monodromy matrix. --- Monodromy. --- N-sphere. --- Natural transformation. --- Newton polygon. --- Newton's method. --- Normal (geometry). --- Notation. --- Pairwise. --- Parametrization. --- Plane curve. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Projective plane. --- Puiseux series. --- Quantity. --- Rational function. --- Resolution of singularities. --- Riemann sphere. --- Riemann surface. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Seifert surface. --- Set (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Solid torus. --- Special case. --- Stereographic projection. --- Submanifold. --- Summation. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topology. --- Torus knot. --- Torus. --- Tubular neighborhood. --- Unit circle. --- Unit vector. --- Unknot. --- Variable (mathematics).

On knots
Author:
ISBN: 0691084343 0691084351 1400882133 9780691084343 Year: 1987 Volume: 115 Publisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press,

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Abstract

On Knots is a journey through the theory of knots, starting from the simplest combinatorial ideas--ideas arising from the representation of weaving patterns. From this beginning, topological invariants are constructed directly: first linking numbers, then the Conway polynomial and skein theory. This paves the way for later discussion of the recently discovered Jones and generalized polynomials. The central chapter, Chapter Six, is a miscellany of topics and recreations. Here the reader will find the quaternions and the belt trick, a devilish rope trick, Alhambra mosaics, Fibonacci trees, the topology of DNA, and the author's geometric interpretation of the generalized Jones Polynomial.Then come branched covering spaces, the Alexander polynomial, signature theorems, the work of Casson and Gordon on slice knots, and a chapter on knots and algebraic singularities.The book concludes with an appendix about generalized polynomials.

Keywords

Knot theory --- Knots (Topology) --- Low-dimensional topology --- Knot theory. --- Algebraic topology --- 3-sphere. --- Addition theorem. --- Addition. --- Alexander polynomial. --- Algebraic variety. --- Algorithm. --- Ambient isotopy. --- Arf invariant. --- Basepoint. --- Bijection. --- Bilinear form. --- Borromean rings. --- Bracket polynomial. --- Braid group. --- Branched covering. --- Chiral knot. --- Chromatic polynomial. --- Cobordism. --- Codimension. --- Combination. --- Combinatorics. --- Complex analysis. --- Concentric. --- Conjecture. --- Connected sum. --- Conway polynomial (finite fields). --- Counting. --- Covering space. --- Cyclic group. --- Dense set. --- Determinant. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Dimension. --- Disjoint union. --- Disk (mathematics). --- Dual graph. --- Elementary algebra. --- Embedding. --- Enumeration. --- Existential quantification. --- Exotic sphere. --- Fibration. --- Formal power series. --- Fundamental group. --- Geometric topology. --- Geometry and topology. --- Geometry. --- Group action. --- Homotopy. --- Integer. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Isolated singularity. --- Jones polynomial. --- Knot complement. --- Knot group. --- Laws of Form. --- Lens space. --- Linking number. --- Manifold. --- Module (mathematics). --- Morwen Thistlethwaite. --- Normal bundle. --- Notation. --- Obstruction theory. --- Operator algebra. --- Pairing. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partition function (mathematics). --- Planar graph. --- Point at infinity. --- Polynomial ring. --- Polynomial. --- Quantity. --- Rectangle. --- Reidemeister move. --- Remainder. --- Root of unity. --- Saddle point. --- Seifert surface. --- Singularity theory. --- Slice knot. --- Special case. --- Statistical mechanics. --- Substructure. --- Summation. --- Symmetry. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topological space. --- Torus knot. --- Trefoil knot. --- Tubular neighborhood. --- Underpinning. --- Unknot. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Whitehead link. --- Wild knot. --- Writhe. --- Variétés topologiques --- Topologie combinatoire --- Theorie des noeuds

Three-dimensional geometry and topology.
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0691083045 1400865328 9780691083049 Year: 1997 Volume: 35. Publisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press,

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This book develops some of the extraordinary richness, beauty, and power of geometry in two and three dimensions, and the strong connection of geometry with topology. Hyperbolic geometry is the star. A strong effort has been made to convey not just denatured formal reasoning (definitions, theorems, and proofs), but a living feeling for the subject. There are many figures, examples, and exercises of varying difficulty. This book was the origin of a grand scheme developed by Thurston that is now coming to fruition. In the 1920s and 1930s the mathematics of two-dimensional spaces was formalized. It was Thurston's goal to do the same for three-dimensional spaces. To do this, he had to establish the strong connection of geometry to topology--the study of qualitative questions about geometrical structures. The author created a new set of concepts, and the expression "Thurston-type geometry" has become a commonplace. Three-Dimensional Geometry and Topology had its origins in the form of notes for a graduate course the author taught at Princeton University between 1978 and 1980. Thurston shared his notes, duplicating and sending them to whoever requested them. Eventually, the mailing list grew to more than one thousand names. The book is the culmination of two decades of research and has become the most important and influential text in the field. Its content also provided the methods needed to solve one of mathematics' oldest unsolved problems--the Poincaré Conjecture. In 2005 Thurston won the first AMS Book Prize, for Three-dimensional Geometry and Topology. The prize recognizes an outstanding research book that makes a seminal contribution to the research literature. Thurston received the Fields Medal, the mathematical equivalent of the Nobel Prize, in 1982 for the depth and originality of his contributions to mathematics. In 1979 he was awarded the Alan T. Waterman Award, which recognizes an outstanding young researcher in any field of science or engineering supported by the National Science Foundation.

Keywords

Topology --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Geometry, Hyperbolic --- Three-manifolds (Topology) --- Géométrie hyperbolique --- Variétés topologiques à 3 dimensions --- Geometry, Hyperbolic. --- 514.1 --- 3-manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Three dimensional (Topology) --- Three-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Hyperbolic geometry --- Lobachevski geometry --- Lobatschevski geometry --- Geometry, Non-Euclidean --- General geometry --- Three-manifolds (Topology). --- 514.1 General geometry --- Géométrie hyperbolique --- Variétés topologiques à 3 dimensions --- 3-sphere. --- Abelian group. --- Affine space. --- Affine transformation. --- Atlas (topology). --- Automorphism. --- Basis (linear algebra). --- Bounded set (topological vector space). --- Brouwer fixed-point theorem. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Compactification (mathematics). --- Conformal map. --- Contact geometry. --- Curvature. --- Cut locus (Riemannian manifold). --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Disk (mathematics). --- Divisor (algebraic geometry). --- Dodecahedron. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Embedding. --- Euclidean space. --- Euler number. --- Exterior (topology). --- Facet (geometry). --- Fiber bundle. --- Foliation. --- Fundamental group. --- Gaussian curvature. --- Geometry. --- Group homomorphism. --- Half-space (geometry). --- Holonomy. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homotopy. --- Horocycle. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Hyperbolic manifold. --- Hyperbolic space. --- Hyperboloid model. --- Interior (topology). --- Intersection (set theory). --- Isometry group. --- Isometry. --- Jordan curve theorem. --- Lefschetz fixed-point theorem. --- Lie algebra. --- Lie group. --- Line (geometry). --- Linear map. --- Linearization. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical induction. --- Metric space. --- Moduli space. --- Möbius transformation. --- Norm (mathematics). --- Pair of pants (mathematics). --- Piecewise linear manifold. --- Piecewise linear. --- Poincaré disk model. --- Polyhedron. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Projection (mathematics). --- Pseudogroup. --- Pullback (category theory). --- Quasi-isometry. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Riemann mapping theorem. --- Riemann surface. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Simplicial complex. --- Simply connected space. --- Special linear group. --- Stokes' theorem. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Tangent space. --- Tangent vector. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topological group. --- Topological manifold. --- Topological space. --- Topology. --- Transversal (geometry). --- Two-dimensional space. --- Uniformization theorem. --- Unit sphere. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector field. --- Topologie algébrique --- Topologie combinatoire --- Algebraic topology. --- Combinatorial topology. --- Variétés topologiques --- Geometrie --- Theorie des noeuds

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